ThQML: Thinking Quantum Machine learning

C. Conti

Code for the book Quantum Machine Learning, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-44226-1

Being free of any licensing fees, ThQML is ideal for exploring quantum machine learning for students and researchers.

Created by following https://packaging.python.org/en/latest/tutorials/packaging-projects/

Requirements

graphviz https://graphviz.gitlab.io/download for plot_model to work

Installation

Installation by pip and Python Package Index (https://pypi.org/project/thqml/1.0.0/)

pip install thqml

The user may eventually use a conda or similar environment.

Local installation

In the downloaded folder from github

python3 -m pip install .

Note the dot at the end

To install an editable version

python3 -m pip install -e .

Note the dot after editable

Citing ThQML

If you use ThQML in your research, please cite the book.

See the references in thqml.bib

Last test with code versions (december 2023)

- python 3.10.12
- tensorflow 2.11.0
- matplotlib 3.7.2
- numpy 1.24.3

Tree

.
├── CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md
├── jupyternotebooks
│   ├── bosonsampling
│   │   ├── BosonSamplingExample1.ipynb
│   │   ├── BosonSamplingExample2.ipynb
│   │   ├── BosonSamplingExample3.ipynb
│   │   ├── BosonSamplingExample4b.ipynb
│   │   ├── BosonSamplingExample4.ipynb
│   │   ├── BosonSamplingExample5.ipynb
│   │   ├── BosonSamplingExample6.ipynb
│   │   ├── BosonSamplingExample7.ipynb
│   │   ├── BosonSamplingExample8.ipynb
│   │   └── BosonSamplingExample9.ipynb
│   ├── logo_circular.png
│   ├── phasespace
│   │   ├── beamsplitter.ipynb
│   │   ├── BellBS.ipynb
│   │   ├── coherentcomplex.ipynb
│   │   ├── coherentcomplextrainingCOV.ipynb
│   │   ├── coherentcomplextrainingDER.ipynb
│   │   ├── coherentcomplextraining.ipynb
│   │   ├── coherent.ipynb
│   │   ├── differentiallayer.ipynb
│   │   ├── phasemodulator.ipynb
│   │   ├── photoncountinglayer.ipynb
│   │   ├── singlemodesqueezerBS.ipynb
│   │   ├── singlemodesqueezer.ipynb
│   │   ├── symplectic.ipynb
│   │   ├── testGaussianLayer.ipynb
│   │   ├── twolayersreservoir.ipynb
│   │   ├── twomodesqueezer.ipynb
│   │   └── uncertainty.ipynb
│   ├── quantumfeaturemap
│   │   ├── coherentstate.ipynb
│   │   ├── kernelexample.ipynb
│   │   ├── QAOATwoQubitTransverseFieldIsing.ipynb
│   │   ├── QuantumKernelMachineQubits.ipynb
│   │   ├── QuantumNeuralStateTwoQubitTransverseFieldIsing.ipynb
│   │   ├── QubitsDensityMatrix.ipynb
│   │   ├── QubitsGym.ipynb
│   │   ├── QubitsMap.ipynb
│   │   ├── SingleQubitTransverseFieldIsing.ipynb
│   │   ├── squeezedvacuum.ipynb
│   │   ├── TensorsAndVectors.ipynb
│   │   └── TwoQubitTransverseFieldIsing.ipynb
│   └── soliton
│       ├── BoseHubbardNNT.ipynb
│       ├── BoseHubbardTwinNNT.ipynb
│       ├── BoseHubbardTwinNNTVersusN.ipynb
│       ├── modelSingleSoliton.png
│       └── modelTwin.png
├── LICENSE.txt
├── mathematica
│   ├── noncommutative.nb
│   ├── SingleQubitTransverseIsing.nb
│   ├── SingleQubitTransverseIsing.pdf
│   ├── tensorgaussian.nb
│   ├── TwoQubitTransverseIsing.nb
│   └── TwoQubitTransverseIsing.pdf
├── matlabsymbolic
│   ├── beamsplitter.m
│   ├── entanglementBS.m
│   ├── plot_entanglement_BS.m
│   ├── RqRpJ.m
│   ├── squeezedoperator.m
│   ├── test_RqRp.m
│   └── twomodesqueezedoperator.m
├── pyproject.toml
├── README.md
├── thqml
│   ├── EntangledFeatureMap.py
│   ├── __init__.py
│   ├── phasespace.py
│   ├── quantummap.py
│   ├── quantumsolitons.py
│   └── utilities.py
└── thqml.bib

