From 58dfbc50c54f0c330bd0f5ef9c8fae1ae4f3a3d3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Daniel Prevoznik <danny@onkernel.com>
Date: Mon, 2 Mar 2026 08:57:37 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 01/15] fix(cua): scroll as notch count in
 anthropic-computer-use TypeScript template

- Send delta_x/delta_y as signed notch count (kernel-images uses delta
  as wheel-event repeat count, not pixels)
- Return tool output: "Scrolled N wheel unit(s) direction."
- Add system prompt line: scroll_amount and result are in wheel units

Made-with: Cursor
---
 .../typescript/anthropic-computer-use/loop.ts |  1 +
 .../anthropic-computer-use/tools/computer.ts  | 40 ++++++++-----------
 2 files changed, 18 insertions(+), 23 deletions(-)

diff --git a/pkg/templates/typescript/anthropic-computer-use/loop.ts b/pkg/templates/typescript/anthropic-computer-use/loop.ts
index cc209d1d..cd582414 100644
--- a/pkg/templates/typescript/anthropic-computer-use/loop.ts
+++ b/pkg/templates/typescript/anthropic-computer-use/loop.ts
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ const SYSTEM_PROMPT = `<SYSTEM_CAPABILITY>
 * As the initial step click on the search bar.
 * When viewing a page it can be helpful to zoom out so that you can see everything on the page.
 * Either that, or make sure you scroll down to see everything before deciding something isn't available.
+* Scroll action: scroll_amount and the tool result are in wheel units (not pixels).
 * When using your computer function calls, they take a while to run and send back to you.
 * Where possible/feasible, try to chain multiple of these calls all into one function calls request.
 * The current date is ${DateTime.now().toFormat('EEEE, MMMM d, yyyy')}.
diff --git a/pkg/templates/typescript/anthropic-computer-use/tools/computer.ts b/pkg/templates/typescript/anthropic-computer-use/tools/computer.ts
index 580ea238..05ee40f4 100644
--- a/pkg/templates/typescript/anthropic-computer-use/tools/computer.ts
+++ b/pkg/templates/typescript/anthropic-computer-use/tools/computer.ts
@@ -295,41 +295,35 @@ export class ComputerTool implements BaseAnthropicTool {
       const scrollDirection = scrollDirectionParam || kwargs.scroll_direction;
       const scrollAmountValue = scrollAmount || scroll_amount;
 
-      if (!scrollDirection || !['up', 'down', 'left', 'right'].includes(scrollDirection)) {
-        throw new ToolError(`Scroll direction "${scrollDirection}" must be 'up', 'down', 'left', or 'right'`);
+      const dir = scrollDirection && typeof scrollDirection === 'string' && ['up', 'down', 'left', 'right'].includes(scrollDirection) ? scrollDirection : null;
+      if (!dir) {
+        throw new ToolError(`Scroll direction "${String(scrollDirection)}" must be 'up', 'down', 'left', or 'right'`);
       }
       if (typeof scrollAmountValue !== 'number' || scrollAmountValue < 0) {
         throw new ToolError(`Scroll amount "${scrollAmountValue}" must be a non-negative number`);
       }
 
-      const [x, y] = coordinate 
+      const [x, y] = coordinate
         ? ActionValidator.validateAndGetCoordinates(coordinate)
         : this.lastMousePosition;
 
+      // Backend (kernel-images) uses delta_x/delta_y as wheel-event repeat count (notches), not pixels.
+      const notches = Math.max(scrollAmountValue ?? 1, 1);
       let delta_x = 0;
       let delta_y = 0;
-      // Each scroll_amount unit = 1 scroll wheel click ≈ 120 pixels (matches Anthropic's xdotool behavior)
-      const scrollDelta = (scrollAmountValue ?? 1) * 120;
-
-      if (scrollDirection === 'down') {
-        delta_y = scrollDelta;
-      } else if (scrollDirection === 'up') {
-        delta_y = -scrollDelta;
-      } else if (scrollDirection === 'right') {
-        delta_x = scrollDelta;
-      } else if (scrollDirection === 'left') {
-        delta_x = -scrollDelta;
-      }
+      if (dir === 'down') delta_y = notches;
+      if (dir === 'up') delta_y = -notches;
+      if (dir === 'right') delta_x = notches;
+      if (dir === 'left') delta_x = -notches;
 
-      await this.kernel.browsers.computer.scroll(this.sessionId, {
-        x,
-        y,
-        delta_x,
-        delta_y,
-      });
+      await this.kernel.browsers.computer.scroll(this.sessionId, { x, y, delta_x, delta_y });
 
-      await new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, 500));
-      return await this.screenshot();
+      await new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, 200));
+      const screenshotResult = await this.screenshot();
+      return {
+        ...screenshotResult,
+        output: `Scrolled ${notches} wheel unit(s) ${dir}.`,
+      };
     }
 
     if (action === Action.WAIT) {

From 174591ed02768f8295e59b48f169efdf68a92304 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Daniel Prevoznik <danny@onkernel.com>
Date: Mon, 2 Mar 2026 08:58:02 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 02/15] fix(cua): scroll as notch count in
 anthropic-computer-use Python template

- Send delta_x/delta_y as signed notch count (kernel-images uses delta
  as wheel-event repeat count, not pixels)
- Return tool output: "Scrolled N wheel unit(s) direction."
- Add system prompt line: scroll_amount and result are in wheel units

Made-with: Cursor
---
 .../python/anthropic-computer-use/loop.py     |  1 +
 .../anthropic-computer-use/tools/computer.py  | 22 ++++++++++---------
 2 files changed, 13 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-)

diff --git a/pkg/templates/python/anthropic-computer-use/loop.py b/pkg/templates/python/anthropic-computer-use/loop.py
index afee6f61..d5d8a249 100644
--- a/pkg/templates/python/anthropic-computer-use/loop.py
+++ b/pkg/templates/python/anthropic-computer-use/loop.py
@@ -50,6 +50,7 @@ class APIProvider(StrEnum):
 * As the initial step click on the search bar.
 * When viewing a page it can be helpful to zoom out so that you can see everything on the page.
 * Either that, or make sure you scroll down to see everything before deciding something isn't available.
+* Scroll action: scroll_amount and the tool result are in wheel units (not pixels).
 * When using your computer function calls, they take a while to run and send back to you.
 * Where possible/feasible, try to chain multiple of these calls all into one function calls request.
 * The current date is {datetime.now().strftime("%A, %B %d, %Y")}.
diff --git a/pkg/templates/python/anthropic-computer-use/tools/computer.py b/pkg/templates/python/anthropic-computer-use/tools/computer.py
index d4a46d7d..f765587c 100644
--- a/pkg/templates/python/anthropic-computer-use/tools/computer.py
+++ b/pkg/templates/python/anthropic-computer-use/tools/computer.py
@@ -370,21 +370,18 @@ async def __call__(
             else:
                 x, y = self._last_mouse_position
 
-            # Each scroll_amount unit = 1 scroll wheel click ≈ 120 pixels (matches Anthropic's xdotool behavior)
-            scroll_factor = scroll_amount * 120
-            
+            # Backend (kernel-images) uses delta_x/delta_y as wheel-event repeat count (notches), not pixels.
+            notches = max(scroll_amount or 1, 1)
             delta_x = 0
             delta_y = 0
             if scroll_direction == "up":
-                delta_y = -scroll_factor
+                delta_y = -notches
             elif scroll_direction == "down":
-                delta_y = scroll_factor
+                delta_y = notches
             elif scroll_direction == "left":
-                delta_x = -scroll_factor
+                delta_x = -notches
             elif scroll_direction == "right":
-                delta_x = scroll_factor
-
-            print(f"Scrolling {abs(delta_x) if delta_x != 0 else abs(delta_y)} pixels {scroll_direction}")
+                delta_x = notches
 
             self.kernel.browsers.computer.scroll(
                 id=self.session_id,
@@ -393,7 +390,12 @@ async def __call__(
                 delta_x=delta_x,
                 delta_y=delta_y,
             )
-            return await self.screenshot()
+
+            await asyncio.sleep(0.2)
+            screenshot_result = await self.screenshot()
+            return screenshot_result.replace(
+                output=f"Scrolled {notches} wheel unit(s) {scroll_direction}."
+            )
 
         if action in ("hold_key", "wait"):
             if duration is None or not isinstance(duration, (int, float)):

From b480469866d11f1e7ab432a52455a53f2b4fe226 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Daniel Prevoznik <danny@onkernel.com>
Date: Mon, 2 Mar 2026 08:58:26 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 03/15] fix(cua): scroll as notch count in gemini-computer-use
 TypeScript template

