HDDS-14415. Bump Go builder for csc to 1.26 and pin gocsi to v1.2.2

[chihsuan]

What changes were proposed in this pull request?

Update the Go builder stage for csc from golang:1.17.8-buster to golang:1.26-bookworm:

• Go 1.17 is no longer supported (release policy); 1.26 is the current stable release.
• Debian 10 (buster) reached end-of-life on June 30, 2024.

Also pin gocsi to v1.2.2 (the version @latest currently resolves to) instead of @latest, to avoid unexpected version changes, similar to #45.

Note: the goofys part of the Jira was already handled by HDDS-13446 (goofys was replaced with mountpoint-s3).

https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/HDDS-14415

How was this patch tested?

CI:
https://github.com/chihsuan/ozone-docker-runner/actions/runs/30063730470

$ docker run -it --rm ghcr.io/chihsuan/ozone-runner:bdb358de7231f85c92c98ad169af17266dd54f07 csc
To use Ozone please mount ozone folder to /opt/hadoop
NAME
    csc -- a command line container storage interface (CSI) client

SYNOPSIS
    csc [flags] CMD

AVAILABLE COMMANDS
    controller
    identity
    node

[adoroszlai]

Thanks @chihsuan for the patch.