diff --git a/packages/filesystem/error.ts b/packages/filesystem/error.ts
index 67b744da0..f6bcd1f53 100644
--- a/packages/filesystem/error.ts
+++ b/packages/filesystem/error.ts
@@ -21,3 +21,68 @@ export class WarpNetworkError {
 export function isNetworkError(error: any): error is WarpNetworkError {
   return error instanceof WarpNetworkError;
 }
+
+export type FileSystemProvider = "googledrive" | "onedrive" | "dropbox" | "baidu" | "webdav" | "s3" | "zip";
+
+export type FileSystemErrorOptions = {
+  provider: FileSystemProvider;
+  message: string;
+  status?: number;
+  code?: string;
+  retryable?: boolean;
+  conflict?: boolean;
+  auth?: boolean;
+  notFound?: boolean;
+  rateLimit?: boolean;
+  raw?: unknown;
+};
+
+export class FileSystemError extends Error {
+  provider: FileSystemProvider;
+
+  status?: number;
+
+  code?: string;
+
+  retryable: boolean;
+
+  conflict: boolean;
+
+  auth: boolean;
+
+  notFound: boolean;
+
+  rateLimit: boolean;
+
+  raw?: unknown;
+
+  constructor(options: FileSystemErrorOptions) {
+    super(options.message);
+    this.name = "FileSystemError";
+    this.provider = options.provider;
+    this.status = options.status;
+    this.code = options.code;
+    this.retryable = options.retryable ?? false;
+    this.conflict = options.conflict ?? false;
+    this.auth = options.auth ?? false;
+    this.notFound = options.notFound ?? false;
+    this.rateLimit = options.rateLimit ?? false;
+    this.raw = options.raw;
+  }
+}
+
+export function isNotFoundError(error: unknown): error is FileSystemError {
+  return error instanceof FileSystemError && error.notFound;
+}
+
+export function isConflictError(error: unknown): error is FileSystemError {
+  return error instanceof FileSystemError && error.conflict;
+}
+
+export function isRateLimitError(error: unknown): error is FileSystemError {
+  return error instanceof FileSystemError && error.rateLimit;
+}
+
+export function isAuthError(error: unknown): error is FileSystemError | WarpTokenError {
+  return error instanceof FileSystemError ? error.auth : isWarpTokenError(error);
+}
diff --git a/packages/filesystem/googledrive/googledrive.test.ts b/packages/filesystem/googledrive/googledrive.test.ts
index ccd276a92..2f08656bb 100644
--- a/packages/filesystem/googledrive/googledrive.test.ts
+++ b/packages/filesystem/googledrive/googledrive.test.ts
@@ -1,9 +1,31 @@
-import { beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
+import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
+import { LocalStorageDAO } from "@App/app/repo/localStorage";
+import { FileSystemError, isAuthError, isConflictError, isNotFoundError, isRateLimitError } from "../error";
 import GoogleDriveFileSystem from "./googledrive";
 
+function createMockResponse(options: { ok?: boolean; status?: number; text?: string; json?: any }): Response {
+  const { ok = true, status = 200, text = "", json = {} } = options;
+  return {
+    ok,
+    status,
+    text: vi.fn().mockResolvedValue(text),
+    json: vi.fn().mockResolvedValue(json),
+    headers: new Headers(),
+  } as unknown as Response;
+}
+
 describe("GoogleDriveFileSystem", () => {
-  beforeEach(() => {
+  const localStorageDAO = new LocalStorageDAO();
+  let originalFetch: typeof fetch;
+
+  beforeEach(async () => {
     vi.clearAllMocks();
+    await chrome.storage.local.clear();
+    originalFetch = globalThis.fetch;
+  });
+
+  afterEach(() => {
+    vi.stubGlobal("fetch", originalFetch);
   });
 
   it("delete should be idempotent when file id is missing", async () => {
@@ -59,4 +81,195 @@ describe("GoogleDriveFileSystem", () => {
     expect(findSpy).toHaveBeenCalledWith("file.txt", "base-id");
     expect(requestSpy).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
   });
+
+  it("request should return retry result after token refresh", async () => {
+    await localStorageDAO.saveValue("netdisk:token:googledrive", {
+      accessToken: "expired-token",
+      refreshToken: "refresh-token",
+      createtime: Date.now(),
+    });
+
+    const fs = new GoogleDriveFileSystem("/", "expired-token");
+    const fetchMock = vi
+      .fn()
+      .mockResolvedValueOnce(
+        createMockResponse({
+          ok: false,
+          status: 401,
+          text: JSON.stringify({
+            error: {
+              code: 401,
+              message: "Invalid Credentials",
+              status: "UNAUTHENTICATED",
+            },
+          }),