Documentation

See the book Quantum Machine Learning

Code per chapter

Chapter 1

• jupyternotebooks/quantumfeaturemap/kernelexample.ipynb Page 13 Example of generation of dataset and with scikit-lean

Chapter 2

• jupyternotebooks/quantumfeaturemap/coherentstate.ipynb Page 33 Feature mapping by coherent state
• jupyternotebooks/quantumfeaturemap/squeezedvacuum.ipynb page 38 feature mapping by squeezed state

Chapter 3

• jupyternotebooks/quantumfeaturemap/QubitsMap.ipynb page 52 defining Qubits in TensorFlow
• jupyternotebooks/quantumfeaturemap/TensorsAndVectors.ipynb page 56 defining and manipulating tensors and vectors
• thqml/quantummap.py page 61 main library with qubit functions
• jupyternotebooks/quantumfeaturemap/QubitsMap.ipynb page 61 (continue) qubits feature mapping
• jupyternotebooks/quantumfeaturemap/QubitsGym.ipynb page 64 more on qubits and tensors
• thqml/quantummap.py page 68 (continue) main library with qubit functions
• jupyternotebooks/quantumfeaturemap/QubitsMap.ipynb page 74 (continue) qubits feature mapping
• jupyternotebooks/quantumfeaturemap/QuantumKernelMachineQubits.ipynb page 79 quantum kernel machine with qubits

Chapter 4

• jupyternotebooks/quantumfeaturemap/SingleQubitTransverseFieldIsing.ipynb page 89 Transverse Field Ising Model with a Single Qubit
• mathematica/SingleQubitTransverseIsing.nb MATHEMATICA page 90 Analytical results on the single qubit transverse field Ising model
• jupyternotebooks/quantumfeaturemap/SingleQubitTransverseFieldIsing.ipynb page 92 (continue) Transverse Field Ising Model with a Single Qubit
• jupyternotebooks/quantumfeaturemap/SingleQubitTransverseFieldIsing.ipynb page 99 (continue) Transverse Field Ising Model with a Single Qubit

Chapter 5

• mathematica/TwoQubitTransverseIsing.nb MATHEMATICA page 104 Analytical results on the two-qubit transverse field Ising model
• mathematica/TwoQubitTransverseIsing.nb MATHEMATICA page 105 (continue) Analytical results on the two-qubit transverse field Ising model
• jupyternotebooks/quantumfeaturemap/QubitsDensityMatrix.ipynb page 114 Computing the density matrix with qubits
• jupyternotebooks/quantumfeaturemap/QubitsDensityMatrix.ipynb page 118 (continue) Computing the density matrix with qubits
• jupyternotebooks/quantumfeaturemap/QubitsDensityMatrix.ipynb page 132 (continue) Computing the density matrix with qubits
• mathematica/TwoQubitTransverseIsing.nb MATHEMATICA page 133 (continue) Analytical results on the two-qubit transverse field Ising model

Chapter 6

• jupyternotebooks/quantumfeaturemap/TwoQubitTransverseFieldIsing.ipynb page 139 Transverse Field Ising Model with Two Qubit
• jupyternotebooks/quantumfeaturemap/QAOATwoQubitTransverseFieldIsing.ipynb page 152 Transverse Field Ising Model with Two Qubit with Quantum Approximation Optimization Algorithm
• jupyternotebooks/quantumfeaturemap/QuantumNeuralStateTwoQubitTransverseFieldIsing.ipynb page 157 Transverse Field Ising Model with Two Qubit with Quantum Neural State

Chapter 7

• matlabsymbolic/test_Rqpm.m MATLAB page 188 Symbolic relations of projection matrices
• jupyternotebooks/phasespace/symplectic.ipynb page 189 Test of projection matrices in jupyter
• thqml/phasespace.py page 190 main library with phasespace functions
• thqml/phasespace.py page 191 (continue) main library with phasespace functions

Chapter 8

• thqml/phasespace.py page 196 (continue) main library with phasespace functions
• thqml/phasespace.py page 199 (continue) main library with phasespace functions
• jupyternotebooks/phasespace/testGaussianLayer.ipynb page 199 Test of the Gaussian layer
• jupyternotebooks/phasespace/testGaussianLayer.ipynb page 200 (continue) Test of the Gaussian layer
• thqml/phasespace.py page 205 (continue) main library with phasespace functions
• jupyternotebooks/phasespace/coherent.ipynb page 209 Neural network representation of a coherent state
• thqml/phasespace.py page 210 (continue) main library with phasespace functions

