feat: DH-22062: add create_global_state and create_user_state shared state hooks

plans/global-user-state.md

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+# Plan for implementing a global user state in Deephaven UI
+
+Proof of concept (not production):
+
+```python
+from deephaven import empty_table, ui
+
+
+def create_store(initial_value=None):
+    store_value = initial_value
+    set_values = set()
+
+    def use_store():
+        value, set_value = ui.use_state(store_value)
+
+        def add_set_value():
+            set_values.add(set_value)
+
+            # Clean up the set values when the component unmounts
+            return lambda: set_values.discard(set_value)
+
+        ui.use_effect(add_set_value, [set_value])
+
+        def do_set_value(new_value):
+            nonlocal store_value
+            store_value = new_value
+            for set_value in set_values:
+                set_value(new_value)
+
+        return value, do_set_value
+
+    return use_store
+
+
+use_value_store = create_store(0)
+
+
+@ui.component
+def my_slider():
+    value, set_value = use_value_store()
+    return ui.slider(label="Value", value=value, on_change=set_value)
+
+
+@ui.component
+def my_table():
+    value, set_value = use_value_store()
+    t = ui.use_memo(
+        lambda: empty_table(1000).update(["x=i", f"y=x*Math.sin({value})"]), [value]
+    )
+    return t
+
+
+s = my_slider()
+t = my_table()
+```
+
+You can get user context:
+
+```python
+from deephaven_enterprise import auth_context
+from deephaven import ui
+
+query_user = auth_context.get_authenticated_user()
+query_effective = auth_context.get_effective_user()
+
+
+@ui.component
+def ui_show_auth_context():
+    component_user = auth_context.get_authenticated_user()
+    component_effective = auth_context.get_effective_user()
+    return [
+        ui.heading(f"Query auth user: {query_user}"),
+        ui.heading(f"Query effective user: {query_effective}"),
+        ui.heading(f"Component auth user: {component_user}"),
+        ui.heading(f"Component effective user: {component_effective}"),
+    ]
+
+
+auth = ui_show_auth_context()
+```

plugins/ui/docs/hooks/create_global_state.md

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+# create_global_state
+
+`create_global_state` is a factory function that creates a shared state hook. Unlike `use_state`, which creates state local to a single component, the state created by `create_global_state` is shared across all components that call the returned hook. When any component updates the shared state, all other components using the same hook will re-render with the new value.
+
+Call `create_global_state` at module level (outside of any component) to create a store. Then call the returned hook inside `@ui.component` functions to subscribe to the shared state.
+
+When all components using a shared store unmount, the state resets to the initial value.
+
+## Example
+
+```python
+from deephaven import ui
+
+# Create the shared state at module level
+use_shared_counter = ui.create_global_state(0)
+
+
+@ui.component
+def ui_counter_controls():
+    count, set_count = use_shared_counter()
+    return ui.flex(
+        ui.button(f"Count: {count}", on_press=lambda: set_count(count + 1)),
+        ui.button("Reset", on_press=lambda: set_count(0)),
+    )
+
+
+@ui.component
+def ui_counter_display():
+    count, _ = use_shared_counter()
+    return ui.text(f"The shared count is: {count}")
+
+
+controls = ui_counter_controls()
+display = ui_counter_display()
+```
+
+In this example, clicking the button in `ui_counter_controls` will update the count displayed in both `ui_counter_controls` and `ui_counter_display`.
+
+## Recommendations
+
+1. **Create stores at module level**: Call `create_global_state` at module level, not inside a component. The returned hook is then used inside components.
+2. **Naming convention**: Name the returned hook starting with `use_`, e.g. `use_shared_counter = ui.create_global_state(0)`. This makes it clear that it follows hook rules.
+3. **Keep state serializable**: As with `use_state`, use simple serializable values (numbers, strings, lists, dicts) when possible for best compatibility.
+4. **Prefer `create_user_state` for user-specific data**: If the state should be independent per user (e.g., user preferences or user-specific selections), use [`create_user_state`](create_user_state.md) instead.
+
+## Using updater functions
+
+Like `use_state`, the setter function supports updater functions for state that depends on the previous value:
+
+```python
+from deephaven import ui
+
+use_shared_counter = ui.create_global_state(0)
+
+
+@ui.component
+def ui_increment_buttons():
+    count, set_count = use_shared_counter()
+
+    def increase_by(n):
+        for _ in range(n):
+            set_count(lambda prev: prev + 1)
+
+    return ui.flex(
+        ui.button("+1", on_press=lambda: increase_by(1)),
+        ui.button("+10", on_press=lambda: increase_by(10)),
+        ui.text(f"Count: {count}"),
+    )
+
+
+buttons = ui_increment_buttons()
+```
+
+When an updater function is passed, it is resolved once using the current store value and the resolved value is broadcast to all subscribers. This ensures all components see the same value regardless of timing.
+
+## Shared filter example
+
+A common use case is sharing filter criteria across multiple views:
+
+```python
+from deephaven import ui, empty_table
+
+use_filter_value = ui.create_global_state(50)
+
+t = empty_table(1000).update(["x = i", "y = Math.sin(i / 10.0) * 100"])
+
+
+@ui.component
+def ui_filter_slider():
+    threshold, set_threshold = use_filter_value()
+    return ui.slider(
+        label=f"Filter threshold: {threshold}",
+        value=threshold,
+        on_change=set_threshold,
+        min_value=0,
+        max_value=100,
+    )
+
+
+@ui.component
+def ui_filtered_table():
+    threshold, _ = use_filter_value()
+    filtered = ui.use_memo(lambda: t.where(f"y > {threshold}"), [threshold])
+    return filtered
+
+
+slider = ui_filter_slider()
+filtered = ui_filtered_table()
+```
+
+## Color theme toggler example
+
+```python
+from deephaven import ui
+
+use_theme = ui.create_global_state("light")
+
+
+@ui.component
+def ui_theme_toggle():
+    theme, set_theme = use_theme()
+    return ui.switch(
+        "Dark mode",
+        is_selected=theme == "dark",
+        on_change=lambda is_dark: set_theme("dark" if is_dark else "light"),
+    )
+
+
+@ui.component
+def ui_themed_card():
+    theme, _ = use_theme()
+    bg = "#1a1a2e" if theme == "dark" else "#ffffff"
+    fg = "#ffffff" if theme == "dark" else "#000000"
+    return ui.view(
+        ui.text(f"Current theme: {theme}"),
+        background_color=bg,
+        color=fg,
+        padding="size-200",
+    )
+
+
+toggle = ui_theme_toggle()
+card = ui_themed_card()
+```
+
+## Cleanup behavior
+
+When all components that subscribe to a shared store unmount (e.g., all panels using the hook are closed), the store automatically resets to the initial value. This prevents stale state from persisting across sessions.
+
+If at least one subscriber remains active, the state is preserved.
+
+## Thread safety
+
+`create_global_state` is thread-safe. Multiple components can safely read and update the shared state concurrently. State updates are serialized internally using a lock.
+
+## API reference
+
+```python skip-test
+use_hook = ui.create_global_state(initial_value)
+```
+
+###### Parameters
+
+| Parameter       | Type | Description                                                 |
+| --------------- | ---- | ----------------------------------------------------------- |
+| `initial_value` | `T`  | The initial value for the shared state. Defaults to `None`. |
+
+###### Returns
+
+| Type                                                                | Description                                                                                                 |
+| ------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| `Callable[[], tuple[T, Callable[[T \| UpdaterFunction[T]], None]]]` | A hook function. When called inside a component, returns a `(value, set_value)` tuple matching `use_state`. |