+        })
+      )
+      .mockResolvedValueOnce({
+        json: vi.fn().mockResolvedValue({
+          code: 0,
+          data: {
+            token: {
+              access_token: "fresh-token",
+              refresh_token: "fresh-refresh-token",
+            },
+          },
+        }),
+      } as unknown as Response)
+      .mockResolvedValueOnce(
+        createMockResponse({
+          json: {
+            files: [{ id: "ok" }],
+          },
+        })
+      );
+    vi.stubGlobal("fetch", fetchMock);
+
+    const data = await fs.request("https://www.googleapis.com/drive/v3/files");
+
+    expect(data.files).toHaveLength(1);
+    expect(fetchMock).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(3);
+  });
+
+  it("request should throw auth error when retry still gets 401", async () => {
+    await localStorageDAO.saveValue("netdisk:token:googledrive", {
+      accessToken: "expired-token",
+      refreshToken: "refresh-token",
+      createtime: Date.now(),
+    });
+
+    const fs = new GoogleDriveFileSystem("/", "expired-token");
+    vi.stubGlobal(
+      "fetch",
+      vi
+        .fn()
+        .mockResolvedValueOnce(createMockResponse({ ok: false, status: 401, text: "expired" }))
+        .mockResolvedValueOnce({
+          json: vi.fn().mockResolvedValue({
+            code: 0,
+            data: {
+              token: {
+                access_token: "fresh-token",
+                refresh_token: "fresh-refresh-token",
+              },
+            },
+          }),
+        } as unknown as Response)
+        .mockResolvedValueOnce(createMockResponse({ ok: false, status: 401, text: "still expired" }))
+    );
+
+    try {
+      await fs.request("https://www.googleapis.com/drive/v3/files");
+      throw new Error("Expected request to fail");
+    } catch (error) {
+      expect(error).toBeInstanceOf(FileSystemError);
+      expect(isAuthError(error)).toBe(true);
+      expect(error).toMatchObject({
+        provider: "googledrive",
+        status: 401,
+        auth: true,
+      });
+    }
+  });
+
+  it("request should throw typed not found error", async () => {
+    const fs = new GoogleDriveFileSystem("/", "token");
+    vi.stubGlobal(
+      "fetch",
+      vi.fn().mockResolvedValueOnce(
+        createMockResponse({
+          ok: false,
+          status: 404,
+          text: JSON.stringify({
+            error: {
+              code: 404,
+              message: "File not found",
+              status: "NOT_FOUND",
+            },
+          }),
+        })
+      )
+    );
+
+    try {
+      await fs.request("https://www.googleapis.com/drive/v3/files/missing");
+      throw new Error("Expected request to fail");
+    } catch (error) {
+      expect(error).toBeInstanceOf(FileSystemError);
+      expect(isNotFoundError(error)).toBe(true);
+      expect(error).toMatchObject({
+        provider: "googledrive",
+        status: 404,
+        code: "NOT_FOUND",
+        notFound: true,
+      });
+    }
+  });
+
+  it.each([409, 412])("request should throw typed conflict error for status %s", async (status) => {
+    const fs = new GoogleDriveFileSystem("/", "token");
+    vi.stubGlobal(
+      "fetch",
+      vi.fn().mockResolvedValueOnce(
+        createMockResponse({
+          ok: false,
+          status,
+          text: JSON.stringify({
+            error: {
+              code: status,
+              message: "Conflict",
+              status: status === 409 ? "ABORTED" : "FAILED_PRECONDITION",
+            },
+          }),
+        })
+      )
+    );
+
+    try {
+      await fs.request("https://www.googleapis.com/drive/v3/files/conflict");
+      throw new Error("Expected request to fail");
+    } catch (error) {
+      expect(error).toBeInstanceOf(FileSystemError);
+      expect(isConflictError(error)).toBe(true);
+      expect(error).toMatchObject({
+        provider: "googledrive",
+        status,
+        conflict: true,
+      });
+    }
+  });
+
+  it("request should throw typed rate-limit error", async () => {
+    const fs = new GoogleDriveFileSystem("/", "token");
+    vi.stubGlobal(
+      "fetch",
+      vi.fn().mockResolvedValueOnce(
+        createMockResponse({
+          ok: false,
+          status: 429,
+          text: JSON.stringify({
+            error: {
+              code: 429,
+              message: "Quota exceeded",
+              status: "RESOURCE_EXHAUSTED",
+            },