- Send delta_x/delta_y as signed notch count (kernel-images uses delta
  as wheel-event repeat count, not pixels)
- SCROLL_DOCUMENT: use 3 notches instead of 500 pixels
- SCROLL_AT: treat magnitude as notch count instead of denormalizing to pixels

Made-with: Cursor
---
 .../gemini-computer-use/tools/computer.ts     | 46 ++++++++-----------
 1 file changed, 20 insertions(+), 26 deletions(-)

diff --git a/pkg/templates/typescript/gemini-computer-use/tools/computer.ts b/pkg/templates/typescript/gemini-computer-use/tools/computer.ts
index f415f72a..b30c357c 100644
--- a/pkg/templates/typescript/gemini-computer-use/tools/computer.ts
+++ b/pkg/templates/typescript/gemini-computer-use/tools/computer.ts
@@ -146,23 +146,23 @@ export class ComputerTool {
           if (!args.direction) {
             return { error: 'scroll_document requires direction' };
           }
-          // Scroll at center of viewport
           const centerX = Math.round(this.screenSize.width / 2);
           const centerY = Math.round(this.screenSize.height / 2);
-          const scrollDelta = 500;
 
-          let deltaX = 0;
-          let deltaY = 0;
-          if (args.direction === 'down') deltaY = scrollDelta;
-          else if (args.direction === 'up') deltaY = -scrollDelta;
-          else if (args.direction === 'right') deltaX = scrollDelta;
-          else if (args.direction === 'left') deltaX = -scrollDelta;
+          // Backend (kernel-images) uses delta_x/delta_y as wheel-event repeat count (notches), not pixels.
+          const docNotches = 3;
+          let docDx = 0;
+          let docDy = 0;
+          if (args.direction === 'down') docDy = docNotches;
+          else if (args.direction === 'up') docDy = -docNotches;
+          else if (args.direction === 'right') docDx = docNotches;
+          else if (args.direction === 'left') docDx = -docNotches;
 
           await this.kernel.browsers.computer.scroll(this.sessionId, {
             x: centerX,
             y: centerY,
-            delta_x: deltaX,
-            delta_y: deltaY,
+            delta_x: docDx,
+            delta_y: docDy,
           });
           break;
         }
@@ -178,26 +178,20 @@ export class ComputerTool {
           const x = this.denormalizeX(args.x);
           const y = this.denormalizeY(args.y);
 
-          // Denormalize magnitude if provided
-          let magnitude = args.magnitude ?? 800;
-          if (args.direction === 'up' || args.direction === 'down') {
-            magnitude = this.denormalizeY(magnitude);
-          } else {
-            magnitude = this.denormalizeX(magnitude);
-          }
-
-          let deltaX = 0;
-          let deltaY = 0;
-          if (args.direction === 'down') deltaY = magnitude;
-          else if (args.direction === 'up') deltaY = -magnitude;
-          else if (args.direction === 'right') deltaX = magnitude;
-          else if (args.direction === 'left') deltaX = -magnitude;
+          // Backend (kernel-images) uses delta as notch count; treat magnitude as notches (default 3).
+          const notches = args.magnitude ?? 3;
+          let atDx = 0;
+          let atDy = 0;
+          if (args.direction === 'down') atDy = notches;
+          else if (args.direction === 'up') atDy = -notches;
+          else if (args.direction === 'right') atDx = notches;
+          else if (args.direction === 'left') atDx = -notches;
 
           await this.kernel.browsers.computer.scroll(this.sessionId, {
             x,
             y,
-            delta_x: deltaX,
-            delta_y: deltaY,
+            delta_x: atDx,
+            delta_y: atDy,
           });
           break;
         }

From cc5866bfe463e5d695aa6fcd34010b57775e2be9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Daniel Prevoznik <danny@onkernel.com>
Date: Mon, 2 Mar 2026 08:58:49 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 04/15] fix(cua): scroll as notch count in gemini-computer-use
 Python template

- Send delta_x/delta_y as signed notch count (kernel-images uses delta
  as wheel-event repeat count, not pixels)
- SCROLL_DOCUMENT: use 3 notches instead of 500 pixels
- SCROLL_AT: treat magnitude as notch count instead of denormalizing to pixels

Made-with: Cursor
---
 .../gemini-computer-use/tools/computer.py     | 28 ++++++++-----------
 1 file changed, 12 insertions(+), 16 deletions(-)

diff --git a/pkg/templates/python/gemini-computer-use/tools/computer.py b/pkg/templates/python/gemini-computer-use/tools/computer.py
index 5cf309d8..a3b39419 100644
--- a/pkg/templates/python/gemini-computer-use/tools/computer.py
+++ b/pkg/templates/python/gemini-computer-use/tools/computer.py
@@ -131,21 +131,21 @@ async def execute_action(
             elif action_name == GeminiAction.SCROLL_DOCUMENT:
                 if "direction" not in args:
                     return ToolResult(error="scroll_document requires direction")
-                # Scroll at center of viewport
                 center_x = self.screen_size.width // 2
                 center_y = self.screen_size.height // 2
-                scroll_delta = 500
 
+                # Backend (kernel-images) uses delta_x/delta_y as wheel-event repeat count (notches), not pixels.
+                doc_notches = 3
                 delta_x, delta_y = 0, 0
                 direction = args["direction"]
                 if direction == "down":
-                    delta_y = scroll_delta
+                    delta_y = doc_notches
                 elif direction == "up":
-                    delta_y = -scroll_delta
+                    delta_y = -doc_notches
                 elif direction == "right":
-                    delta_x = scroll_delta
+                    delta_x = doc_notches
                 elif direction == "left":
-                    delta_x = -scroll_delta
+                    delta_x = -doc_notches
 
                 self.kernel.browsers.computer.scroll(
                     self.session_id,
@@ -164,23 +164,19 @@ async def execute_action(
                 x = self.denormalize_x(args["x"])
                 y = self.denormalize_y(args["y"])
 
-                # Denormalize magnitude if provided
-                magnitude = args.get("magnitude", 800)
+                # Backend (kernel-images) uses delta as notch count; treat magnitude as notches (default 3).
+                notches = args.get("magnitude", 3)
                 direction = args["direction"]
-                if direction in ("up", "down"):
-                    magnitude = self.denormalize_y(magnitude)
-                else:
-                    magnitude = self.denormalize_x(magnitude)
 
                 delta_x, delta_y = 0, 0
                 if direction == "down":
-                    delta_y = magnitude
+                    delta_y = notches
                 elif direction == "up":
-                    delta_y = -magnitude
+                    delta_y = -notches
                 elif direction == "right":
-                    delta_x = magnitude
+                    delta_x = notches
                 elif direction == "left":
-                    delta_x = -magnitude
+                    delta_x = -notches
 
                 self.kernel.browsers.computer.scroll(
                     self.session_id,

From bc127c0a1041f6ced2a56e9769956d31218987e5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Daniel Prevoznik <danny@onkernel.com>
Date: Mon, 2 Mar 2026 08:59:15 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 05/15] fix(cua): scroll as notch count in yutori-computer-use
 TypeScript template

- Send delta_x/delta_y as signed notch count (kernel-images uses delta
  as wheel-event repeat count, not pixels)
- Return tool output: "Scrolled N wheel unit(s) direction."

Made-with: Cursor
---
 .../yutori-computer-use/tools/computer.ts     | 19 +++++++++++--------
 1 file changed, 11 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-)

diff --git a/pkg/templates/typescript/yutori-computer-use/tools/computer.ts b/pkg/templates/typescript/yutori-computer-use/tools/computer.ts
index 59b60d16..6ec7636e 100644
--- a/pkg/templates/typescript/yutori-computer-use/tools/computer.ts
+++ b/pkg/templates/typescript/yutori-computer-use/tools/computer.ts
@@ -160,29 +160,28 @@ export class ComputerTool {
   private async handleScroll(action: N1Action): Promise<ToolResult> {
     const coords = this.getCoordinates(action.coordinates);
     const direction = action.direction;
-    const amount = action.amount ?? 3;
+    const notches = Math.max(action.amount ?? 3, 1);
 
     if (!direction || !['up', 'down', 'left', 'right'].includes(direction)) {
       throw new ToolError(`Invalid scroll direction: ${direction}`);
     }
 
-    const scrollDelta = amount * 100;
-
+    // Backend (kernel-images) uses delta_x/delta_y as wheel-event repeat count (notches), not pixels.
     let delta_x = 0;
     let delta_y = 0;
 
     switch (direction) {
       case 'up':
-        delta_y = -scrollDelta;
+        delta_y = -notches;
         break;
       case 'down':
-        delta_y = scrollDelta;
+        delta_y = notches;
         break;
       case 'left':
-        delta_x = -scrollDelta;
+        delta_x = -notches;
         break;
       case 'right':
-        delta_x = scrollDelta;
+        delta_x = notches;
         break;
     }
 
@@ -194,7 +193,11 @@ export class ComputerTool {
     });
 
     await this.sleep(SCREENSHOT_DELAY_MS);
-    return this.screenshot();
+    const screenshotResult = await this.screenshot();
+    return {
+      ...screenshotResult,
+      output: `Scrolled ${notches} wheel unit(s) ${direction}.`,
+    };
   }
 
   private async handleType(action: N1Action): Promise<ToolResult> {

From 4a1898b0cc2519b5518f2538876cb91f5a49f7c8 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Daniel Prevoznik <danny@onkernel.com>
Date: Mon, 2 Mar 2026 08:59:34 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 06/15] fix(cua): scroll as notch count in yutori-computer-use
 Python template

- Send delta_x/delta_y as signed notch count (kernel-images uses delta
  as wheel-event repeat count, not pixels)
- Return tool output: "Scrolled N wheel unit(s) direction."

