test: add tests for non-2xx HTTP status handling (fixes #3091) #3465

Job	Run time
checks / pre-commit	19s
checks / docs	39s
checks / readme-snippets	13s
checks / test (3.12, locked, windows-latest)	1m 33s
checks / test (3.12, locked, ubuntu-latest)	1m 24s
checks / test (3.10, locked, ubuntu-latest)	1m 13s
checks / test (3.10, lowest-direct, windows-latest)	1m 32s
checks / test (3.10, locked, windows-latest)	1m 53s
checks / test (3.11, locked, ubuntu-latest)	1m 7s
checks / test (3.10, lowest-direct, ubuntu-latest)	1m 6s
checks / test (3.13, locked, windows-latest)	1m 52s
checks / test (3.14, lowest-direct, ubuntu-latest)	1m 5s
checks / test (3.11, locked, windows-latest)	1m 37s
checks / test (3.11, lowest-direct, windows-latest)	1m 39s
checks / test (3.13, locked, ubuntu-latest)	1m 1s
checks / test (3.12, lowest-direct, ubuntu-latest)	1m 13s
checks / test (3.12, lowest-direct, windows-latest)	1m 43s
checks / test (3.11, lowest-direct, ubuntu-latest)	1m 2s
checks / test (3.14, locked, windows-latest)	1m 53s
checks / test (3.13, lowest-direct, windows-latest)	1m 59s
checks / test (3.14, locked, ubuntu-latest)	1m 10s
checks / test (3.13, lowest-direct, ubuntu-latest)	59s
checks / test (3.14, lowest-direct, windows-latest)	1m 55s
all-green	5s
	30m 12s

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