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.github/Feature-Prompts/Net11/Application.SystemTextAwareness'/Application.SystemTextAwareness.md

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+# Task: Create a new API — `Application` system-text-size awareness — and the respective API proposal
+
+## What to do
+
+Create a **new API proposal / API review issue in the upstream `dotnet/winforms` repo**
+(`origin` = my fork, `upstream` = the Microsoft repo where this lands). Write it per the
+WinForms repo conventions and the relevant skills for authoring new-API issues. Apply the
+skills; don't ask me for boilerplate.
+
+This proposal introduces **runtime awareness of the Windows Accessibility text-size
+setting** at the `Application` level, plus a per-`Form` change notification. It is the
+**foundation** proposal; a companion `TreeView.NodeLeading` proposal references this one.
+
+## Before you implement anything
+
+**Verify every premise below against current source before committing to the design.**
+Verify, don't trust. If any premise is wrong, stop and tell me. Key files (VMR @
+`96982699e0dd8c046f397541dc0eb235ea8a4958`):
+
+- `src/winforms/src/System.Windows.Forms.Primitives/src/System/Windows/Forms/Internals/ScaleHelper.cs`
+- `src/winforms/src/System.Windows.Forms/System/Windows/Forms/Application.cs`
+- `src/winforms/src/System.Windows.Forms/System/Windows/Forms/Application.ThreadContext.cs`
+- `src/winforms/src/System.Windows.Forms/System/Windows/Forms/Application.ParkingWindow.cs`
+- `src/runtime/src/libraries/Microsoft.Win32.SystemEvents/...` (SystemEvents / UserPreferenceCategory)
+
+## Rationale — surface and complete an existing partial implementation
+
+This is **not** a net-new feature; it **finishes a half-built one**. WinForms already reads
+the Accessibility text-size setting, but only once and only for the default font:
+
+`ScaleHelper.ScaleToSystemTextSize(Font?)` reads
+`HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Accessibility` → value `TextScaleFactor`
+(REG_DWORD, clamped 100–225), and returns the font scaled by `TextScaleFactor / 100`
+(or `null` if 100, if the font `IsSystemFont`, or if the OS is < Windows 10 1507). It is
+documented in-source as the **Settings → Display → Make Text Bigger** setting.
+
+The gaps: (1) the value is **never surfaced** to developers; (2) it is read **once**, at
+default-font construction, and the app **never reacts** when the user changes the setting at
+runtime; (3) there is **no notification** mechanism. This proposal fills those three gaps.
+
+## Three-knob disambiguation (MANDATORY callout — reviewers will conflate these)
+
+Windows surfaces three *different* sizing mechanisms; the Settings UI even puts two on one
+page (`System → Display → Custom scaling` shows a "Custom scaling 100–500%" box AND a
+"Text size" link). The proposal MUST state plainly which one it targets:
+
+1. **Display / Custom scaling (100–500%)** → this is **DPI**. Already handled by
+   `HighDpiMode` and the DPI events (`WM_DPICHANGED`, `Control.DpiChanged*`). **NOT** this
+   proposal.
+2. **Accessibility → Text size (100–225%)** → registry `TextScaleFactor` under
+   `HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Accessibility`; WinRT `UISettings.TextScaleFactor` /
+   `TextScaleFactorChanged`. **THIS is the target.** Independent of DPI.
+3. **Legacy pre-Win10 per-element text sizing** (title bars/menus) → **removed** in Windows
+   10 1703; the Accessibility slider replaced it. Mentioned only to close the loop.
+
+State explicitly that `Application.SystemTextSize` reflects **#2 only**, and is orthogonal to
+DPI (#1).
+
+## Proposed API
+
+### `Application` (process-static)
+
+- **`public static double SystemTextSize { get; }`** — the current Accessibility text-scale
+  factor (1.0–2.25; i.e. `TextScaleFactor / 100`). **Live getter** — re-reads the value, does
+  not cache, because it is a system setting that changes at runtime. Well-defined regardless
+  of whether any `Form` exists or how many UI threads are running (it is process-global).
+- **`public static SystemTextSizeAwareness SystemTextSizeAwareness { get; set; }`** — the
+  mode. **Enum, not bool**, deliberately, to reserve room for a future `Automatic`:
+  - `Unaware` (default) — no notification raised; fully back-compatible, nothing changes.
+  - `Notify` — raise change notifications (see below); the app decides how to respond.
+  - *(reserved, NOT implemented now: `Automatic` — framework re-flows for you. Reserving the
+    enum slot now avoids a future breaking bool→enum change, the same lesson `HighDpiMode`
+    learned.)*
+- **`public static event EventHandler? SystemTextSizeChanged`** — fires once per process when
+  the setting changes (only when awareness is `Notify`).
+
+### `Form` (instance)
+
+- **`public event EventHandler? SystemTextSizeChanged`** — instance event, raised on each
+  top-level `Form` when the setting changes.
+- **`protected virtual void OnSystemTextSizeChanged(EventArgs e)`** — overridable, fires the
+  instance event via the `EventHandlerList` pattern (`Events[s_systemTextSizeChangedEvent]`).
+
+## The trigger architecture (the leak-critical part — get this exactly right)
+
+A naive design — a static `Application.SystemTextSizeChanged` that `Form`s/`Control`s
+subscribe to — **leaks**: the static event strongly roots every subscriber, so no `Form`
+that subscribes is ever collected. Avoid this by **mirroring the DPI architecture**, where
+`Control`/`Form` learn of DPI changes from their **own `WndProc`** (`WM_DPICHANGED` →
+`OnDpiChanged` → instance event via `EventHandlerList`), **not** from a static subscription.