Made-with: Cursor
---
 .../yutori-computer-use/tools/computer.py       | 17 +++++++++--------
 1 file changed, 9 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-)

diff --git a/pkg/templates/python/yutori-computer-use/tools/computer.py b/pkg/templates/python/yutori-computer-use/tools/computer.py
index 2d5784ec..d078aded 100644
--- a/pkg/templates/python/yutori-computer-use/tools/computer.py
+++ b/pkg/templates/python/yutori-computer-use/tools/computer.py
@@ -140,24 +140,23 @@ async def _handle_click(self, action: N1Action, button: str, num_clicks: int) ->
     async def _handle_scroll(self, action: N1Action) -> ToolResult:
         coords = self._get_coordinates(action.get("coordinates"))
         direction = action.get("direction")
-        amount = action.get("amount", 3)
+        notches = max(action.get("amount", 3), 1)
 
         if direction not in ("up", "down", "left", "right"):
             raise ToolError(f"Invalid scroll direction: {direction}")
 
-        scroll_delta = amount * 100
-
+        # Backend (kernel-images) uses delta_x/delta_y as wheel-event repeat count (notches), not pixels.
         delta_x = 0
         delta_y = 0
 
         if direction == "up":
-            delta_y = -scroll_delta
+            delta_y = -notches
         elif direction == "down":
-            delta_y = scroll_delta
+            delta_y = notches
         elif direction == "left":
-            delta_x = -scroll_delta
+            delta_x = -notches
         elif direction == "right":
-            delta_x = scroll_delta
+            delta_x = notches
 
         self.kernel.browsers.computer.scroll(
             self.session_id,
@@ -168,7 +167,9 @@ async def _handle_scroll(self, action: N1Action) -> ToolResult:
         )
 
         await asyncio.sleep(SCREENSHOT_DELAY_S)
-        return await self.screenshot()
+        screenshot_result = await self.screenshot()
+        screenshot_result["output"] = f"Scrolled {notches} wheel unit(s) {direction}."
+        return screenshot_result
 
     async def _handle_type(self, action: N1Action) -> ToolResult:
         text = action.get("text")

From 8f5bc23bc8b129b53a320ae23fc3bcab323d40e3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Daniel Prevoznik <danny@onkernel.com>
Date: Mon, 2 Mar 2026 08:59:56 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 07/15] fix(cua): scroll as notch count in openagi-computer-use
 Python template

- Send delta_x/delta_y as signed notch count (kernel-images uses delta
  as wheel-event repeat count, not pixels)
- Support left/right scroll directions
- Default scroll_amount changed from 100 (pixels) to 3 (notches)

Made-with: Cursor
---
 .../openagi-computer-use/kernel_handler.py    | 27 +++++++++++--------
 1 file changed, 16 insertions(+), 11 deletions(-)

diff --git a/pkg/templates/python/openagi-computer-use/kernel_handler.py b/pkg/templates/python/openagi-computer-use/kernel_handler.py
index 564274ca..e4083793 100644
--- a/pkg/templates/python/openagi-computer-use/kernel_handler.py
+++ b/pkg/templates/python/openagi-computer-use/kernel_handler.py
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ def __init__(
         self,
         session: "KernelBrowserSession",
         action_pause: float = 0.1,
-        scroll_amount: int = 100,
+        scroll_amount: int = 3,
         wait_duration: float = 1.0,
         type_delay: int = 50,
     ):
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ def __init__(
         Args:
             session: The Kernel browser session to control
             action_pause: Pause between actions in seconds
-            scroll_amount: Amount to scroll (pixels)
+            scroll_amount: Amount to scroll (wheel units / notches)
             wait_duration: Duration for wait actions in seconds
             type_delay: Delay between keystrokes in milliseconds
         """
@@ -241,19 +241,24 @@ def _execute_hotkey(self, keys: list[str]):
 
     def _execute_scroll(self, x: int, y: int, direction: str):
         """Execute a scroll action."""
-        # Move to position first
-        self.session.kernel.browsers.computer.move_mouse(
-            id=self.session.session_id,
-            x=x,
-            y=y,
-        )
-        # Scroll in the specified direction
-        delta_y = self.scroll_amount if direction == "up" else -self.scroll_amount
+        # Backend (kernel-images) uses delta_x/delta_y as wheel-event repeat count (notches), not pixels.
+        notches = max(self.scroll_amount, 1)
+        delta_x = 0
+        delta_y = 0
+        if direction == "up":
+            delta_y = -notches
+        elif direction == "down":
+            delta_y = notches
+        elif direction == "left":
+            delta_x = -notches
+        elif direction == "right":
+            delta_x = notches
+
         self.session.kernel.browsers.computer.scroll(
             id=self.session.session_id,
             x=x,
             y=y,
-            delta_x=0,
+            delta_x=delta_x,
             delta_y=delta_y,
         )
 

From 37c626798fe43578a21530af8b62bb1b2095e611 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Daniel Prevoznik <danny@onkernel.com>
Date: Mon, 2 Mar 2026 23:30:45 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 08/15] gemini-computer-use (Python): conservative scroll (60
 px/notch, max 17 notches)
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

- scroll_document and scroll_at: magnitude → notches with PX_PER_NOTCH=60,
  MAX_NOTCHES_PER_ACTION=17, single API call
- Remove chunking; default magnitude 400
- KERNEL_INVOCATION guard so invokes use payload query

Made-with: Cursor
---
 .../python/gemini-computer-use/main.py        |  4 ++--
 .../gemini-computer-use/tools/computer.py     | 23 +++++++++++--------
 2 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 11 deletions(-)

diff --git a/pkg/templates/python/gemini-computer-use/main.py b/pkg/templates/python/gemini-computer-use/main.py
index 870ff776..ee15c130 100644
--- a/pkg/templates/python/gemini-computer-use/main.py
+++ b/pkg/templates/python/gemini-computer-use/main.py
@@ -75,9 +75,9 @@ async def cua_task(
     }
 
 
-# Run locally if executed directly (not imported as a module)
+# Run locally if executed directly and not in Kernel (no KERNEL_INVOCATION)
 # Execute via: uv run main.py
-if __name__ == "__main__":
+if __name__ == "__main__" and not os.getenv("KERNEL_INVOCATION"):
     import asyncio
 
     async def main():
diff --git a/pkg/templates/python/gemini-computer-use/tools/computer.py b/pkg/templates/python/gemini-computer-use/tools/computer.py
index a3b39419..ecf9e219 100644
--- a/pkg/templates/python/gemini-computer-use/tools/computer.py
+++ b/pkg/templates/python/gemini-computer-use/tools/computer.py
@@ -21,6 +21,10 @@
 
 TYPING_DELAY_MS = 12
 SCREENSHOT_DELAY_SECS = 0.5
+# Pixels per notch: higher = more conservative (fewer notches). 60–80 avoids overscroll on heavy sites.
+PX_PER_NOTCH = 60
+# Cap total notches per action so large magnitudes don't overscroll on any site.
+MAX_NOTCHES_PER_ACTION = 17
 
 
 class ComputerTool:
@@ -134,10 +138,11 @@ async def execute_action(
                 center_x = self.screen_size.width // 2
                 center_y = self.screen_size.height // 2
 
