Rendering component with errors causes process to crash

[pmmmwh]

What versions are you using? (if relevant)

@react-email/render@2.0.4

Describe the Bug

Using Node.js, when rendering a component that crashes (e.g. with a TypeError), the error propagates upwards and crashes the whole process.

What is affected (leave empty if unsure)

Render Utility

Link to the code that reproduces this issue

index.ts

import Fastify from "fastify";
import { jsx } from "react/jsx-runtime";

import Template from "./Template.tsx";

const fastify = Fastify();

fastify.get(
  "/render",
  async (request, reply) => {
    try {
      // Intentionally missing a prop to trigger the error
      const html = await render(jsx(Template, {}));
      return await reply.send({ html });
    } catch (err) {
      // This catch block fails to catch the error!!
      request.log.error(err, "Failed to render");
      throw err;
    }
  },
);

try {
  await fastify.listen({
    host: "0.0.0.0",
    port: 3000,
  });
} catch (err) {
  fastify.log.error(err);
  process.exit(1);
}

template.tsx

import { Section, Text } from "@react-email/components";

export default function Template(props) {
  const { test } = props;

  return (
    <Section>
      {/* This line will trigger a `TypeError`, since `test` is not provided as a prop (= undefined) */}
      {test.a && (
        <Text>Test</Text>
      )}
    </Section>
  );
}

package.json

{
  "scripts": {
    "dev": "node --enable-source-maps --import @oxc-node/core/register --watch src/index.ts"
  },
  "dependencies": {
    "@react-email/components": "^1.0.9",
    "@react-email/render": "^2.0.4",
    "fastify": "^5.8.2",
    "react": "^19.0.0",
    "react-dom": "^19.0.0"
  },
  "devDependencies": {
    "@oxc-node/core": "^0.0.35",
    "@types/node": "^24.12.0",
    "@types/react": "^19.2.14",
    "@types/react-dom": "^19.2.3",
    "react-email": "^5.2.9",
    "typescript": "^5.9.3"
  }
}

To Reproduce

Run the server:

npm run dev

Then, hit the /render endpoint.

Expected Behavior

The error should not propagate to root and crash the whole server, and is caught by the catch block instead.

I suspect this is related to these two lines:

react-email/packages/render/src/node/render.tsx

Lines 31 to 32 in 32b0eba

	// Throw immediately when an error occurs to prevent CSR fallback
	throw error;

From local patching and testing, it seems to work as expected if the throw call is swapped for a reject instead - but I do not know if that would cause other side effects.

What's your node version? (if relevant)

24.14.0

[jsardev]

I have a (kinda) similar issue where I run render() and it just silently fails - no error, nothing, all the code after calling render() is not called and I get no errors in application logs 🤔 It's happening within the PayloadCMS stack.