diff --git a/internal/jsonrpc2/conn.go b/internal/jsonrpc2/conn.go
index 4994c63b..3f193271 100644
--- a/internal/jsonrpc2/conn.go
+++ b/internal/jsonrpc2/conn.go
@@ -168,6 +168,21 @@ func (s *inFlightState) shuttingDown(errClosing error) error {
 	return nil
 }
 
+func (s *inFlightState) responseWriteErr(errClosing error) error {
+	if s.connClosing {
+		return errClosing
+	}
+	if s.writeErr != nil {
+		// A broken writer prevents responses from reaching the peer. A read-side
+		// EOF alone does not: already-received requests can still drain responses.
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w: %v", errClosing, s.writeErr)
+	}
+	if s.readErr != nil && !errors.Is(s.readErr, io.EOF) {
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w: %v", errClosing, s.readErr)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
 // incomingRequest is used to track an incoming request as it is being handled
 type incomingRequest struct {
 	*Request // the request being processed
@@ -549,12 +564,14 @@ func (c *Connection) readIncoming(ctx context.Context, reader Reader, preempter
 		}
 		s.outgoingCalls = nil
 
-		// Cancel any incoming requests still in flight: with the reader gone we
-		// cannot receive cancellation notifications, and likely cannot write a
-		// response either, so parked handlers have nothing useful left to do.
-		// Mirrors the equivalent cleanup on write failure.
-		for _, r := range s.incomingByID {
-			r.cancel()
+		if !errors.Is(err, io.EOF) {
+			// Cancel any incoming requests still in flight: with the reader gone we
+			// cannot receive cancellation notifications, and likely cannot write a
+			// response either, so parked handlers have nothing useful left to do.
+			// Mirrors the equivalent cleanup on write failure.
+			for _, r := range s.incomingByID {
+				r.cancel()
+			}
 		}
 	})
 }
@@ -756,7 +773,11 @@ func (c *Connection) write(ctx context.Context, msg Message) error {
 		if req, ok := msg.(*Request); ok && !req.IsCall() && s.outgoingNotifications > 0 {
 			return
 		}
-		err = s.shuttingDown(ErrServerClosing)
+		if _, ok := msg.(*Response); ok {
+			err = s.responseWriteErr(ErrServerClosing)
+		} else {
+			err = s.shuttingDown(ErrServerClosing)
+		}
 	})
 	if err == nil {
 		err = c.writer.Write(ctx, msg)
diff --git a/internal/jsonrpc2/conn_test.go b/internal/jsonrpc2/conn_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..2dde505f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/internal/jsonrpc2/conn_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,138 @@
+// Copyright 2026 The Go MCP SDK Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by an MIT-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+package jsonrpc2
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"io"
+	"sync"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+)
+
+func TestReadEOFAllowsInFlightResponseToDrain(t *testing.T) {
+	call, err := NewCall(Int64ID(1), "ping", nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	reader := &scriptedReader{messages: []Message{call}}
+	writer := &recordingWriter{}
+
+	var conn *Connection
+	conn = NewConnection(context.Background(), ConnectionConfig{
+		Reader: reader,
+		Writer: writer,
+		Closer: nopCloser{},
+		Bind: func(c *Connection) Handler {
+			conn = c
+			return HandlerFunc(func(context.Context, *Request) (any, error) {
+				waitForReadErr(t, conn)
+				return "pong", nil
+			})
+		},
+		OnInternalError: func(err error) {
+			t.Errorf("internal error: %v", err)
+		},
+	})
+
+	waitForConnection(t, conn)
+
+	responses := writer.messages()
+	if len(responses) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("writer saw %d messages, want 1", len(responses))
+	}
+	response, ok := responses[0].(*Response)
+	if !ok {
+		t.Fatalf("writer saw %T, want *Response", responses[0])
+	}
+	if response.ID != Int64ID(1) {
+		t.Fatalf("response ID = %v, want 1", response.ID.Raw())
+	}
+	if string(response.Result) != `"pong"` {
+		t.Fatalf("response result = %s, want %q", response.Result, `"pong"`)
+	}
+}
+
+type scriptedReader struct {
+	messages []Message
+	index    int
+}
+
+func (r *scriptedReader) Read(context.Context) (Message, error) {
+	if r.index >= len(r.messages) {
+		return nil, io.EOF
+	}
+	msg := r.messages[r.index]
+	r.index++
+	return msg, nil
+}
+
+type recordingWriter struct {
+	mu      sync.Mutex
+	written []Message
+}
+
+func (w *recordingWriter) Write(_ context.Context, msg Message) error {
+	w.mu.Lock()
+	defer w.mu.Unlock()
+	w.written = append(w.written, msg)
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (w *recordingWriter) messages() []Message {
+	w.mu.Lock()
+	defer w.mu.Unlock()
+	return append([]Message(nil), w.written...)
+}
+
+type nopCloser struct{}
+
+func (nopCloser) Close() error { return nil }
+
+func waitForReadErr(t *testing.T, conn *Connection) {
+	t.Helper()
+
+	deadline := time.After(2 * time.Second)
+	ticker := time.NewTicker(time.Millisecond)
+	defer ticker.Stop()
+
+	for {
+		conn.stateMu.Lock()
+		err := conn.state.readErr
+		conn.stateMu.Unlock()
+		if err != nil {
+			if !errors.Is(err, io.EOF) {
+				t.Fatalf("read error = %v, want EOF", err)
+			}
+			return
+		}
+
+		select {
+		case <-deadline:
+			t.Fatal("timed out waiting for read EOF")
+		case <-ticker.C:
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func waitForConnection(t *testing.T, conn *Connection) {
+	t.Helper()
+
+	done := make(chan error, 1)
+	go func() {
+		done <- conn.Wait()
+	}()
+
+	select {
+	case err := <-done:
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("Wait returned error: %v", err)
+		}
+	case <-time.After(2 * time.Second):
+		t.Fatal("timed out waiting for connection shutdown")
+	}
+}