-                # Backend (kernel-images) uses delta_x/delta_y as wheel-event repeat count (notches), not pixels.
-                doc_notches = 3
-                delta_x, delta_y = 0, 0
+                # Backend uses notches; Gemini sends magnitude in pixels (default 400). Chunk to avoid per-request cap.
+                magnitude_px = args.get("magnitude", 400)
+                doc_notches = min(MAX_NOTCHES_PER_ACTION, max(1, round(magnitude_px / PX_PER_NOTCH)))
                 direction = args["direction"]
+                delta_x = delta_y = 0
                 if direction == "down":
                     delta_y = doc_notches
                 elif direction == "up":
@@ -146,7 +151,7 @@ async def execute_action(
                     delta_x = doc_notches
                 elif direction == "left":
                     delta_x = -doc_notches
-
+                print(f"[cua-scroll] SCROLL_DOCUMENT direction={direction} magnitude_px={magnitude_px} notches={doc_notches} center=({center_x},{center_y})", flush=True)
                 self.kernel.browsers.computer.scroll(
                     self.session_id,
                     x=center_x,
@@ -164,11 +169,11 @@ async def execute_action(
                 x = self.denormalize_x(args["x"])
                 y = self.denormalize_y(args["y"])
 
-                # Backend (kernel-images) uses delta as notch count; treat magnitude as notches (default 3).
-                notches = args.get("magnitude", 3)
+                # Gemini uses magnitude in pixels (default 400). Chunk to avoid per-request cap.
+                magnitude_px = args.get("magnitude", 400)
+                notches = min(MAX_NOTCHES_PER_ACTION, max(1, round(magnitude_px / PX_PER_NOTCH)))
                 direction = args["direction"]
-
-                delta_x, delta_y = 0, 0
+                delta_x = delta_y = 0
                 if direction == "down":
                     delta_y = notches
                 elif direction == "up":
@@ -177,7 +182,7 @@ async def execute_action(
                     delta_x = notches
                 elif direction == "left":
                     delta_x = -notches
-
+                print(f"[cua-scroll] SCROLL_AT magnitude_px={magnitude_px} notches={notches} x={x} y={y} direction={direction}", flush=True)
                 self.kernel.browsers.computer.scroll(
                     self.session_id,
                     x=x,

From 53b6ad882324a7ecd029743029a95cba7042898b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Daniel Prevoznik <danny@onkernel.com>
Date: Mon, 2 Mar 2026 23:30:48 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 09/15] gemini-computer-use (TypeScript): scroll + TS fixes

- Scroll: same as Python (PX_PER_NOTCH 60, MAX_NOTCHES_PER_ACTION 17, single call)
- loop.ts: Environment.ENVIRONMENT_BROWSER, candidate?.content, fc.name guard,
  content check in pruneOldScreenshots
- session.ts: session_id/liveViewUrl/replayViewUrl ?? null for string | null
- index.ts: KERNEL_INVOCATION guard for payload query

Made-with: Cursor
---
 .../typescript/gemini-computer-use/index.ts    |  4 ++--
 .../typescript/gemini-computer-use/loop.ts     | 10 ++++++----
 .../typescript/gemini-computer-use/session.ts  |  6 +++---
 .../gemini-computer-use/tools/computer.ts      | 18 ++++++++++++------
 4 files changed, 23 insertions(+), 15 deletions(-)

diff --git a/pkg/templates/typescript/gemini-computer-use/index.ts b/pkg/templates/typescript/gemini-computer-use/index.ts
index 91f47e4a..aa1313de 100644
--- a/pkg/templates/typescript/gemini-computer-use/index.ts
+++ b/pkg/templates/typescript/gemini-computer-use/index.ts
@@ -73,9 +73,9 @@ app.action<QueryInput, QueryOutput>(
   },
 );
 
-// Run locally if executed directly (not imported as a module)
+// Run locally if executed directly and not in Kernel (no KERNEL_INVOCATION)
 // Execute via: npx tsx index.ts
-if (import.meta.url === `file://${process.argv[1]}`) {
+if (!process.env.KERNEL_INVOCATION && import.meta.url === `file://${process.argv[1]}`) {
   const testQuery = "Navigate to https://www.google.com and describe what you see";
   
   console.log('Running local test with query:', testQuery);
diff --git a/pkg/templates/typescript/gemini-computer-use/loop.ts b/pkg/templates/typescript/gemini-computer-use/loop.ts
index ba3dc5ce..43e00f0a 100644
--- a/pkg/templates/typescript/gemini-computer-use/loop.ts
+++ b/pkg/templates/typescript/gemini-computer-use/loop.ts
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 
 import {
   GoogleGenAI,
+  Environment,
   type Content,
   type FunctionCall,
   type Part,
@@ -103,7 +104,7 @@ export async function samplingLoop({
           tools: [
             {
               computerUse: {
-                environment: 'ENVIRONMENT_BROWSER',
+                environment: Environment.ENVIRONMENT_BROWSER,
               },
             },
           ],
@@ -119,7 +120,7 @@ export async function samplingLoop({
       }
 
       const candidate = response.candidates[0];
-      if (!candidate.content) {
+      if (!candidate?.content) {
         console.log('No content in candidate');
         break;
       }
@@ -155,6 +156,7 @@ export async function samplingLoop({
       // Execute function calls and collect results
       const functionResponses: Part[] = [];
       for (const fc of functionCalls) {
+        if (!fc.name) continue;
         const args = fc.args as GeminiFunctionArgs || {};
 
         // Handle safety decisions if present
@@ -188,7 +190,7 @@ export async function samplingLoop({
               name: fc.name,
               response: responseData,
               // Include screenshot as inline data
-              ...(result.base64Image && isPredefinedFunction(fc.name) ? {
+              ...(result.base64Image && fc.name && isPredefinedFunction(fc.name) ? {
                 parts: [{
                   inlineData: {
                     mimeType: 'image/png',
@@ -262,7 +264,7 @@ function pruneOldScreenshots(contents: Content[]): void {
   // Iterate in reverse to find recent turns with screenshots
   for (let i = contents.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
     const content = contents[i];
-    if (content.role !== 'user' || !content.parts) continue;
+    if (!content || content.role !== 'user' || !content.parts) continue;
 
     // Check if this turn has screenshots from predefined functions
     let hasScreenshot = false;
diff --git a/pkg/templates/typescript/gemini-computer-use/session.ts b/pkg/templates/typescript/gemini-computer-use/session.ts
index 627b4420..89e7a8bf 100644
--- a/pkg/templates/typescript/gemini-computer-use/session.ts
+++ b/pkg/templates/typescript/gemini-computer-use/session.ts
@@ -84,8 +84,8 @@ export class KernelBrowserSession {
       },
     });
 
-    this._sessionId = browser.session_id;
-    this._liveViewUrl = browser.browser_live_view_url;
+    this._sessionId = browser.session_id ?? null;
+    this._liveViewUrl = browser.browser_live_view_url ?? null;
 
     console.log(`Kernel browser created: ${this._sessionId}`);
     console.log(`Live view URL: ${this._liveViewUrl}`);
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ export class KernelBrowserSession {
         const replays = await this.kernel.browsers.replays.list(this._sessionId);
         for (const replay of replays) {
           if (replay.replay_id === this._replayId) {
-            this._replayViewUrl = replay.replay_view_url;
+            this._replayViewUrl = replay.replay_view_url ?? null;
             replayReady = true;
             break;
           }
diff --git a/pkg/templates/typescript/gemini-computer-use/tools/computer.ts b/pkg/templates/typescript/gemini-computer-use/tools/computer.ts
index b30c357c..175ecaba 100644
--- a/pkg/templates/typescript/gemini-computer-use/tools/computer.ts
+++ b/pkg/templates/typescript/gemini-computer-use/tools/computer.ts
@@ -17,6 +17,10 @@ import {
 
 const TYPING_DELAY_MS = 12;
 const SCREENSHOT_DELAY_MS = 500;
+/** Higher = more conservative (fewer notches). 60–80 avoids overscroll on heavy sites. */
+const PX_PER_NOTCH = 60;
+/** Cap total notches per action so large magnitudes don't overscroll. */
+const MAX_NOTCHES_PER_ACTION = 17;
 
 /**
  * Computer tool that maps Gemini actions to Kernel's Computer Controls API.
@@ -149,15 +153,16 @@ export class ComputerTool {
           const centerX = Math.round(this.screenSize.width / 2);
           const centerY = Math.round(this.screenSize.height / 2);
 
