diff --git a/buildpack/spring-boot-buildpack-platform/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/buildpack/platform/docker/ExportedImageTar.java b/buildpack/spring-boot-buildpack-platform/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/buildpack/platform/docker/ExportedImageTar.java
index 776593c22283..607f11632041 100644
--- a/buildpack/spring-boot-buildpack-platform/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/buildpack/platform/docker/ExportedImageTar.java
+++ b/buildpack/spring-boot-buildpack-platform/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/buildpack/platform/docker/ExportedImageTar.java
@@ -63,9 +63,20 @@ class ExportedImageTar implements Closeable {
 	private final LayerArchiveFactory layerArchiveFactory;
 
 	ExportedImageTar(ImageReference reference, InputStream inputStream) throws IOException {
-		this.tarFile = Files.createTempFile("docker-layers-", null);
-		Files.copy(inputStream, this.tarFile, StandardCopyOption.REPLACE_EXISTING);
-		this.layerArchiveFactory = LayerArchiveFactory.create(reference, this.tarFile);
+		this.tarFile = Files.createTempFile("docker-layers-", ".tar");
+		try (inputStream) {
+			Files.copy(inputStream, this.tarFile, StandardCopyOption.REPLACE_EXISTING);
+			this.layerArchiveFactory = LayerArchiveFactory.create(reference, this.tarFile);
+		}
+		catch (IOException | RuntimeException ex) {
+			try {
+				Files.deleteIfExists(this.tarFile);
+			}
+			catch (IOException suppressed) {
+				ex.addSuppressed(suppressed);
+			}
+			throw ex;
+		}
 	}
 
 	void exportLayers(IOBiConsumer<String, TarArchive> exports) throws IOException {
diff --git a/buildpack/spring-boot-buildpack-platform/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/buildpack/platform/docker/ExportedImageTarTests.java b/buildpack/spring-boot-buildpack-platform/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/buildpack/platform/docker/ExportedImageTarTests.java
index 5f306b2d4322..daf3f6422ff7 100644
--- a/buildpack/spring-boot-buildpack-platform/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/buildpack/platform/docker/ExportedImageTarTests.java
+++ b/buildpack/spring-boot-buildpack-platform/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/buildpack/platform/docker/ExportedImageTarTests.java
@@ -16,9 +16,19 @@
 
 package org.springframework.boot.buildpack.platform.docker;
 
+import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.InputStream;
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.stream.Collectors;
+import java.util.stream.Stream;
 
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
 import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
 import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.ValueSource;
 
@@ -26,6 +36,9 @@
 import org.springframework.boot.buildpack.platform.io.TarArchive.Compression;
 
 import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
+import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThatIllegalStateException;
+import static org.mockito.BDDMockito.then;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.spy;
 
 /**
  * Tests for {@link ExportedImageTar}.
@@ -40,9 +53,15 @@ class ExportedImageTarTests {
 			"export-docker-desktop-containerd-manifest-list.tar", "export-docker-engine.tar", "export-podman.tar",
 			"export-docker-desktop-nested-index.tar", "export-docker-desktop-containerd-alt-mediatype.tar" })
 	void test(String tarFile) throws Exception {
+		List<Path> temporaryDockerLayersTarFilesBefore = scanTemporaryDockerLayersTarFiles();
 		ImageReference reference = ImageReference.of("test:latest");
-		try (ExportedImageTar exportedImageTar = new ExportedImageTar(reference,
-				getClass().getResourceAsStream(tarFile))) {
+		Path temporaryDockerFile;
+		InputStream inputStream = spy(Objects.requireNonNull(getClass().getResourceAsStream(tarFile)));
+		try (ExportedImageTar exportedImageTar = new ExportedImageTar(reference, inputStream)) {
+			List<Path> temporaryDockerLayersTarFilesCurrent = scanTemporaryDockerLayersTarFiles();
+			temporaryDockerLayersTarFilesCurrent.removeAll(temporaryDockerLayersTarFilesBefore);
+			assertThat(temporaryDockerLayersTarFilesCurrent).hasSize(1);
+			temporaryDockerFile = temporaryDockerLayersTarFilesCurrent.get(0);
 			Compression expectedCompression = (!tarFile.contains("containerd")) ? Compression.NONE : Compression.GZIP;
 			String expectedName = (expectedCompression != Compression.GZIP)
 					? "5caae51697b248b905dca1a4160864b0e1a15c300981736555cdce6567e8d477"
@@ -54,6 +73,30 @@ void test(String tarFile) throws Exception {
 			});
 			assertThat(names).filteredOn((name) -> name.contains(expectedName)).isNotEmpty();
 		}
+		then(inputStream).should().close();
+		assertThat(temporaryDockerFile).doesNotExist();
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	void constructorWhenTarHasNoIndexOrManifestDeletesTempFile() throws IOException {
+		List<Path> temporaryDockerLayersTarFilesBefore = scanTemporaryDockerLayersTarFiles();
+		ImageReference reference = ImageReference.of("test:latest");
+		InputStream notATarFile = spy(new ByteArrayInputStream("not-a-tar-file".getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8)));
+		assertThatIllegalStateException().isThrownBy(() -> new ExportedImageTar(reference, notATarFile))
+			.withMessageContaining("does not contain 'index.json' or 'manifest.json'");
+		then(notATarFile).should().close();
+		assertThat(scanTemporaryDockerLayersTarFiles()).containsOnlyOnceElementsOf(temporaryDockerLayersTarFilesBefore)
+			.hasSize(temporaryDockerLayersTarFilesBefore.size());
+	}
+
+	private static List<Path> scanTemporaryDockerLayersTarFiles() throws IOException {
+		Path tempDir = Path.of(System.getProperty("java.io.tmpdir"));
+		try (Stream<Path> stream = Files.list(tempDir)) {
+			return stream.filter(Files::isRegularFile).filter((candidate) -> {
+				String filename = candidate.getFileName().toString();
+				return filename.startsWith("docker-layers") && filename.endsWith(".tar");
+			}).collect(Collectors.toCollection(ArrayList::new));
+		}
 	}
 
 }