Add stack-safe async loop support with trampoline pattern

[vbabanin]

• Add AsyncTrampoline class to prevent stack overflow in loops by converting callback recursion into iterative execution
• Add thenRunWhileLoop method to AsyncRunnable to support while-loop semantics where condition is checked before body execution
• Integrate trampoline into AsyncCallbackLoop by making LoopingCallback implement Runnable to avoid per-iteration lambda allocation

JAVA-6120

[vbabanin]

The nextIteration is reused to avoid creation of extra objects via LambdaMetafactory as we have the capturing lambda.

bounce.work = task is a write to a heap object's field, which can be considered an automatic escape in the JIT's analysis. Even if the Bounce object is short-lived, the JIT sees "object written to another object's field" and should give up.

The AsyncCallbackLoop JMH GC profiling (OpenJDK 17.0.10 LTS, 64-bit Server VM, mixed mode with compressed oops).

Metric	Runnable (this)	Lambda
Alloc rate	0.039 MB/sec	96.924 MB/sec
Alloc per op	64 B/op	160,048 B/op
GC count	~ 0	10
GC time	0 ms	9 ms

For Lambda case:
Per iteration: 1 lambda * 16 bytes = 16 B

• Per op (10,000 iterations): 10,000 * 16 = 160,000 B
• Plus one-time objects ~ 48 B