opentelemetry-sdk: Implement meter configurator

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -26,6 +26,8 @@ and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0
   ([#4973](https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-python/pull/4973))
 - `opentelemetry-exporter-prometheus`: Fix metric name prefix
   ([#4895](https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-python/pull/4895))
+- `opentelemetry-sdk`: Implement experimental Meter configurator 
+  ([#4966](https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-python/pull/4966))
 
 ## Version 1.40.0/0.61b0 (2026-03-04)
 

opentelemetry-sdk/benchmarks/metrics/test_benchmark_metrics.py

@@ -14,10 +14,17 @@
 import pytest
 
 from opentelemetry.sdk.metrics import Counter, MeterProvider
+from opentelemetry.sdk.metrics._internal import (
+    _default_meter_configurator,
+    _disable_meter_configurator,
+    _MeterConfig,
+    _RuleBasedMeterConfigurator,
+)
 from opentelemetry.sdk.metrics.export import (
     AggregationTemporality,
     InMemoryMetricReader,
 )
+from opentelemetry.sdk.util.instrumentation import _scope_name_matches_glob
 
 reader_cumulative = InMemoryMetricReader()
 reader_delta = InMemoryMetricReader(
@@ -77,3 +84,43 @@ def benchmark_up_down_counter_add():
         udcounter.add(1, labels)
 
     benchmark(benchmark_up_down_counter_add)
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(params=[None, 0, 1, 10, 50])
+def num_meter_configurator_rules(request):
+    return request.param
+
+
+# pylint: disable=protected-access,redefined-outer-name
+def test_counter_add_with_meter_configurator_rules(
+    benchmark, num_meter_configurator_rules
+):
+    def benchmark_counter_add():
+        counter_cumulative.add(1, {})
+
+    if num_meter_configurator_rules is None:
+        provider_reader_cumulative._set_meter_configurator(
+            meter_configurator=_disable_meter_configurator
+        )
+    else:
+
+        def meter_configurator(meter_scope):
+            return _RuleBasedMeterConfigurator(
+                rules=[
+                    (
+                        _scope_name_matches_glob(glob_pattern=str(i)),
+                        _MeterConfig(is_enabled=True),
+                    )
+                    for i in range(num_meter_configurator_rules)
+                ],
+                default_config=_MeterConfig(is_enabled=True),
+            )(meter_scope)
+
+        provider_reader_cumulative._set_meter_configurator(
+            meter_configurator=meter_configurator
+        )
+
+    benchmark(benchmark_counter_add)
+    provider_reader_cumulative._set_meter_configurator(
+        meter_configurator=_default_meter_configurator
+    )

opentelemetry-sdk/benchmarks/trace/test_benchmark_trace.py

@@ -21,10 +21,10 @@
     TracerProvider,
     _default_tracer_configurator,
     _RuleBasedTracerConfigurator,
-    _scope_name_matches_glob,
     _TracerConfig,
     sampling,
 )
+from opentelemetry.sdk.util.instrumentation import _scope_name_matches_glob
 
 tracer = TracerProvider(
     sampler=sampling.DEFAULT_ON,

opentelemetry-sdk/src/opentelemetry/sdk/_configuration/__init__.py

@@ -52,11 +52,13 @@
     OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_METRICS_PROTOCOL,
     OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_PROTOCOL,
     OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_TRACES_PROTOCOL,
+    OTEL_PYTHON_METER_CONFIGURATOR,
     OTEL_PYTHON_TRACER_CONFIGURATOR,
     OTEL_TRACES_SAMPLER,
     OTEL_TRACES_SAMPLER_ARG,
 )
 from opentelemetry.sdk.metrics import MeterProvider
+from opentelemetry.sdk.metrics._internal import _MeterConfiguratorT
 from opentelemetry.sdk.metrics.export import (
     MetricExporter,
     MetricReader,
@@ -171,6 +173,10 @@ def _get_tracer_configurator() -> str | None:
     return environ.get(OTEL_PYTHON_TRACER_CONFIGURATOR, None)
 