+
+Verified facts that constrain the design:
+
+- **`WM_SETTINGCHANGE` is broadcast** (`HWND_BROADCAST`) and delivered directly to top-level
+  windows' `WndProc`s — it bypasses the thread message queue, so **`IMessageFilter` does NOT
+  see it.** Do not use a message filter.
+- **The WinForms parking window is message-only** (`CreateParams.Parent = HWND_MESSAGE`).
+  Message-only windows are **excluded from broadcasts**, so the parking window **cannot**
+  receive `WM_SETTINGCHANGE`. Do not use it.
+- **`Application` has no `MainForm`.** The main form lives on `ApplicationContext` (per-run,
+  per-UI-thread), can be `null` (tray/loop-only apps), and is mutable (splash→main handoff).
+  So the main form is **not** a reliable receiver. Do not anchor the app-level event to it.
+- **`SystemEvents` already owns a hidden top-level broadcast-receiving window** (its
+  `.NET-BroadcastEventWindow`), and exposes `UserPreferenceChanged` with a
+  `UserPreferenceCategory` (the relevant value is `Accessibility`, which is **coarse** — it
+  covers any accessibility change, so you must re-read `TextScaleFactor` and diff to confirm
+  it was text-scale).
+
+**Resulting design:**
+
+- **App-level:** `Application` makes **one internal, process-lifetime** subscription to
+  `SystemEvents.UserPreferenceChanged`, filters `Category == Accessibility`, re-reads
+  `TextScaleFactor`, diffs against the cached value, and if changed raises the static
+  `SystemTextSizeChanged`. This is a single framework-static→framework-static link — it does
+  **not** root any user object, so it is **not** the leak hazard. Reuses the existing hidden
+  broadcast window; **no new HWND** required.
+- **Form-level:** each top-level `Form` handles `WM_SETTINGCHANGE` in its **own `WndProc`**
+  (it is a broadcast — every top-level window receives it), re-reads + diffs, and raises its
+  **instance** `SystemTextSizeChanged` via `OnSystemTextSizeChanged`. `Form`s do **not**
+  subscribe to `Application` — no rooting, lifetime = the window.
+
+Caveat to document: there is **no dedicated `WM_TEXTSCALECHANGED`** message. Both paths must
+recognize a *relevant* change by re-reading `TextScaleFactor` and comparing, not by the
+message alone.
+
+## Aids vs. leave-it-to-the-user
+
+**Notify-only. No automatic re-layout / font-rescaling aids in this proposal.** Reasons:
+text scale interacts with `AutoScaleMode`, anchored/docked layout, and explicitly-set fonts
+in app-specific ways; a generic "scale all fonts by the factor" helper breaks more than it
+fixes. The reserved `Automatic` enum value is exactly where such behavior would live later.
+`Notify` gives the developer the factor and the event; they decide. (Consistent with the
+companion `NodeLeading` proposal's conservative-default philosophy.)
+
+## Why this matters across controls (evidence — include the matrix)
+
+Multiple text-measuring controls derive item/row/tile extents from a `Font` that today only
+reacts to the text-size setting once at startup (via `ScaleToSystemTextSize` on the default
+font) and never again. So **any single cached height scalar is wrong the moment text size
+changes at runtime** — which is the core argument for runtime awareness:
+
+- **ListBox / ComboBox** — have `MeasureItem` + `OwnerDrawVariable` (a real per-item measure
+  hatch) and `ItemHeight`. Their gap is the legacy default base calc + the missing runtime
+  text-scale reaction — i.e. exactly this proposal.
+- **TreeView** — has neither `MeasureItem` nor a wrapped native height API; only a uniform
+  native item height. Worst-positioned for a managed fix; addressed by the companion
+  `TreeView.NodeLeading` proposal, which depends on this one.
+- **ListView (Details)** — no `MeasureItem`, no native row-height message; row height is
+  comctl-computed from `SmallImageList` + control font, while per-item/subitem fonts are
+  honored via `NM_CUSTOMDRAW` (`CDRF_NEWFONT`). Userland workarounds (phantom `SmallImageList`;
+  `LVS_OWNERDRAWFIXED` + one-shot reflected `WM_MEASUREITEM`; "inflate control font / shrink
+  item fonts") each have holes (header leak, set-once, exhaustive per-item font setting,
+  owner-draw-all). **No clean complete userland solution exists** — strengthening the case
+  that text-size reaction belongs in the framework.
+
+## XML doc requirements
+
+- Document that `SystemTextSize` is the **Accessibility text-size** factor (Settings →
+  Display → Make Text Bigger), **not** DPI/display scaling, and is process-global / live.
+- Document the `Unaware`/`Notify` semantics and that `Automatic` is reserved for future use.
+- Document the no-rooting design note on the static event (so consumers understand instance
+  vs. static).
+
+## Open questions for review
+
+- Should `SystemTextSize` be `double` (1.0–2.25) or expose the raw int percent (100–225)?
+- Behavior on OS < Windows 10 1507 (where `ScaleToSystemTextSize` no-ops): `SystemTextSize`
+  returns 1.0 and no events fire?
+- Whether to also expose the value/event on `Application` only, leaving `Form` consumers to
+  use their own `WndProc` override — or provide the `Form` instance event as proposed
+  (recommended, for parity with the DPI event model).
+
+## Output
+
+The upstream issue per the skills: summary; the "complete a partial implementation"
+rationale; the mandatory three-knob disambiguation; the proposed API; the leak-safe trigger
+architecture with the four verified constraints (broadcast vs. IMessageFilter, message-only
+parking window, no MainForm on Application, SystemEvents reuse); Notify-only stance; the
+cross-control matrix; XML-doc requirements; open questions. Flag anything the source
+contradicts.