From 93a34bb2c3579c903d6ddecec084c300f89a5060 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Amol Patil <9298683+adp2201@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Wed, 11 Mar 2026 14:13:27 -0700
Subject: [PATCH] Add bursty load JMH benchmark for BatchSpanProcessor

---
 ...BatchSpanProcessorBurstyLoadBenchmark.java | 137 ++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 137 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 sdk/trace/src/jmh/java/io/opentelemetry/sdk/trace/export/BatchSpanProcessorBurstyLoadBenchmark.java

diff --git a/sdk/trace/src/jmh/java/io/opentelemetry/sdk/trace/export/BatchSpanProcessorBurstyLoadBenchmark.java b/sdk/trace/src/jmh/java/io/opentelemetry/sdk/trace/export/BatchSpanProcessorBurstyLoadBenchmark.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..23ea04f2a0e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sdk/trace/src/jmh/java/io/opentelemetry/sdk/trace/export/BatchSpanProcessorBurstyLoadBenchmark.java
@@ -0,0 +1,137 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright The OpenTelemetry Authors
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+ */
+
+package io.opentelemetry.sdk.trace.export;
+
+import io.opentelemetry.api.metrics.MeterProvider;
+import io.opentelemetry.api.trace.Span;
+import io.opentelemetry.api.trace.Tracer;
+import io.opentelemetry.sdk.metrics.SdkMeterProvider;
+import io.opentelemetry.sdk.testing.exporter.InMemoryMetricReader;
+import io.opentelemetry.sdk.trace.ReadableSpan;
+import io.opentelemetry.sdk.trace.SdkTracerProvider;
+import java.time.Duration;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.AuxCounters;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.BenchmarkMode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Level;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Measurement;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OutputTimeUnit;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Param;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.TearDown;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Warmup;
+
+/**
+ * Simulates bursty span production with cooldown periods to measure dropped spans and export rates
+ * under high-throughput conditions.
+ */
+public class BatchSpanProcessorBurstyLoadBenchmark {
+
+  @State(Scope.Benchmark)
+  public static class BenchmarkState {
+    private InMemoryMetricReader metricReader;
+    private BatchSpanProcessor processor;
+    private Tracer tracer;
+    private long exportedSpans;
+    private long droppedSpans;
+    private double dropRatio;
+
+    @Param({"64", "2048"})
+    int maxQueueSize;
+
+    @Param({"64"})
+    int maxExportBatchSize;
+
+    @Param({"200"})
+    int scheduleDelayMs;
+
+    @Param({"20"})
+    int exporterDelayMs;
+
+    @Param({"20000"})
+    int burstSize;
+
+    @Param({"5", "25"})
+    int cooldownMs;
+
+    @Setup(Level.Iteration)
+    public void setup() {
+      metricReader = InMemoryMetricReader.create();
+      MeterProvider meterProvider =
+          SdkMeterProvider.builder().registerMetricReader(metricReader).build();
+      SpanExporter exporter = new DelayingSpanExporter(exporterDelayMs);
+      processor =
+          BatchSpanProcessor.builder(exporter)
+              .setMeterProvider(meterProvider)
+              .setMaxQueueSize(maxQueueSize)
+              .setMaxExportBatchSize(maxExportBatchSize)
+              .setScheduleDelay(Duration.ofMillis(scheduleDelayMs))
+              .build();
+      tracer = SdkTracerProvider.builder().build().get("burstyBenchmarkTracer");
+    }
+
+    @TearDown(Level.Iteration)
+    public void recordMetrics() {
+      processor.forceFlush().join(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
+      BatchSpanProcessorMetrics metrics =
+          new BatchSpanProcessorMetrics(metricReader.collectAllMetrics(), 1);
+      dropRatio = metrics.dropRatio();
+      exportedSpans = metrics.exportedSpans();
+      droppedSpans = metrics.droppedSpans();
+    }
+
+    @TearDown(Level.Iteration)
+    public void tearDown() {
+      processor.shutdown().join(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
+    }
+  }
+
+  @State(Scope.Thread)
+  @AuxCounters(AuxCounters.Type.EVENTS)
+  public static class MetricsState {
+    BenchmarkState benchmarkState;
+
+    @TearDown(Level.Iteration)
+    public void capture(BenchmarkState benchmarkState) {
+      this.benchmarkState = benchmarkState;
+    }
+
+    public long exportedSpans() {
+      return benchmarkState.exportedSpans;
+    }
+
+    public long droppedSpans() {
+      return benchmarkState.droppedSpans;
+    }
+
+    public double dropRatio() {
+      return benchmarkState.dropRatio;
+    }
+  }
+
+  @Benchmark
+  @Fork(1)
+  @Warmup(iterations = 3, time = 1)
+  @Measurement(iterations = 5, time = 5)
+  @BenchmarkMode(Mode.Throughput)
+  @OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.SECONDS)
+  public void exportBursty(
+      BenchmarkState benchmarkState, @SuppressWarnings("unused") MetricsState metricsState)
+      throws InterruptedException {
+    for (int i = 0; i < benchmarkState.burstSize; i++) {
+      Span span = benchmarkState.tracer.spanBuilder("burst-span").startSpan();
+      benchmarkState.processor.onEnd((ReadableSpan) span);
+    }
+    if (benchmarkState.cooldownMs > 0) {
+      TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.sleep(benchmarkState.cooldownMs);
+    }
+  }
+}