-          // Backend (kernel-images) uses delta_x/delta_y as wheel-event repeat count (notches), not pixels.
-          const docNotches = 3;
+          // Backend uses notches; chunk to avoid per-request cap.
+          const magnitudePx = args.magnitude ?? 400;
+          const docNotches = Math.min(MAX_NOTCHES_PER_ACTION, Math.max(1, Math.round(magnitudePx / PX_PER_NOTCH)));
           let docDx = 0;
           let docDy = 0;
           if (args.direction === 'down') docDy = docNotches;
           else if (args.direction === 'up') docDy = -docNotches;
           else if (args.direction === 'right') docDx = docNotches;
           else if (args.direction === 'left') docDx = -docNotches;
-
+          console.info('[cua-scroll] SCROLL_DOCUMENT direction=%s magnitude_px=%d notches=%d x=%d y=%d', args.direction, magnitudePx, docNotches, centerX, centerY);
           await this.kernel.browsers.computer.scroll(this.sessionId, {
             x: centerX,
             y: centerY,
@@ -178,15 +183,16 @@ export class ComputerTool {
           const x = this.denormalizeX(args.x);
           const y = this.denormalizeY(args.y);
 
-          // Backend (kernel-images) uses delta as notch count; treat magnitude as notches (default 3).
-          const notches = args.magnitude ?? 3;
+          // Chunk to avoid per-request cap.
+          const magnitudePx = args.magnitude ?? 400;
+          const notches = Math.min(MAX_NOTCHES_PER_ACTION, Math.max(1, Math.round(magnitudePx / PX_PER_NOTCH)));
           let atDx = 0;
           let atDy = 0;
           if (args.direction === 'down') atDy = notches;
           else if (args.direction === 'up') atDy = -notches;
           else if (args.direction === 'right') atDx = notches;
           else if (args.direction === 'left') atDx = -notches;
-
+          console.info('[cua-scroll] SCROLL_AT magnitude_px=%s notches=%d x=%d y=%d direction=%s', magnitudePx, notches, x, y, args.direction);
           await this.kernel.browsers.computer.scroll(this.sessionId, {
             x,
             y,

From 36c88e67673a52f212f7a11e7375d553f8e5215d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Daniel Prevoznik <danny@onkernel.com>
Date: Mon, 2 Mar 2026 23:30:50 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 10/15] openagi-computer-use: 1 notch per Lux scroll event

- OpenAGI/Lux emits N scroll actions for amount N; treat each as 1 notch
- Document in handler docstring; no coalescing

Made-with: Cursor
---
 .../openagi-computer-use/kernel_handler.py    | 31 ++++++++++---------
 1 file changed, 16 insertions(+), 15 deletions(-)

diff --git a/pkg/templates/python/openagi-computer-use/kernel_handler.py b/pkg/templates/python/openagi-computer-use/kernel_handler.py
index e4083793..0198452a 100644
--- a/pkg/templates/python/openagi-computer-use/kernel_handler.py
+++ b/pkg/templates/python/openagi-computer-use/kernel_handler.py
@@ -36,6 +36,10 @@ class KernelActionHandler:
     - HOTKEY -> press_key(keys=[...])
     - TYPE -> type_text(text=...)
     - SCROLL -> scroll(x, y, delta_y=...)
+
+    Note: OpenAGI/Lux tends to emit scroll N times for "scroll by N" (e.g. 3 identical
+    [scroll] actions for "scroll down with amount 3"). We treat each scroll event as
+    one scroll unit (1 notch), so N events in a row = N notches without fighting the model.
     """
 
     def __init__(
@@ -239,10 +243,10 @@ def _execute_hotkey(self, keys: list[str]):
             keys=keys,
         )
 
-    def _execute_scroll(self, x: int, y: int, direction: str):
-        """Execute a scroll action."""
+    def _execute_scroll(self, x: int, y: int, direction: str, notches: int = 1):
+        """Execute a scroll action. One Lux scroll event = 1 notch (OpenAGI often calls scroll N times for amount N)."""
         # Backend (kernel-images) uses delta_x/delta_y as wheel-event repeat count (notches), not pixels.
-        notches = max(self.scroll_amount, 1)
+        notches = max(notches, 1)
         delta_x = 0
         delta_y = 0
         if direction == "up":
@@ -254,6 +258,10 @@ def _execute_scroll(self, x: int, y: int, direction: str):
         elif direction == "right":
             delta_x = notches
 
+        print(
+            f"[cua-scroll] SCROLL API call id={self.session.session_id} x={x} y={y} delta_x={delta_x} delta_y={delta_y} (notches={notches})",
+            flush=True,
+        )
         self.session.kernel.browsers.computer.scroll(
             id=self.session.session_id,
             x=x,
@@ -302,8 +310,10 @@ def _execute_single_action(self, action: Action) -> None:
                 self._execute_type(text, press_enter=press_enter)
 
             case ActionType.SCROLL:
+                print(f"[cua-scroll] SCROLL action raw_arg={arg!r}", flush=True)
                 x, y, direction = self._parse_scroll(arg)
-                self._execute_scroll(x, y, direction)
+                print(f"[cua-scroll] SCROLL parsed x={x} y={y} direction={direction}", flush=True)
+                self._execute_scroll(x, y, direction, notches=1)
 
             case ActionType.FINISH:
                 # Task completion - nothing to do
@@ -321,32 +331,23 @@ def _execute_single_action(self, action: Action) -> None:
                 print(f"Unknown action type: {action.type}")
 
     def _execute_action(self, action: Action) -> None:
-        """Execute an action, potentially multiple times."""
+        """Execute an action, potentially multiple times. SCROLL: each event = 1 notch."""
         count = action.count or 1
-
         for _ in range(count):
             self._execute_single_action(action)
-            # Small pause between repeated actions
             if count > 1:
                 time.sleep(self.action_pause)
 
     async def __call__(self, actions: list[Action]) -> None:
-        """
-        Execute a list of actions.
-
-        Args:
-            actions: List of Action objects to execute
-        """
+        """Execute a list of actions."""
         if not self.session.session_id:
             raise RuntimeError("Browser session not initialized")
 
         for action in actions:
             try:
-                # Run the synchronous action execution in a thread pool
                 await asyncio.get_event_loop().run_in_executor(
                     None, self._execute_action, action
                 )
-                # Pause between actions
                 await asyncio.sleep(self.action_pause)
             except Exception as e:
                 print(f"Error executing action {action.type}: {e}")

From c1cd6c6cacd11d570ec1e2b66c0f524d8b433bac Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Daniel Prevoznik <danny@onkernel.com>
Date: Mon, 2 Mar 2026 23:30:50 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 11/15] yutori-computer-use (Python): add cua-scroll debug log
 for scroll action

Made-with: Cursor
---
 pkg/templates/python/yutori-computer-use/tools/computer.py | 4 ++++
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+)

diff --git a/pkg/templates/python/yutori-computer-use/tools/computer.py b/pkg/templates/python/yutori-computer-use/tools/computer.py
index d078aded..4fb9d685 100644
--- a/pkg/templates/python/yutori-computer-use/tools/computer.py
+++ b/pkg/templates/python/yutori-computer-use/tools/computer.py
@@ -158,6 +158,10 @@ async def _handle_scroll(self, action: N1Action) -> ToolResult:
         elif direction == "right":
             delta_x = notches
 
+        print(
+            f"[cua-scroll] scroll amount={action.get('amount')} notches={notches} direction={direction} x={coords['x']} y={coords['y']} delta_x={delta_x} delta_y={delta_y}",
+            flush=True,
+        )
         self.kernel.browsers.computer.scroll(
             self.session_id,
             x=coords["x"],

From 27255b727b751e3859844a4179c760dce8d94a44 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Daniel Prevoznik <danny@onkernel.com>
Date: Mon, 2 Mar 2026 23:47:58 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 12/15] chore(cua): remove debug logs and redundant comments
 from scroll templates

Made-with: Cursor
---
 .../python/anthropic-computer-use/tools/computer.py        | 1 -
 pkg/templates/python/gemini-computer-use/main.py           | 3 +--
 pkg/templates/python/gemini-computer-use/tools/computer.py | 6 ------
 .../python/openagi-computer-use/kernel_handler.py          | 7 +------
 pkg/templates/typescript/gemini-computer-use/index.ts      | 3 +--
 pkg/templates/typescript/gemini-computer-use/loop.ts       | 2 +-
 .../typescript/gemini-computer-use/tools/computer.ts       | 6 ------
 .../typescript/yutori-computer-use/tools/computer.ts       | 1 -
 8 files changed, 4 insertions(+), 25 deletions(-)

diff --git a/pkg/templates/python/anthropic-computer-use/tools/computer.py b/pkg/templates/python/anthropic-computer-use/tools/computer.py
index f765587c..27b3b088 100644
--- a/pkg/templates/python/anthropic-computer-use/tools/computer.py
+++ b/pkg/templates/python/anthropic-computer-use/tools/computer.py
@@ -370,7 +370,6 @@ async def __call__(
             else:
                 x, y = self._last_mouse_position
 