 
+def _get_meter_configurator() -> str | None:
+    return environ.get(OTEL_PYTHON_METER_CONFIGURATOR, None)
+
+
 def _get_exporter_entry_point(
     exporter_name: str, signal_type: Literal["traces", "metrics", "logs"]
 ):
@@ -267,6 +273,7 @@ def _init_metrics(
     ],
     resource: Resource | None = None,
     exporter_args_map: ExporterArgsMap | None = None,
+    meter_configurator: _MeterConfiguratorT | None = None,
 ):
     metric_readers = []
 
@@ -282,7 +289,11 @@ def _init_metrics(
                 )
             )
 
-    provider = MeterProvider(resource=resource, metric_readers=metric_readers)
+    provider = MeterProvider(
+        resource=resource,
+        metric_readers=metric_readers,
+        _meter_configurator=meter_configurator,
+    )
     set_meter_provider(provider)
 
 
@@ -387,6 +398,27 @@ def _import_tracer_configurator(
     return tracer_configurator_impl
 
 
+def _import_meter_configurator(
+    meter_configurator_name: str | None,
+) -> _MeterConfiguratorT | None:
+    if not meter_configurator_name:
+        return None
+
+    try:
+        _, meter_configurator_impl = _import_config_components(
+            [meter_configurator_name.strip()],
+            "_opentelemetry_meter_configurator",
+        )[0]
+    except Exception as exc:  # pylint: disable=broad-exception-caught
+        _logger.warning(
+            "Using default meter configurator. Failed to load meter configurator, %s: %s",
+            meter_configurator_name,
+            exc,
+        )
+        return None
+    return meter_configurator_impl
+
+
 def _import_exporters(
     trace_exporter_names: Sequence[str],
     metric_exporter_names: Sequence[str],
@@ -507,6 +539,7 @@ def _initialize_components(
     export_log_record_processor: _ConfigurationExporterLogRecordProcessorT
     | None = None,
     tracer_configurator: _TracerConfiguratorT | None = None,
+    meter_configurator: _MeterConfiguratorT | None = None,
 ):
     # pylint: disable=too-many-locals
     if trace_exporter_names is None:
@@ -538,6 +571,11 @@ def _initialize_components(
         tracer_configurator = _import_tracer_configurator(
             tracer_configurator_name
         )
+    if meter_configurator is None:
+        meter_configurator_name = _get_meter_configurator()
+        meter_configurator = _import_meter_configurator(
+            meter_configurator_name
+        )
 
     # if env var OTEL_RESOURCE_ATTRIBUTES is given, it will read the service_name
     # from the env variable else defaults to "unknown_service"
@@ -554,7 +592,10 @@ def _initialize_components(
         tracer_configurator=tracer_configurator,
     )
     _init_metrics(
-        metric_exporters, resource, exporter_args_map=exporter_args_map
+        exporters_or_readers=metric_exporters,
+        resource=resource,
+        exporter_args_map=exporter_args_map,
+        meter_configurator=meter_configurator,
     )
     if setup_logging_handler is None:
         setup_logging_handler = (

opentelemetry-sdk/src/opentelemetry/sdk/environment_variables/__init__.py

@@ -814,3 +814,15 @@ def channel_credential_provider() -> grpc.ChannelCredentials:
 This is an experimental environment variable and the name of this variable and its behavior can
 change in a non-backwards compatible way.
 """
+
+OTEL_PYTHON_METER_CONFIGURATOR = "OTEL_PYTHON_METER_CONFIGURATOR"
+"""
+.. envvar:: OTEL_PYTHON_METER_CONFIGURATOR
+
+The :envvar:`OTEL_PYTHON_METER_CONFIGURATOR` environment variable allows users to set a
+custom Meter Configurator function.
+Default: opentelemetry.sdk.metrics._internal._default_meter_configurator
+
+This is an experimental environment variable and the name of this variable and its behavior can
+change in a non-backwards compatible way.
+"""