+          }),
+        })
+      )
+    );
+
+    try {
+      await fs.request("https://www.googleapis.com/drive/v3/files");
+      throw new Error("Expected request to fail");
+    } catch (error) {
+      expect(error).toBeInstanceOf(FileSystemError);
+      expect(isRateLimitError(error)).toBe(true);
+      expect(error).toMatchObject({
+        provider: "googledrive",
+        status: 429,
+        retryable: true,
+        rateLimit: true,
+      });
+    }
+  });
 });
diff --git a/packages/filesystem/googledrive/googledrive.ts b/packages/filesystem/googledrive/googledrive.ts
index fc3821787..27b4cfb57 100644
--- a/packages/filesystem/googledrive/googledrive.ts
+++ b/packages/filesystem/googledrive/googledrive.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { AuthVerify } from "../auth";
+import { FileSystemError } from "../error";
 import type FileSystem from "../filesystem";
 import type { FileInfo, FileCreateOptions, FileReader, FileWriter } from "../filesystem";
 import { joinPath } from "../utils";
@@ -115,6 +116,48 @@ export default class GoogleDriveFileSystem implements FileSystem {
     };
   }
 
+  private createRequestError(raw: unknown, status?: number): FileSystemError {
+    const errorBody =
+      raw && typeof raw === "object" && "error" in raw ? (raw as { error?: Record<string, unknown> }).error : undefined;
+    const googleStatus = typeof errorBody?.code === "number" ? errorBody.code : status;
+    const code =
+      typeof errorBody?.status === "string"
+        ? errorBody.status
+        : typeof errorBody?.code === "number"
+          ? String(errorBody.code)
+          : undefined;
+    const message =
+      typeof errorBody?.message === "string"
+        ? errorBody.message
+        : typeof raw === "string" && raw
+          ? raw
+          : `Google Drive request failed${googleStatus ? ` with status ${googleStatus}` : ""}`;
+
+    return new FileSystemError({
+      provider: "googledrive",
+      message,
+      status: googleStatus,
+      code,
+      auth: googleStatus === 401,
+      notFound: googleStatus === 404,
+      conflict: googleStatus === 409 || googleStatus === 412,
+      rateLimit: googleStatus === 429,
+      retryable: googleStatus === 429 || (googleStatus !== undefined && googleStatus >= 500),
+      raw,
+    });
+  }
+
+  private async createResponseError(resp: Response): Promise<FileSystemError> {
+    const text = await resp.text();
+    let raw;
+    try {
+      raw = text ? JSON.parse(text) : "";
+    } catch {
+      raw = text;
+    }
+    return this.createRequestError(raw, resp.status);
+  }
+
   request(url: string, config?: RequestInit, nothen?: boolean) {
     config = config || {};
     const headers = <Headers>config.headers || new Headers();
@@ -141,7 +184,7 @@ export default class GoogleDriveFileSystem implements FileSystem {
           resp = await retryWithFreshToken();
         }
         if (!resp.ok) {
-          throw new Error(await resp.text());
+          throw await this.createResponseError(resp);
         }
         return resp.json();
       })
@@ -152,18 +195,18 @@ export default class GoogleDriveFileSystem implements FileSystem {
             return retryWithFreshToken()
               .then(async (retryResp) => {
                 if (!retryResp.ok) {
-                  throw new Error(await retryResp.text());
+                  throw await this.createResponseError(retryResp);
                 }
                 return retryResp.json();
               })
               .then((retryData) => {
                 if (retryData.error) {
-                  throw new Error(JSON.stringify(retryData));
+                  throw this.createRequestError(retryData);
                 }
                 return retryData;
               });
           }
-          throw new Error(JSON.stringify(data));
+          throw this.createRequestError(data);
         }
         return data;
       });
diff --git a/packages/filesystem/onedrive/onedrive.test.ts b/packages/filesystem/onedrive/onedrive.test.ts
index b9c1deca4..231135163 100644
--- a/packages/filesystem/onedrive/onedrive.test.ts
+++ b/packages/filesystem/onedrive/onedrive.test.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import OneDriveFileSystem from "./onedrive";
 import { LocalStorageDAO } from "@App/app/repo/localStorage";
+import { FileSystemError, isAuthError, isConflictError, isNotFoundError, isRateLimitError } from "../error";
 
