Add modular square root calculation for prime modulus ConstMontyForm

[andrewwhitehead]

This implements a new macro, const_prime_monty_params! as an alternative to const_monty_params! for a prime modulus. The resulting ConstMontyForm values support a sqrt method, calculating the modular square root (if it exists). Support for MontyForm is possible, but it would not be very ergonomic as the PrimeParams would need to be passed around separately.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

❌ Patch coverage is 98.23009% with 6 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.
✅ Project coverage is 86.99%. Comparing base (9689384) to head (263a7df).
⚠️ Report is 21 commits behind head on master.

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
src/modular/prime_params.rs	95.27%	6 Missing ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##           master    #1139      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   86.72%   86.99%   +0.27%     
==========================================
  Files         182      185       +3     
  Lines       20390    20729     +339     
==========================================
+ Hits        17683    18034     +351     
+ Misses       2707     2695      -12     

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[andrewwhitehead]

This is really only in draft because I thought there might be debate about the macro naming or other aspects, I can mark it for review

[tarcieri]

Would be nice to get it into a release, especially as it could be useful for primefield to replace the implementation there