feat(geometry): add line segment intersection utility

[nickzerjeski]

Description

Add a dedicated geometry utility for line segment intersection.

Fixes #6856

Changes

• Added LineIntersection utility with:
  • intersects(...) for segment intersection checks (including endpoint touching / collinear checks)
  • intersectionPoint(...) to compute a unique geometric intersection point for non-parallel segments
• Added LineIntersectionTest coverage for:
  • crossing segments
  • parallel non-intersecting segments
  • endpoint touching segments
  • collinear overlap (non-unique intersection point)

Validation

• mvn -q -Dtest=LineIntersectionTest test

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

❌ Patch coverage is 73.17073% with 11 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.
✅ Project coverage is 79.50%. Comparing base (1edf319) to head (481c2d0).

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
...a/com/thealgorithms/geometry/LineIntersection.java	73.17%	4 Missing and 7 partials ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff            @@
##             master    #7376   +/-   ##
=========================================
  Coverage     79.50%   79.50%           
- Complexity     7142     7161   +19     
=========================================
  Files           796      797    +1     
  Lines         23368    23409   +41     
  Branches       4596     4603    +7     
=========================================
+ Hits          18578    18612   +34     
- Misses         4050     4053    +3     
- Partials        740      744    +4     

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[Copilot]

Pull request overview

This PR primarily introduces a new geometry utility for 2D line segment intersection checks and (when uniquely defined) intersection point calculation, along with dedicated unit tests. It also adds additional null-input tests for IterativeBinarySearch, which appears unrelated to the PR’s stated geometry scope.

Changes:

• Added LineIntersection utility with intersects(...) and intersectionPoint(...).
• Added LineIntersectionTest covering several intersection scenarios.
• Added IterativeBinarySearchTest coverage for null array / null key behavior.

Reviewed changes

Copilot reviewed 3 out of 3 changed files in this pull request and generated 5 comments.

File	Description
src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/geometry/LineIntersection.java	New segment intersection utility and intersection-point computation.
src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/geometry/LineIntersectionTest.java	New unit tests for the new geometry utility.
src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/searches/IterativeBinarySearchTest.java	Added tests for null input handling in iterative binary search.

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