 function createMockResponse(options: { ok?: boolean; status?: number; text?: string; json?: any }): Response {
   const { ok = true, status = 200, text = "", json = {} } = options;
@@ -117,7 +118,16 @@ describe("OneDriveFileSystem", () => {
     const fs = new OneDriveFileSystem("/", "token");
     const requestSpy = vi
       .spyOn(fs, "request")
-      .mockRejectedValueOnce(new Error('{"error":{"code":"nameAlreadyExists"}}'))
+      .mockRejectedValueOnce(
+        new FileSystemError({
+          provider: "onedrive",
+          message: "already exists",
+          status: 409,
+          code: "nameAlreadyExists",
+          conflict: true,
+          raw: { error: { code: "nameAlreadyExists" } },
+        })
+      )
       .mockResolvedValueOnce({});
 
     await expect(fs.createDir("A/B")).resolves.toBeUndefined();
@@ -127,4 +137,147 @@ describe("OneDriveFileSystem", () => {
       name: "B",
     });
   });
+
+  it("request should throw auth error when retry still gets 401", async () => {
+    await localStorageDAO.saveValue("netdisk:token:onedrive", {
+      accessToken: "expired-token",
+      refreshToken: "refresh-token",
+      createtime: Date.now(),
+    });
+
+    const fs = new OneDriveFileSystem("/", "expired-token");
+    vi.stubGlobal(
+      "fetch",
+      vi
+        .fn()
+        .mockResolvedValueOnce(createMockResponse({ ok: false, status: 401, text: "expired" }))
+        .mockResolvedValueOnce({
+          json: vi.fn().mockResolvedValue({
+            code: 0,
+            data: {
+              token: {
+                access_token: "fresh-token",
+                refresh_token: "fresh-refresh-token",
+              },
+            },
+          }),
+        } as unknown as Response)
+        .mockResolvedValueOnce(createMockResponse({ ok: false, status: 401, text: "still expired" }))
+    );
+
+    try {
+      await fs.request("https://graph.microsoft.com/v1.0/me/drive/special/approot/children");
+      throw new Error("Expected request to fail");
+    } catch (error) {
+      expect(error).toBeInstanceOf(FileSystemError);
+      expect(isAuthError(error)).toBe(true);
+      expect(error).toMatchObject({
+        provider: "onedrive",
+        status: 401,
+        auth: true,
+      });
+    }
+  });
+
+  it("request should throw typed not found error", async () => {
+    const fs = new OneDriveFileSystem("/", "token");
+    vi.stubGlobal(
+      "fetch",
+      vi.fn().mockResolvedValueOnce(
+        createMockResponse({
+          ok: false,
+          status: 404,
+          text: JSON.stringify({
+            error: {
+              code: "itemNotFound",
+              message: "Item not found",
+            },
+          }),
+        })
+      )
+    );
+
+    try {
+      await fs.request("https://graph.microsoft.com/v1.0/me/drive/special/approot:/missing");
+      throw new Error("Expected request to fail");
+    } catch (error) {
+      expect(error).toBeInstanceOf(FileSystemError);
+      expect(isNotFoundError(error)).toBe(true);
+      expect(error).toMatchObject({
+        provider: "onedrive",
+        status: 404,
+        code: "itemNotFound",
+        notFound: true,
+      });
+    }
+  });
+
+  it.each([
+    [409, "nameAlreadyExists"],
+    [412, "PreconditionFailed"],
+  ])("request should throw typed conflict error for status %s", async (status, code) => {
+    const fs = new OneDriveFileSystem("/", "token");
+    vi.stubGlobal(
+      "fetch",
+      vi.fn().mockResolvedValueOnce(
+        createMockResponse({
+          ok: false,
+          status,
+          text: JSON.stringify({
+            error: {
+              code,
+              message: "Conflict",
+            },
+          }),
+        })
+      )
+    );
+
+    try {
+      await fs.request("https://graph.microsoft.com/v1.0/me/drive/special/approot:/conflict");
+      throw new Error("Expected request to fail");
+    } catch (error) {
+      expect(error).toBeInstanceOf(FileSystemError);
+      expect(isConflictError(error)).toBe(true);
+      expect(error).toMatchObject({
+        provider: "onedrive",
+        status,
+        code,
+        conflict: true,
+      });
+    }
+  });
+
+  it("request should throw typed rate-limit error", async () => {
+    const fs = new OneDriveFileSystem("/", "token");
+    vi.stubGlobal(
+      "fetch",
+      vi.fn().mockResolvedValueOnce(
+        createMockResponse({
