Add an example for DateTime

Author: urbytes21

CMakeLists.txt

@@ -172,6 +172,8 @@ set(APP_SOURCES
     "src/core/overloading/AssignmentOperator.cpp"
     "src/core/overloading/ClassMemberAccessOperator.cpp"
     "src/core/overloading/AllocationOperator.cpp"
+    ## Date and Time
+    "src/core/datetime/CTime.cpp"
 )
 
 # Test files

src/core/datetime/CTime.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+#include <iostream>
+#include "ExampleRegistry.h"
+
+#include <ctime>
+
+namespace {
+void run() {
+  // **1. Get the current timestamp**
+  std::time_t now = time(NULL);
+  const auto* ts = ctime(&now);
+  std::cout << "Current time: " << ts << '\n';
+
+  // **2. Create the dt structure**
+  struct tm datetime = *localtime(&now);
+  std::cout << "Year: " << datetime.tm_year + 1900 << '\n';
+  std::cout << "Current time stamp: " << mktime(&datetime) << '\n';
+
+  // **3. Formatting**
+  char output[50];
+  strftime(output, 50, "%B %e, %Y", &datetime);
+  std::cout << output << "\n";
+  strftime(output, 50, "%I:%M:%S %p", &datetime);
+  std::cout << output << "\n";
+  strftime(output, 50, "%m/%d/%y", &datetime);
+  std::cout << output << "\n";
+  strftime(output, 50, "%a %b %e %H:%M:%S %Y", &datetime);
+  std::cout << output << "\n";
+}
+}  // namespace
+
+class CTime : public IExample {
+ public:
+  std::string group() const override { return "core/datetime"; }
+  std::string name() const override { return "CTime"; }
+  std::string description() const override { return ""; }
+  void execute() override { run(); }
+};
+
+REGISTER_EXAMPLE(CTime, "core/datetime", "CTime");

src/core/datetime/REAME.md

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+# Date and Time
+- <ctime> : provides functions and types to work with date and time values including parsing and formatting (inherited from C)
+
+- <chrono>: provides facilities to deal with the duration time points and clocks (std11), it is more modern and type-safe approach
+
+## ctime
+- Data Types:
+  - `time_t`: for timestamps
+  - `struct tm`: for datetime structes 
+  - Use `mktime()` to convert struct tm to time_t, and `localtime()` and `gmtime()` for vice versa
+- `strftime()` format:
+>%a	Short representation of the weekday	Fri
+%b	Short representation of the month name	Dec
+%B	Full representation of the month name	December
+%d	Day of the month with leading zero	09
+%e	Day of the month with leading spaces	 9
+%H	24-hour format of an hour	14
+%I	12-hour format of an hour	02
+%M	Minutes within an hour	30
+%p	AM or PM	PM
+%S	Seconds within a minute	01
+%y	2-digit year representation	23
+%Y	4-digit year representation	2023