27_args_kwargs.py

#======================================================================================
#                              *Args & **Kwargs
#======================================================================================

#--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 1) *args allows a function to accept any number of positional arguments
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Important Points:
#------------------
#   args is a tuple.
#   Can receive 0, 1 or many positional arguments.
#   The name args is conventional; any name works
#-------------------
# When to use *args:
#-------------------
#   When you pass similar values
#       ex:(1,2,3,4,5)
#       ex:('alex', 'alice', 'nora', 'omar', 'leo')
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
def total(*args):
    print(type(args))
    print(args)
    print(sum(args))

total(10,20,30,40,)
total(1,2,3)
print()

#--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 2) **kwargs allows a function to accept any number of keyword arguments
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Important Points:
#------------------
#   kwargs is a dictionary.
#   Stores data as key-value pairs.
#   Can receive any number of keyword arguments.
#   The name kwargs is conventional; any name works
#----------------------
# When to use **kwargs
#----------------------
#   When you pass different types of values
#       ex:('alex', 25, 'alex@gmail.com', 10.11.2024')
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
def create_user(**kwargs):
    print(type(kwargs))
    print(kwargs)

create_user(name = 'Dhoni', role='Batter/Wicket Keeper', country='India')
create_user(name='Virat Kholi', role='Batter', country="India")

# Memory Trick
# *args --> Collects multiple positional arguments into a tuple.
# **kwargs --> Collects multiple keyword arguments into a  dictionary

# Difference between *args and **kwargs
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#   Feature     |    *args                 |  **kwargs
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#   Accepts     |    Positional arguments  |  Keyword arguments
#   Data Type   |    Tuple                 |  Dictionary
#   Symbol      |    *                     |  **
#   Example     |    add(1,2,3)            |  show(name='john', age=23)
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
print()
# Using Both Together
def demo(*args, **kwargs):
    print(args)
    print(kwargs)

demo('a', 'b', 5, 10, name='John', age=30, country='USA')