+          ok: false,
+          status: 429,
+          text: JSON.stringify({
+            error: {
+              code: "TooManyRequests",
+              message: "Too many requests",
+            },
+          }),
+        })
+      )
+    );
+
+    try {
+      await fs.request("https://graph.microsoft.com/v1.0/me/drive/special/approot/children");
+      throw new Error("Expected request to fail");
+    } catch (error) {
+      expect(error).toBeInstanceOf(FileSystemError);
+      expect(isRateLimitError(error)).toBe(true);
+      expect(error).toMatchObject({
+        provider: "onedrive",
+        status: 429,
+        retryable: true,
+        rateLimit: true,
+      });
+    }
+  });
 });
diff --git a/packages/filesystem/onedrive/onedrive.ts b/packages/filesystem/onedrive/onedrive.ts
index 0a0f686b1..3a2bef2b0 100644
--- a/packages/filesystem/onedrive/onedrive.ts
+++ b/packages/filesystem/onedrive/onedrive.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { AuthVerify } from "../auth";
+import { FileSystemError } from "../error";
 import type { FileInfo, FileCreateOptions, FileReader, FileWriter } from "../filesystem";
 import type FileSystem from "../filesystem";
 import { joinPath } from "../utils";
@@ -72,10 +73,58 @@ export default class OneDriveFileSystem implements FileSystem {
   }
 
   private isDirectoryAlreadyExistsError(error: unknown): boolean {
+    if (error instanceof FileSystemError && error.conflict) {
+      return true;
+    }
     const msg = String(error);
     return msg.includes("nameAlreadyExists") || msg.includes("itemAlreadyExists");
   }
 
+  private createRequestError(raw: unknown, status?: number): FileSystemError {
+    const errorBody =
+      raw && typeof raw === "object" && "error" in raw ? (raw as { error?: Record<string, unknown> }).error : undefined;
+    const code = typeof errorBody?.code === "string" ? errorBody.code : undefined;
+    const message =
+      typeof errorBody?.message === "string"
+        ? errorBody.message
+        : typeof raw === "string" && raw
+          ? raw
+          : `OneDrive request failed${status ? ` with status ${status}` : ""}`;
+    const auth = status === 401 || code === "InvalidAuthenticationToken";
+    const notFound = status === 404 || code === "itemNotFound";
+    const conflict =
+      status === 409 ||
+      status === 412 ||
+      code === "nameAlreadyExists" ||
+      code === "itemAlreadyExists" ||
+      code === "PreconditionFailed";
+    const rateLimit = status === 429;
+
+    return new FileSystemError({
+      provider: "onedrive",
+      message,
+      status,
+      code,
+      auth,
+      notFound,
+      conflict,
+      rateLimit,
+      retryable: rateLimit || (status !== undefined && status >= 500),
+      raw,
+    });
+  }
+
+  private async createResponseError(resp: Response): Promise<FileSystemError> {
+    const text = await resp.text();
+    let raw;
+    try {
+      raw = text ? JSON.parse(text) : "";
+    } catch {
+      raw = text;
+    }
+    return this.createRequestError(raw, resp.status);
+  }
+
   request(url: string, config?: RequestInit, nothen?: boolean): Promise<Response | any> {
     config = config || {};
     const headers = <Headers>config.headers || new Headers();
@@ -106,7 +155,7 @@ export default class OneDriveFileSystem implements FileSystem {
           resp = await retryWithFreshToken();
         }
         if (!resp.ok) {
-          throw new Error(await resp.text());
+          throw await this.createResponseError(resp);
         }
         return resp.json();
       })
@@ -116,18 +165,18 @@ export default class OneDriveFileSystem implements FileSystem {
             return retryWithFreshToken()
               .then(async (retryResp) => {
                 if (!retryResp.ok) {
-                  throw new Error(await retryResp.text());
+                  throw await this.createResponseError(retryResp);
                 }
                 return retryResp.json();
               })
               .then((retryData) => {
                 if (retryData.error) {
-                  throw new Error(JSON.stringify(retryData));
+                  throw this.createRequestError(retryData);
                 }
                 return retryData;
               });
           }
-          throw new Error(JSON.stringify(data));
+          throw this.createRequestError(data);
         }
         return data;
       });