Chapter 9

• jupyternotebooks/phasespace/coherent.ipynb page 216 (continue) Neural network representation of a coherent state
• jupyternotebooks/phasespace/coherentcomplex.ipynb page 217 Coherent state in a complex medium
• jupyternotebooks/phasespace/coherentcomplex.ipynb page 219 (continue) Coherent state in a complex medium
• jupyternotebooks/phasespace/coherentcomplextraining.ipynb page 219 Coherent state in a complex medium with training
• jupyternotebooks/phasespace/coherentcomplextraining.ipynb page 221 (continue) Coherent state in a complex medium with training
• jupyternotebooks/phasespace/coherentcomplextraining.ipynb page 222 (continue) Coherent state in a complex medium with training
• jupyternotebooks/phasespace/coherentcomplextrainingDER.ipynb page 225 Coherent state in a complex medium with training with derivatives
• thqml/phasespace.py page 226 (continue) main library with phasespace functions
• jupyternotebooks/phasespace/coherentcomplextrainingCOV.ipynb page 227 Coherent state in a complex medium with training with covariance
• jupyternotebooks/phasespace/twolayersreservoir.ipynb page 230 Two trainable interferometer and a reservoir
• thqml/phasespace.py page 231 (continue) Main library with phasespace functions
• jupyternotebooks/phasespace/phasemodulator.ipynb page 232 Phase modulator model

Chapter 10

• matlabsymbolic/squeezeoperator.m MATLAB page 237 Matrix representation of the squeeze operator in MATLAB
• jupyternotebooks/phasespace/singlemodesquezer.ipynb page 237 Single-mode squeezer model
• thqml/phasespace.py page 238 (continue) Main library with phasespace functions
• jupyternotebooks/phasespace/singlemodesquezer.ipynb page 240 (continue) Single-mode squeezer model
• jupyternotebooks/phasespace/singlemodesquezer.ipynb page 243 (continue) Single-mode squeezer model
• matlabsymbolic/squeezeoperator.m MATLAB page 244 Matrix representation of the two-mode squeeze operator in MATLAB
• thqml/phasespace.py page 245 (continue) Main library with phasespace functions
• jupyternotebooks/phasespace/twomodesquezer.ipynb page 247 Two-mode squeezer model
• matlabsymbolic/beamsplitter.m MATLAB page 248 Matrix representation of the beam splitter operator in MATLAB
• thqml/phasespace.py page 248 (continue) Main library with phasespace functions
• jupyternotebooks/phasespace/beamsplitter.ipynb page 251 Beam splitter model
• thqml/phasespace.py page 251 (continue) Main library with phasespace functions
• jupyternotebooks/phasespace/photoncountinglayer.ipynb page 252 Example 1 with a photon counting layer
• jupyternotebooks/phasespace/BellBS.ipynb page 254 Example 2 with a photon counting layer
• jupyternotebooks/phasespace/photoncounting.ipynb page 254 Example 3 with a photon counting layer
• jupyternotebooks/phasespace/BellBS.ipynb page 255 (continue) Example 4 with a photon counting layer and beam splitter

Chapter 11

• thqml/phasespace.py page 263 (continue) Main library with phasespace functions
• jupyternotebooks/phasespace/uncertainty.ipynb page 264 Example in using Laplacian layer for computing uncertainty
• thqml/phasespace.py page 265 (continue) Main library with phasespace functions
• jupyternotebooks/phasespace/uncertainty.ipynb page 267 (continue) Example in using Laplacian layer for computing uncertainty
• thqml/phasespace.py page 267 (continue) Main library with phasespace functions
• jupyternotebooks/phasespace/uncertainty.ipynb page 269 (continue) Example in using Laplacian layer for computing uncertainty
• jupyternotebooks/phasespace/uncertainty.ipynb page 272 (continue) Example in using Laplacian layer for computing uncertainty
• mathematica/noncommutative.nb MATHEMATICA page 275 Mathematica example on non commutative operators
• mathematica/tensorgaussian.nb MATHEMATICA page 276 Mathematica example on tensors for Gaussian states
• thqml/phasespace.py page 279 (continue) Main library with phasespace functions
• jupyternotebooks/phasespace/differentiallayer.ipynb page 282 Example of use of differential layer in computing uncertainty
• jupyternotebooks/phasespace/BellBS.ipynb page 284 (continue) Example 4 with a photon counting layer and beam splitter
• jupyternotebooks/phasespace/singlemodesqueezerBS.ipynb page 287 Model with single mode squeezer and beam splitter with entanglement
• thqml/phasespace.py page 287 (continue) Main library with phasespace functions

