diff --git a/backends/test/harness/tester.py b/backends/test/harness/tester.py
index 1b15a503dae..483579d7265 100644
--- a/backends/test/harness/tester.py
+++ b/backends/test/harness/tester.py
@@ -381,11 +381,16 @@ def _dump_golden_artifacts(
         logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
         os.makedirs(artifact_dir, exist_ok=True)
 
+        def _to_physical_layout(t: torch.Tensor) -> torch.Tensor:
+            # The .bin has to match the dim_order the .pte declares; contiguous()
+            # alone would re-lay a channels_last tensor back to NCHW.
+            return t.detach().permute(t.dim_order()).contiguous()
+
         for i, inp in enumerate(inputs):
             if isinstance(inp, torch.Tensor):
                 suffix = "" if len(inputs) == 1 else f"_{i}"
                 path = os.path.join(artifact_dir, f"{artifact_name}_input{suffix}.bin")
-                inp.detach().contiguous().numpy().tofile(path)
+                _to_physical_layout(inp).numpy().tofile(path)
                 logger.info(f"Saved golden input to {path}")
 
         if isinstance(reference_output, torch.Tensor):
diff --git a/backends/test/harness/tests/test_golden_artifacts.py b/backends/test/harness/tests/test_golden_artifacts.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d869d0291d1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/backends/test/harness/tests/test_golden_artifacts.py
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+import os
+import tempfile
+import unittest
+
+import numpy as np
+import torch
+from executorch.backends.test.harness.tester import Tester
+
+
+class GoldenArtifactTests(unittest.TestCase):
+    def _dump(self, inputs, reference_output):
+        artifact_dir = tempfile.mkdtemp()
+        Tester._dump_golden_artifacts(artifact_dir, "m", inputs, reference_output)
+        return artifact_dir
+
+    def _read(self, artifact_dir, name):
+        return np.fromfile(os.path.join(artifact_dir, name), dtype=np.float32)
+
+    def test_channels_last_input_is_written_as_nhwc(self):
+        x = torch.arange(24, dtype=torch.float32).reshape(1, 3, 2, 4)
+        channels_last = x.to(memory_format=torch.channels_last)
+
+        artifact_dir = self._dump((channels_last,), channels_last)
+
+        self.assertTrue(
+            np.array_equal(
+                self._read(artifact_dir, "m_input.bin"),
+                channels_last.permute(0, 2, 3, 1).reshape(-1).numpy(),
+            )
+        )
+
+    def test_contiguous_input_is_unchanged(self):
+        x = torch.arange(24, dtype=torch.float32).reshape(1, 3, 2, 4)
+
+        artifact_dir = self._dump((x,), x)
+
+        self.assertTrue(
+            np.array_equal(
+                self._read(artifact_dir, "m_input.bin"), x.reshape(-1).numpy()
+            )
+        )
+
+    def test_output_of_a_view_is_materialized(self):
+        # reference_output is the eager result, so a model ending in permute
+        # returns a view. The program materializes that contiguously, so the
+        # golden output has to follow the values rather than the source layout.
+        x = torch.arange(6, dtype=torch.float32).reshape(2, 3)
+        permuted = x.permute(1, 0)
+
+        artifact_dir = self._dump((x,), permuted)
+
+        self.assertTrue(
+            np.array_equal(
+                self._read(artifact_dir, "m_expected_output.bin"),
+                torch.tensor([0.0, 3.0, 1.0, 4.0, 2.0, 5.0]).numpy(),
+            )
+        )
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    unittest.main()