-            # Backend (kernel-images) uses delta_x/delta_y as wheel-event repeat count (notches), not pixels.
             notches = max(scroll_amount or 1, 1)
             delta_x = 0
             delta_y = 0
diff --git a/pkg/templates/python/gemini-computer-use/main.py b/pkg/templates/python/gemini-computer-use/main.py
index ee15c130..1f5bd81e 100644
--- a/pkg/templates/python/gemini-computer-use/main.py
+++ b/pkg/templates/python/gemini-computer-use/main.py
@@ -75,8 +75,7 @@ async def cua_task(
     }
 
 
-# Run locally if executed directly and not in Kernel (no KERNEL_INVOCATION)
-# Execute via: uv run main.py
+# Run locally when not in Kernel invocation. Execute via: uv run main.py
 if __name__ == "__main__" and not os.getenv("KERNEL_INVOCATION"):
     import asyncio
 
diff --git a/pkg/templates/python/gemini-computer-use/tools/computer.py b/pkg/templates/python/gemini-computer-use/tools/computer.py
index ecf9e219..60d4079f 100644
--- a/pkg/templates/python/gemini-computer-use/tools/computer.py
+++ b/pkg/templates/python/gemini-computer-use/tools/computer.py
@@ -21,9 +21,7 @@
 
 TYPING_DELAY_MS = 12
 SCREENSHOT_DELAY_SECS = 0.5
-# Pixels per notch: higher = more conservative (fewer notches). 60–80 avoids overscroll on heavy sites.
 PX_PER_NOTCH = 60
-# Cap total notches per action so large magnitudes don't overscroll on any site.
 MAX_NOTCHES_PER_ACTION = 17
 
 
@@ -138,7 +136,6 @@ async def execute_action(
                 center_x = self.screen_size.width // 2
                 center_y = self.screen_size.height // 2
 
-                # Backend uses notches; Gemini sends magnitude in pixels (default 400). Chunk to avoid per-request cap.
                 magnitude_px = args.get("magnitude", 400)
                 doc_notches = min(MAX_NOTCHES_PER_ACTION, max(1, round(magnitude_px / PX_PER_NOTCH)))
                 direction = args["direction"]
@@ -151,7 +148,6 @@ async def execute_action(
                     delta_x = doc_notches
                 elif direction == "left":
                     delta_x = -doc_notches
-                print(f"[cua-scroll] SCROLL_DOCUMENT direction={direction} magnitude_px={magnitude_px} notches={doc_notches} center=({center_x},{center_y})", flush=True)
                 self.kernel.browsers.computer.scroll(
                     self.session_id,
                     x=center_x,
@@ -169,7 +165,6 @@ async def execute_action(
                 x = self.denormalize_x(args["x"])
                 y = self.denormalize_y(args["y"])
 
-                # Gemini uses magnitude in pixels (default 400). Chunk to avoid per-request cap.
                 magnitude_px = args.get("magnitude", 400)
                 notches = min(MAX_NOTCHES_PER_ACTION, max(1, round(magnitude_px / PX_PER_NOTCH)))
                 direction = args["direction"]
@@ -182,7 +177,6 @@ async def execute_action(
                     delta_x = notches
                 elif direction == "left":
                     delta_x = -notches
-                print(f"[cua-scroll] SCROLL_AT magnitude_px={magnitude_px} notches={notches} x={x} y={y} direction={direction}", flush=True)
                 self.kernel.browsers.computer.scroll(
                     self.session_id,
                     x=x,
diff --git a/pkg/templates/python/openagi-computer-use/kernel_handler.py b/pkg/templates/python/openagi-computer-use/kernel_handler.py
index 0198452a..c3950a04 100644
--- a/pkg/templates/python/openagi-computer-use/kernel_handler.py
+++ b/pkg/templates/python/openagi-computer-use/kernel_handler.py
@@ -244,8 +244,7 @@ def _execute_hotkey(self, keys: list[str]):
         )
 
     def _execute_scroll(self, x: int, y: int, direction: str, notches: int = 1):
-        """Execute a scroll action. One Lux scroll event = 1 notch (OpenAGI often calls scroll N times for amount N)."""
-        # Backend (kernel-images) uses delta_x/delta_y as wheel-event repeat count (notches), not pixels.
+        """Execute a scroll action."""
         notches = max(notches, 1)
         delta_x = 0
         delta_y = 0
@@ -258,10 +257,6 @@ def _execute_scroll(self, x: int, y: int, direction: str, notches: int = 1):
         elif direction == "right":
             delta_x = notches
 
-        print(
-            f"[cua-scroll] SCROLL API call id={self.session.session_id} x={x} y={y} delta_x={delta_x} delta_y={delta_y} (notches={notches})",
-            flush=True,
-        )
         self.session.kernel.browsers.computer.scroll(
             id=self.session.session_id,
             x=x,
diff --git a/pkg/templates/typescript/gemini-computer-use/index.ts b/pkg/templates/typescript/gemini-computer-use/index.ts
index aa1313de..dd55ff10 100644
--- a/pkg/templates/typescript/gemini-computer-use/index.ts
+++ b/pkg/templates/typescript/gemini-computer-use/index.ts
@@ -73,8 +73,7 @@ app.action<QueryInput, QueryOutput>(
   },
 );
 
-// Run locally if executed directly and not in Kernel (no KERNEL_INVOCATION)
-// Execute via: npx tsx index.ts
+// Run locally when not in Kernel invocation. Execute via: npx tsx index.ts
 if (!process.env.KERNEL_INVOCATION && import.meta.url === `file://${process.argv[1]}`) {
   const testQuery = "Navigate to https://www.google.com and describe what you see";
   
diff --git a/pkg/templates/typescript/gemini-computer-use/loop.ts b/pkg/templates/typescript/gemini-computer-use/loop.ts
index 43e00f0a..bc917966 100644
--- a/pkg/templates/typescript/gemini-computer-use/loop.ts
+++ b/pkg/templates/typescript/gemini-computer-use/loop.ts
@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ export async function samplingLoop({
               name: fc.name,
               response: responseData,
               // Include screenshot as inline data
-              ...(result.base64Image && fc.name && isPredefinedFunction(fc.name) ? {
+              ...(result.base64Image && isPredefinedFunction(fc.name) ? {
                 parts: [{
                   inlineData: {
                     mimeType: 'image/png',
diff --git a/pkg/templates/typescript/gemini-computer-use/tools/computer.ts b/pkg/templates/typescript/gemini-computer-use/tools/computer.ts
index 175ecaba..9c459513 100644
--- a/pkg/templates/typescript/gemini-computer-use/tools/computer.ts
+++ b/pkg/templates/typescript/gemini-computer-use/tools/computer.ts
@@ -17,9 +17,7 @@ import {
 
 const TYPING_DELAY_MS = 12;
 const SCREENSHOT_DELAY_MS = 500;
-/** Higher = more conservative (fewer notches). 60–80 avoids overscroll on heavy sites. */
 const PX_PER_NOTCH = 60;
-/** Cap total notches per action so large magnitudes don't overscroll. */
 const MAX_NOTCHES_PER_ACTION = 17;
 
 /**
@@ -153,7 +151,6 @@ export class ComputerTool {
           const centerX = Math.round(this.screenSize.width / 2);
           const centerY = Math.round(this.screenSize.height / 2);
 
-          // Backend uses notches; chunk to avoid per-request cap.
           const magnitudePx = args.magnitude ?? 400;
           const docNotches = Math.min(MAX_NOTCHES_PER_ACTION, Math.max(1, Math.round(magnitudePx / PX_PER_NOTCH)));
           let docDx = 0;
@@ -162,7 +159,6 @@ export class ComputerTool {
           else if (args.direction === 'up') docDy = -docNotches;
           else if (args.direction === 'right') docDx = docNotches;
           else if (args.direction === 'left') docDx = -docNotches;
-          console.info('[cua-scroll] SCROLL_DOCUMENT direction=%s magnitude_px=%d notches=%d x=%d y=%d', args.direction, magnitudePx, docNotches, centerX, centerY);
           await this.kernel.browsers.computer.scroll(this.sessionId, {
             x: centerX,
             y: centerY,
@@ -183,7 +179,6 @@ export class ComputerTool {
           const x = this.denormalizeX(args.x);
           const y = this.denormalizeY(args.y);
 
