feat: Add docker containers for dedicated languages

[dlg1206]

What was changed?

Add a series of docker containers that support the dafny cli tool with a container dedicated for each langauge for each language dafny cli supports compiling to.

How has this been tested?

Localized test scripts have been written to test compile in each language.

By submitting this pull request, I confirm that my contribution is made under the terms of the MIT license.

[fabiomadge]

Thank you for contributing to the project! Can you explain the motivation, i.e. who will benefit from this and how? My provisional understanding is that there will be an ongoing maintenance burden (we'd need to figure out how to tests this in CI), while it should be easy enough for users to install the language tools they need.

[dlg1206]

Hi @fabiomadge, happy to contribute! To address your comments:

Can you explain the motivation, i.e. who will benefit from this and how?

Our motivation was to help those first starting out or experimenting with formal verification. The containers include everything they need for a dedicated language, so users do not have to configure their environment or download excessive software just to try Dafny. If they are satisfied, they can continue to use the containers or permanently configure their environments.

My provisional understanding is that there will be an ongoing maintenance burden (we'd need to figure out how to tests this in CI)

We do not build Dafny ourselves; rather, we pull a pinned release that would have passed any CI for cutting a new release. From a maintenance perspective, the DAFNY_VERSION in the base image would have to be updated for each new release. However, I do agree that testing each individual container may increase the maintenance required and require additional CI scripts.