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| title: ACP v2 is available in Draft | ||
| sidebarTitle: ACP v2 Draft | ||
| description: The ACP v2 protocol documentation and schema are published in draft form for review and testing. | ||
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| import { Author } from "/snippets/author.jsx"; | ||
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| **Published:** July 15, 2026 | ||
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| Today is a day the ACP team has been working towards for months, and we are excited to share the **first Draft of version 2 of the Agent Client Protocol**. | ||
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| Since releasing v1, we have been able to leverage the future-compatible nature of the protocol and our [RFD process](/rfds) to ship **15+ RFDs** and their related features. A huge thank you to everyone who made this possible, and also proof that we can evolve the protocol rapidly without needing to a huge migration every few months. | ||
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| However, it also became clear while working with v1 that **some** breaking changes would unlock new use cases and features that are hard to express in the protocol as it is today. v2 is all about making it possible to express more session states, consolidating on patterns we have found useful, and overall making everything more consistent. | ||
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| The goal was to avoid cramming as much as possible into a v2 and it never landing. So we are relying on our [RFD process](/rfds), that already worked so well in v1, to guide new features landing in both v1 and v2 as we move forward, and keep this release tightly focused on changing several core behaviors. If there is a new feature you really want, but don't see here, that doesn't mean it won't be added. We just wanted to decouple the release cadence for features that would remain optional or additive anyway. | ||
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| Our core design goal remains to provide as much freedom as possible to both agents and clients in their implementations, and agree on the semantically meaningful parts we need in order to do so. v2 enables allows even more flexibility in how an agent is able to work during a session, and also paves the way for new client patterns as well. | ||
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| ## The Big Themes of v2 | ||
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| ### Moving beyond the turn | ||
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| When we launched ACP v1, most agents happily emitted events only after a user-initiated message and usually stopped once they finished generating. But these days, agents are able to work longer and even orchestrate more and more work in the background. While the ACP v1 spec didn't _prohibit_ `session/updates` from coming outside of the turn, it was a common point of confusion for implementers, who usually wanted to guarantee interaction patterns around the idea of a user-initiated turn, but it is clear that enforcing this actually prevents useful behavior. An agent could be ready to receive new input while background events are happening, but it still wants to provide real-time updates for those as well. If we stick with a turn-focused orientation for prompts, neither sad is happy. | ||
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| If we want to allow for queueing, steering, or receiving updates from work that isn't necessarily initiated by the user, we need to make it clearer that the prompt request/response doesn't own the entire lifecycle of work being done. Now `session/updates` can proceed freely at any point in the session, and a prompt response is the indication that the message was acknowledged by the agent, not the end of the turn. The agent will replay the user message where it inserted it, which also makes it easier for both replay and the potential for multiple clients observing the same session. The agent can indicate when it is "idle", or ready to receive new inputs, allowing the client to indicate readiness, and agents can continue to update the session state in the meantime. | ||
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| This is the biggest change in behavior in v2, but I think allows clients and agents to both represent new interactions and session states. You can read more about this in the [new prompt lifecycle RFD](/rfds/v2/prompt). | ||
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| ### Updating Messages and Streaming Tool Calls | ||
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| Messages, tool calls, terminal output, and plans are patched by stable IDs with uniform semantics: omitted fields stay unchanged, `null` clears, values replace, and chunks append. Message IDs are required as well so that messages can not only stream, but also update and replace in case of redaction or other needs. | ||
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| This was a pattern that was only available for tool calls before, but now is uniformly used across all session items to make things more consistent and flexible. | ||
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| We also applied the message streaming pattern to tool call content, so that tool calls can be streamed in without buffering and resending the entire content over and over. | ||
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| ### Diff Overhaul | ||
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| The `oldText`/`newText` diff is replaced by structured file changes. You can now express add, delete, modify, move, copy, plus binary and non-text cases. Some of these could be inferred in the old structure, but not all, so we've hopefully made it possible to report all changes the agent makes on the filesystem. | ||
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| The agent can also provide an optional `git_patch` for rendering the changes. This can be shown as is, but is also structured enough for clients to do nice diff rendering for text changes as well. | ||
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| ### More flexible permission requests | ||
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| Permission prompts carry their own required `title` and optional `description`, with an extensible `subject` instead of a hard-wired tool call. This also allows us to provide special permission requests for terminal commands or other objects in the future. And decoupling the `title` and `description` from the tool call's title and content makes it possible to provide more context to the user making the decision without accidentally overriding the tool call itself. | ||
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| ### Forward compatibility by default | ||
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| One of the big goals in v1 was to make ACP extensible, which has been hugely successful. So many of you have built amazing features using these mechanisms, several of which have been upstreamed to the protocol itself. | ||
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| v2 now makes it possible to extend at just about every layer you can think of to allow for more experimentation or extension points when building tooling on top. | ||
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| Enum-like values across the schema accept unknown variants with a `_` prefix for implementation-specific extensions. This builds on the successful pattern we added for session config options and embeds it right in the schema. This makes sure new features don't cause older client and agents to choke on unknown nested data, and provides patterns for extending even more parts of the protocol where needed. | ||
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| ## Draft status | ||
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| **v2 is a Draft**. I personally went through every single line of the schema at least once, if not more, and I think it is in a solid state to start testing. **However, various pieces can, and will, change before stabilization.** That is the point of the draft stage: to receive feedback before we stabilize it. | ||
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| As you start implementing it, gate your implementation behind the version negotiation **AND** feature flags. Don't ship it by default in production until we are closer to stabilization. If we're lucky, not much will need to change between now and then. But we also want to avoid causing pain for users while we all navigate the necessary changes. | ||
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| Adding v2 support should not mean dropping v1. v1-only peers will remain common for some time, so implementers should support both versions side by side. We are working on making this easier to express in the various SDKs. | ||
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| A majority of the types haven't changed between versions, but if you maintain an Agent, Client, or SDK, the [migration guide](/protocol/v2/migration) walks through the key changes you need to know with before/after examples. | ||
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| ## Where to start | ||
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| - Read the [v2 protocol docs](/protocol/v2/overview) and the [migration guide](/protocol/v2/migration). | ||
| - SDK authors can generate against the v2 JSON schemas, published in the repository releases as `v2.0.0-alphaX` alongside v1. | ||
| - The [v2 RFD collection](/rfds/v2/overview) records the key decisions behind the larger changes. | ||
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| ## We want your feedback | ||
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| This is exactly the moment where feedback has the most leverage. If something in v2 doesn't work for your implementation, tell us before it stabilizes: open an issue or discussion on [GitHub](https://github.com/agentclientprotocol/agent-client-protocol), or engage with the individual RFDs through the [RFD process](/rfds). | ||
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| I firmly believe v2 provides a much better foundation for us to build on. It incorporates all of the learnings we've gained in the past year, consolidates on some common patterns, and allows for much more flexibility as we all build our agentic future together. | ||
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| Overall, I am astounded by how many of you have been using ACP to build your agents, clients, and just about everything else you can imagine. It is a big tent, and every new use case or app that adopts it brings me joy. Your creativity keeps us going, and I am excited to see what you all can do with v2. | ||
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| <Author | ||
| name="Ben Brandt" | ||
| role="Zed Industries / ACP Lead Maintainer" | ||
| github="https://github.com/benbrandt" | ||
| /> | ||
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"without needing a huge"