-          // Chunk to avoid per-request cap.
           const magnitudePx = args.magnitude ?? 400;
           const notches = Math.min(MAX_NOTCHES_PER_ACTION, Math.max(1, Math.round(magnitudePx / PX_PER_NOTCH)));
           let atDx = 0;
@@ -192,7 +187,6 @@ export class ComputerTool {
           else if (args.direction === 'up') atDy = -notches;
           else if (args.direction === 'right') atDx = notches;
           else if (args.direction === 'left') atDx = -notches;
-          console.info('[cua-scroll] SCROLL_AT magnitude_px=%s notches=%d x=%d y=%d direction=%s', magnitudePx, notches, x, y, args.direction);
           await this.kernel.browsers.computer.scroll(this.sessionId, {
             x,
             y,
diff --git a/pkg/templates/typescript/yutori-computer-use/tools/computer.ts b/pkg/templates/typescript/yutori-computer-use/tools/computer.ts
index 6ec7636e..5ba8e09e 100644
--- a/pkg/templates/typescript/yutori-computer-use/tools/computer.ts
+++ b/pkg/templates/typescript/yutori-computer-use/tools/computer.ts
@@ -166,7 +166,6 @@ export class ComputerTool {
       throw new ToolError(`Invalid scroll direction: ${direction}`);
     }
 
-    // Backend (kernel-images) uses delta_x/delta_y as wheel-event repeat count (notches), not pixels.
     let delta_x = 0;
     let delta_y = 0;
 

From 27b9d7e225fba411cd94380237f5154304c0db1b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Daniel Prevoznik <danny@onkernel.com>
Date: Tue, 3 Mar 2026 00:02:32 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 13/15] openagi: remove dead scroll_amount parameter

Scroll amount was stored but never used; the only call to _execute_scroll
hardcoded notches=1. Align with docstring: 1 scroll event = 1 notch, model
controls amount by emitting N scroll actions. Remove parameter and
assignment to fix misleading API.

Made-with: Cursor
---
 pkg/templates/python/openagi-computer-use/kernel_handler.py | 3 ---
 1 file changed, 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/pkg/templates/python/openagi-computer-use/kernel_handler.py b/pkg/templates/python/openagi-computer-use/kernel_handler.py
index c3950a04..3304af62 100644
--- a/pkg/templates/python/openagi-computer-use/kernel_handler.py
+++ b/pkg/templates/python/openagi-computer-use/kernel_handler.py
@@ -46,7 +46,6 @@ def __init__(
         self,
         session: "KernelBrowserSession",
         action_pause: float = 0.1,
-        scroll_amount: int = 3,
         wait_duration: float = 1.0,
         type_delay: int = 50,
     ):
@@ -56,13 +55,11 @@ def __init__(
         Args:
             session: The Kernel browser session to control
             action_pause: Pause between actions in seconds
-            scroll_amount: Amount to scroll (wheel units / notches)
             wait_duration: Duration for wait actions in seconds
             type_delay: Delay between keystrokes in milliseconds
         """
         self.session = session
         self.action_pause = action_pause
-        self.scroll_amount = scroll_amount
         self.wait_duration = wait_duration
         self.type_delay = type_delay
 

From 0190aeabfc9eaaea962983bffabbee836ffbaad2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Daniel Prevoznik <danny@onkernel.com>
Date: Tue, 3 Mar 2026 00:10:44 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 14/15] Remove [cua-scroll] debug print statements from openagi
 and yutori templates

Made-with: Cursor
---
 pkg/templates/python/openagi-computer-use/kernel_handler.py | 2 --
 pkg/templates/python/yutori-computer-use/tools/computer.py  | 4 ----
 2 files changed, 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/pkg/templates/python/openagi-computer-use/kernel_handler.py b/pkg/templates/python/openagi-computer-use/kernel_handler.py
index 3304af62..364a8762 100644
--- a/pkg/templates/python/openagi-computer-use/kernel_handler.py
+++ b/pkg/templates/python/openagi-computer-use/kernel_handler.py
@@ -302,9 +302,7 @@ def _execute_single_action(self, action: Action) -> None:
                 self._execute_type(text, press_enter=press_enter)
 
             case ActionType.SCROLL:
-                print(f"[cua-scroll] SCROLL action raw_arg={arg!r}", flush=True)
                 x, y, direction = self._parse_scroll(arg)
-                print(f"[cua-scroll] SCROLL parsed x={x} y={y} direction={direction}", flush=True)
                 self._execute_scroll(x, y, direction, notches=1)
 
             case ActionType.FINISH:
diff --git a/pkg/templates/python/yutori-computer-use/tools/computer.py b/pkg/templates/python/yutori-computer-use/tools/computer.py
index 4fb9d685..d078aded 100644
--- a/pkg/templates/python/yutori-computer-use/tools/computer.py
+++ b/pkg/templates/python/yutori-computer-use/tools/computer.py
@@ -158,10 +158,6 @@ async def _handle_scroll(self, action: N1Action) -> ToolResult:
         elif direction == "right":
             delta_x = notches
 
-        print(
-            f"[cua-scroll] scroll amount={action.get('amount')} notches={notches} direction={direction} x={coords['x']} y={coords['y']} delta_x={delta_x} delta_y={delta_y}",
-            flush=True,
-        )
         self.kernel.browsers.computer.scroll(
             self.session_id,
             x=coords["x"],

From 6f3501d27967c5d3c7019da2847672eaa5a84bd8 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Daniel Prevoznik <danny@onkernel.com>
Date: Tue, 3 Mar 2026 08:45:52 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 15/15] Rename yutori-computer-use template to yutori

- Template key: yutori-computer-use -> yutori in pkg/create/templates.go
- Rename pkg/templates/python/yutori-computer-use -> python/yutori
- Rename pkg/templates/typescript/yutori-computer-use -> typescript/yutori
- Update .cursor/commands/qa.md to use -t yutori

Made-with: Cursor
---
 .cursor/commands/qa.md                                    | 8 ++++----
 pkg/create/templates.go                                   | 2 +-
 .../python/{yutori-computer-use => yutori}/README.md      | 0
 .../python/{yutori-computer-use => yutori}/_gitignore     | 0
 .../python/{yutori-computer-use => yutori}/loop.py        | 0
 .../python/{yutori-computer-use => yutori}/main.py        | 0
 .../python/{yutori-computer-use => yutori}/pyproject.toml | 0
 .../python/{yutori-computer-use => yutori}/session.py     | 0
 .../{yutori-computer-use => yutori}/tools/__init__.py     | 0
 .../python/{yutori-computer-use => yutori}/tools/base.py  | 0
 .../{yutori-computer-use => yutori}/tools/computer.py     | 0
 .../typescript/{yutori-computer-use => yutori}/README.md  | 0
 .../typescript/{yutori-computer-use => yutori}/_gitignore | 0
 .../typescript/{yutori-computer-use => yutori}/index.ts   | 0
 .../typescript/{yutori-computer-use => yutori}/loop.ts    | 0
 .../{yutori-computer-use => yutori}/package.json          | 0
 .../typescript/{yutori-computer-use => yutori}/session.ts | 0
 .../{yutori-computer-use => yutori}/tools/computer.ts     | 0
 .../{yutori-computer-use => yutori}/tsconfig.json         | 0
 19 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)
 rename pkg/templates/python/{yutori-computer-use => yutori}/README.md (100%)
 rename pkg/templates/python/{yutori-computer-use => yutori}/_gitignore (100%)
 rename pkg/templates/python/{yutori-computer-use => yutori}/loop.py (100%)
 rename pkg/templates/python/{yutori-computer-use => yutori}/main.py (100%)
 rename pkg/templates/python/{yutori-computer-use => yutori}/pyproject.toml (100%)
 rename pkg/templates/python/{yutori-computer-use => yutori}/session.py (100%)
 rename pkg/templates/python/{yutori-computer-use => yutori}/tools/__init__.py (100%)
 rename pkg/templates/python/{yutori-computer-use => yutori}/tools/base.py (100%)
 rename pkg/templates/python/{yutori-computer-use => yutori}/tools/computer.py (100%)
 rename pkg/templates/typescript/{yutori-computer-use => yutori}/README.md (100%)
 rename pkg/templates/typescript/{yutori-computer-use => yutori}/_gitignore (100%)
 rename pkg/templates/typescript/{yutori-computer-use => yutori}/index.ts (100%)
 rename pkg/templates/typescript/{yutori-computer-use => yutori}/loop.ts (100%)
 rename pkg/templates/typescript/{yutori-computer-use => yutori}/package.json (100%)
 rename pkg/templates/typescript/{yutori-computer-use => yutori}/session.ts (100%)
 rename pkg/templates/typescript/{yutori-computer-use => yutori}/tools/computer.ts (100%)
 rename pkg/templates/typescript/{yutori-computer-use => yutori}/tsconfig.json (100%)

