[fix][build] Restore Maven-era async-profiler wiring for integration test images

[void-ptr974]

Motivation

PulsarProfilingTest supports profiling broker-side workloads with async-profiler. This support existed in the Maven-based workflow, where the build could install async-profiler into the test images and pass the profiler options to the integration test JVM.

After the Gradle migration, the same async-profiler wiring was no longer available through the Gradle build. This PR backports the Maven-era async-profiler wiring to Gradle. It does not introduce a new profiling mode; it restores the existing profiling workflow for the Gradle build.

Modifications

• Ported the Maven-era docker.install.asyncprofiler option to :tests:java-test-image:dockerBuild.
• Ported the Maven-era docker.install.asyncprofiler option to :tests:latest-version-image:dockerBuild.
• Updated the async-profiler installed into the test images to 4.4.
• Ported the Maven-era integration test profiler properties to the integrationTest JVM:
  • inttest.asyncprofiler.dir
  • inttest.asyncprofiler.opts
  • inttest.asyncprofiler.outputformat
  • git.commit.id.abbrev
  • build.timestamp
• Kept the existing PulsarContainer defaults for optional profiler settings when the matching Gradle properties are not provided.
• Updated PulsarProfilingTest usage comments to use the Gradle Docker image build task and --tests.

Usage

Build the test image with async-profiler installed:

./gradlew :tests:java-test-image:dockerBuild \
  -Pdocker.install.asyncprofiler=true \
  -Pdocker.wolfi

Run the profiling integration test:

export PULSAR_TEST_IMAGE_NAME=apachepulsar/java-test-image:latest
export ENABLE_MANUAL_TEST=true
export NETTY_LEAK_DETECTION=off

./gradlew :tests:integration:integrationTest \
  --tests org.apache.pulsar.tests.integration.profiling.PulsarProfilingTest \
  -PtestRetryCount=0 \
  -Pinttest.asyncprofiler.dir=/tmp/pulsar-profiles \
  -Pinttest.asyncprofiler.outputformat=jfr

The profiler output is written to the directory configured by inttest.asyncprofiler.dir.

Verifying this change

• Make sure that the change passes the CI checks.

This change can be verified with the existing profiling integration test workflow:

• ./gradlew :tests:integration:compileTestJava :tests:integration:checkstyleTest --no-configuration-cache
• ./gradlew :tests:java-test-image:dockerBuild -Pdocker.install.asyncprofiler=true -Pdocker.wolfi
• ./gradlew :tests:latest-version-image:dockerBuild -Pdocker.install.asyncprofiler=true -Pdocker.wolfi
• Verified that explicitly provided profiler Gradle properties are passed to the integrationTest JVM.
• Verified that both generated test images contain async-profiler 4.4.
• Verified that PulsarProfilingTest.runPulsarPerf passes with ENABLE_MANUAL_TEST=true.
• Verified that the broker JVM starts with the async-profiler -agentpath option.
• Verified that the test generates a non-empty .jfr file readable by jfr summary.

Does this pull request potentially affect one of the following parts:

• Dependencies (add or upgrade a dependency)
• The public API
• The schema
• The default values of configurations
• The threading model
• The binary protocol
• The REST endpoints
• The admin CLI options
• The metrics
• Anything that affects deployment

[lhotari]

Verified that both generated test images contain async-profiler 4.1.

async-profiler should be upgraded to 4.4 version
https://github.com/async-profiler/async-profiler/releases/tag/v4.4