Chapter 12

• jupyternotebooks/bosonsamplingexample/BosonSamplingExample1.ipynb page 305 Example 1 with boson sampling
• thqml/phasespace.py page 309 (continue) Main library with phasespace functions
• jupyternotebooks/bosonsamplingexample/BosonSamplingExample1.ipynb page 310 Example 1 with boson sampling, GBS on single model coherent state
• jupyternotebooks/bosonsamplingexample/BosonSamplingExample2.ipynb page 312 Example 2 with boson sampling, GBS on single mode squeezed state
• jupyternotebooks/bosonsamplingexample/BosonSamplingExample3.ipynb page 314 Example 3 with boson sampling, GBS on multi-mode (two modes) coherent states
• jupyternotebooks/bosonsamplingexample/BosonSamplingExample4.ipynb page 316 Example 4 with boson sampling, GBS on multi-mode (two modes) squezed and coherent states with transform layer
• jupyternotebooks/bosonsamplingexample/BosonSamplingExample4b.ipynb page 316 Example 4b with boson sampling, GBS on multi-mode (two modes) squezed and coherent states with random layer
• jupyternotebooks/bosonsamplingexample/BosonSamplingExample5.ipynb page 318 Example 5 with boson sampling, GBS Haar interferometer and multimode squeezed vacuum
• thqml/phasespace.py page 319 (continue) Main library with phasespace functions
• jupyternotebooks/bosonsamplingexample/BosonSamplingExample6.ipynb page 321 Example 6 with boson sampling, GBS Haar interferometer and multimode squeezed vacuum
  • Generates the following figures
    1. BosonSamplingExample6.pdf
    2. modelHaar.pdf
    3. BosonSamplingExample6ALL.pdf
• jupyternotebooks/bosonsamplingexample/BosonSamplingExample6.ipynb page 324 (continue) Example 6 with boson sampling, GBS Haar interferometer and multimode squeezed vacuum
• jupyternotebooks/bosonsamplingexample/BosonSamplingExample6.ipynb page 324 (continue) Example 6 with boson sampling, GBS Haar interferometer and multimode squeezed vacuum
• jupyternotebooks/bosonsamplingexample/BosonSamplingExample7.ipynb page 329 Example 7 with boson sampling, GBS Haar and squeezer with training particle number
  • Generates the following figures
    1. modelBS7.png
    2. modelBS7.pdf
    3. BS7pairsnotraining.pdf
    4. BS7quaternotraining.pdf
    5. BS7ALLnotraining.pdf
    6. BS7traininghistory.pdf
    7. BS7pairstrained.pdf
    8. BS7quatertrained.pdf
    9. BS7ALLtrained.pdf
• jupyternotebooks/bosonsamplingexample/BosonSamplingExample8.ipynb page 336 Example 8 with boson sampling, GBS Haar and squeezing training particle number and squeezing parameters
• jupyternotebooks/bosonsamplingexample/BosonSamplingExample9.ipynb page 336 Example 9 with boson sampling, GBS Haar and squeezing training on differential particle number

Chapter 13

• thqml/quantumsolitons.py page 348 Library with functions for quantum manybody and solitons
• thqml/quantumsolitons.py page 354 (continue) Library with functions for quantum manybody and solitons
• jupyternotebooks/soliton/BoseHubbardNNT.ipynb page 356 Model for the ground state of the Bose-Hubbard Hamiltonian
• thqml/quantumsolitons.py page 361 (continue) Library with functions for quantum manybody and solitons
• jupyternotebooks/soliton/BoseHubbardTwinNNT.ipynb page 362 Model Bose-Hubbard Hamiltonian with two solitons
• jupyternotebooks/soliton/BoseHubbardTwinNNTVersusN.ipynb page 362 Model Bose-Hubbard Hamiltonian with two solitons versus N