diff --git a/.cursor/commands/qa.md b/.cursor/commands/qa.md
index 12504189..efcd1cfe 100644
--- a/.cursor/commands/qa.md
+++ b/.cursor/commands/qa.md
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ Here are all valid language + template combinations:
 | typescript | openai-computer-use    | ts-openai-cua     | ts-openai-cua         | Yes            | OPENAI_API_KEY                 |
 | typescript | gemini-computer-use    | ts-gemini-cua     | ts-gemini-cua         | Yes            | GOOGLE_API_KEY                 |
 | typescript | claude-agent-sdk       | ts-claude-agent-sdk | ts-claude-agent-sdk | Yes            | ANTHROPIC_API_KEY              |
-| typescript | yutori-computer-use    | ts-yutori-cua     | ts-yutori-cua         | Yes            | YUTORI_API_KEY                 |
+| typescript | yutori                 | ts-yutori-cua     | ts-yutori-cua         | Yes            | YUTORI_API_KEY                 |
 
 | python     | sample-app             | py-sample-app     | python-basic          | No             | -                              |
 | python     | gemini-computer-use    | py-gemini-cua     | python-gemini-cua     | Yes            | GOOGLE_API_KEY                 |
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ Here are all valid language + template combinations:
 | python     | openai-computer-use    | py-openai-cua     | python-openai-cua     | Yes            | OPENAI_API_KEY                 |
 | python     | openagi-computer-use   | py-openagi-cua    | python-openagi-cua    | Yes            | OAGI_API_KEY                   |
 | python     | claude-agent-sdk       | py-claude-agent-sdk | py-claude-agent-sdk | Yes            | ANTHROPIC_API_KEY              |
-| python     | yutori-computer-use    | py-yutori-cua     | python-yutori-cua     | Yes            | YUTORI_API_KEY                 |
+| python     | yutori                 | py-yutori-cua     | python-yutori-cua     | Yes            | YUTORI_API_KEY                 |
 
 > **Yutori:** Test both default browser and `"kiosk": true` (uses Playwright for goto_url when kiosk is enabled).
 
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ Run each of these (they are non-interactive when all flags are provided):
 ../bin/kernel create -n ts-openai-cua -l typescript -t openai-computer-use
 ../bin/kernel create -n ts-gemini-cua -l typescript -t gemini-computer-use
 ../bin/kernel create -n ts-claude-agent-sdk -l typescript -t claude-agent-sdk
-../bin/kernel create -n ts-yutori-cua -l typescript -t yutori-computer-use
+../bin/kernel create -n ts-yutori-cua -l typescript -t yutori
 
 # Python templates
 ../bin/kernel create -n py-sample-app -l python -t sample-app
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ Run each of these (they are non-interactive when all flags are provided):
 ../bin/kernel create -n py-openagi-cua -l python -t openagi-computer-use
 ../bin/kernel create -n py-claude-agent-sdk -l python -t claude-agent-sdk
 ../bin/kernel create -n py-gemini-cua -l python -t gemini-computer-use
-../bin/kernel create -n py-yutori-cua -l python -t yutori-computer-use
+../bin/kernel create -n py-yutori-cua -l python -t yutori
 ```
 
 ## Step 5: Deploy Each Template
diff --git a/pkg/create/templates.go b/pkg/create/templates.go
index c9b07b7d..fb5845f3 100644
--- a/pkg/create/templates.go
+++ b/pkg/create/templates.go
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ const (
 	TemplateStagehand            = "stagehand"
 	TemplateOpenAGIComputerUse   = "openagi-computer-use"
 	TemplateClaudeAgentSDK       = "claude-agent-sdk"
-	TemplateYutoriComputerUse    = "yutori-computer-use"
+	TemplateYutoriComputerUse    = "yutori"
 )
 
 type TemplateInfo struct {
diff --git a/pkg/templates/python/yutori-computer-use/README.md b/pkg/templates/python/yutori/README.md
similarity index 100%
rename from pkg/templates/python/yutori-computer-use/README.md
rename to pkg/templates/python/yutori/README.md
diff --git a/pkg/templates/python/yutori-computer-use/_gitignore b/pkg/templates/python/yutori/_gitignore
similarity index 100%
rename from pkg/templates/python/yutori-computer-use/_gitignore
rename to pkg/templates/python/yutori/_gitignore
diff --git a/pkg/templates/python/yutori-computer-use/loop.py b/pkg/templates/python/yutori/loop.py
similarity index 100%
rename from pkg/templates/python/yutori-computer-use/loop.py
rename to pkg/templates/python/yutori/loop.py
diff --git a/pkg/templates/python/yutori-computer-use/main.py b/pkg/templates/python/yutori/main.py
similarity index 100%
rename from pkg/templates/python/yutori-computer-use/main.py
rename to pkg/templates/python/yutori/main.py
diff --git a/pkg/templates/python/yutori-computer-use/pyproject.toml b/pkg/templates/python/yutori/pyproject.toml
similarity index 100%
rename from pkg/templates/python/yutori-computer-use/pyproject.toml
rename to pkg/templates/python/yutori/pyproject.toml
diff --git a/pkg/templates/python/yutori-computer-use/session.py b/pkg/templates/python/yutori/session.py
similarity index 100%
rename from pkg/templates/python/yutori-computer-use/session.py
rename to pkg/templates/python/yutori/session.py
diff --git a/pkg/templates/python/yutori-computer-use/tools/__init__.py b/pkg/templates/python/yutori/tools/__init__.py
similarity index 100%
rename from pkg/templates/python/yutori-computer-use/tools/__init__.py
rename to pkg/templates/python/yutori/tools/__init__.py
diff --git a/pkg/templates/python/yutori-computer-use/tools/base.py b/pkg/templates/python/yutori/tools/base.py
similarity index 100%
rename from pkg/templates/python/yutori-computer-use/tools/base.py
rename to pkg/templates/python/yutori/tools/base.py
diff --git a/pkg/templates/python/yutori-computer-use/tools/computer.py b/pkg/templates/python/yutori/tools/computer.py
similarity index 100%
rename from pkg/templates/python/yutori-computer-use/tools/computer.py
rename to pkg/templates/python/yutori/tools/computer.py
diff --git a/pkg/templates/typescript/yutori-computer-use/README.md b/pkg/templates/typescript/yutori/README.md
similarity index 100%
rename from pkg/templates/typescript/yutori-computer-use/README.md
rename to pkg/templates/typescript/yutori/README.md
diff --git a/pkg/templates/typescript/yutori-computer-use/_gitignore b/pkg/templates/typescript/yutori/_gitignore
similarity index 100%
rename from pkg/templates/typescript/yutori-computer-use/_gitignore
rename to pkg/templates/typescript/yutori/_gitignore
diff --git a/pkg/templates/typescript/yutori-computer-use/index.ts b/pkg/templates/typescript/yutori/index.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from pkg/templates/typescript/yutori-computer-use/index.ts
rename to pkg/templates/typescript/yutori/index.ts
diff --git a/pkg/templates/typescript/yutori-computer-use/loop.ts b/pkg/templates/typescript/yutori/loop.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from pkg/templates/typescript/yutori-computer-use/loop.ts
rename to pkg/templates/typescript/yutori/loop.ts
diff --git a/pkg/templates/typescript/yutori-computer-use/package.json b/pkg/templates/typescript/yutori/package.json
similarity index 100%
rename from pkg/templates/typescript/yutori-computer-use/package.json
rename to pkg/templates/typescript/yutori/package.json
diff --git a/pkg/templates/typescript/yutori-computer-use/session.ts b/pkg/templates/typescript/yutori/session.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from pkg/templates/typescript/yutori-computer-use/session.ts
rename to pkg/templates/typescript/yutori/session.ts
diff --git a/pkg/templates/typescript/yutori-computer-use/tools/computer.ts b/pkg/templates/typescript/yutori/tools/computer.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from pkg/templates/typescript/yutori-computer-use/tools/computer.ts
rename to pkg/templates/typescript/yutori/tools/computer.ts
diff --git a/pkg/templates/typescript/yutori-computer-use/tsconfig.json b/pkg/templates/typescript/yutori/tsconfig.json
similarity index 100%
rename from pkg/templates/typescript/yutori-computer-use/tsconfig.json
rename to pkg/templates/typescript/yutori/tsconfig.json