From 8f06a7be1a98941ef67a64ead77b56d1fd288804 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: chalmer lowe <chalmerlowe@google.com>
Date: Tue, 5 May 2026 15:30:39 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 01/15] feat(core): Update setup.py metadata and
 python_requires

---
 packages/google-cloud-core/setup.py | 3 +--
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/packages/google-cloud-core/setup.py b/packages/google-cloud-core/setup.py
index 556bf4a4ec5a..fae690a14eb4 100644
--- a/packages/google-cloud-core/setup.py
+++ b/packages/google-cloud-core/setup.py
@@ -75,7 +75,6 @@
         "License :: OSI Approved :: Apache Software License",
         "Programming Language :: Python",
         "Programming Language :: Python :: 3",
-        "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9",
         "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10",
         "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.11",
         "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.12",
@@ -88,7 +87,7 @@
     packages=packages,
     install_requires=dependencies,
     extras_require=extras,
-    python_requires=">=3.9",
+    python_requires=">=3.10",
     include_package_data=True,
     zip_safe=False,
 )

From 1be57d4af55f120ea7667bdbe93d344bb247629c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: chalmer lowe <chalmerlowe@google.com>
Date: Tue, 5 May 2026 15:30:47 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 02/15] feat(core): Update Nox sessions to remove old versions

---
 packages/google-cloud-core/noxfile.py | 1 -
 1 file changed, 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/packages/google-cloud-core/noxfile.py b/packages/google-cloud-core/noxfile.py
index 400a0235d6a4..28a2d32f5fff 100644
--- a/packages/google-cloud-core/noxfile.py
+++ b/packages/google-cloud-core/noxfile.py
@@ -25,7 +25,6 @@
 
 DEFAULT_PYTHON_VERSION = "3.14"
 UNIT_TEST_PYTHON_VERSIONS = [
-    "3.9",
     "3.10",
     "3.11",
     "3.12",

From 12569e2f34b5b204618d769199cda73f2947c3b3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: chalmer lowe <chalmerlowe@google.com>
Date: Tue, 5 May 2026 15:31:02 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 03/15] docs(core): Update README and CONTRIBUTING
 documentation

---
 packages/google-cloud-core/CONTRIBUTING.rst | 4 +---
 packages/google-cloud-core/README.rst       | 4 ++--
 2 files changed, 3 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/packages/google-cloud-core/CONTRIBUTING.rst b/packages/google-cloud-core/CONTRIBUTING.rst
index 7295bcacf2a2..d0a0efa25af1 100644
--- a/packages/google-cloud-core/CONTRIBUTING.rst
+++ b/packages/google-cloud-core/CONTRIBUTING.rst
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ In order to add a feature:
   documentation.
 
 - The feature must work fully on the following CPython versions:
-  3.9, 3.10, 3.11, 3.12, 3.13 and 3.14 on both UNIX and Windows.
+  3.10, 3.11, 3.12, 3.13 and 3.14 on both UNIX and Windows.
 
 - The feature must not add unnecessary dependencies (where
   "unnecessary" is of course subjective, but new dependencies should
@@ -197,14 +197,12 @@ Supported Python Versions
 
 We support:
 
--  `Python 3.9`_
 -  `Python 3.10`_
 -  `Python 3.11`_
 -  `Python 3.12`_
 -  `Python 3.13`_
 -  `Python 3.14`_
 
-.. _Python 3.9: https://docs.python.org/3.9/
 .. _Python 3.10: https://docs.python.org/3.10/
 .. _Python 3.11: https://docs.python.org/3.11/
 .. _Python 3.12: https://docs.python.org/3.12/
diff --git a/packages/google-cloud-core/README.rst b/packages/google-cloud-core/README.rst
index bfd89a74e64c..b850aaf8340b 100644
--- a/packages/google-cloud-core/README.rst
+++ b/packages/google-cloud-core/README.rst
@@ -32,9 +32,9 @@ to `Python Development Environment Setup Guide`_ for Google Cloud Platform.
 
 Supported Python Versions
 -------------------------
-Python >= 3.9
+Python >= 3.10
 
 Unsupported Python Versions
 ---------------------------
 
-Python <= 3.8
+Python <= 3.9

From 8fd42a4ddae05d2173db7dad15847b731cc22be8 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: chalmer lowe <chalmerlowe@google.com>
Date: Tue, 5 May 2026 15:31:10 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 04/15] feat(core): Remove compatibility code and fallbacks for
 old versions

---
 .../google-cloud-core/google/cloud/obsolete/__init__.py     | 6 +-----
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/packages/google-cloud-core/google/cloud/obsolete/__init__.py b/packages/google-cloud-core/google/cloud/obsolete/__init__.py
index 1588ea53b770..628c1a2d6f67 100644
--- a/packages/google-cloud-core/google/cloud/obsolete/__init__.py
+++ b/packages/google-cloud-core/google/cloud/obsolete/__init__.py
@@ -14,11 +14,7 @@
 
 """Helpers for deprecated code and modules."""
 
-try:
-    import importlib.metadata as metadata
-except ImportError:
-    # For Python 3.7 compatibility
-    import importlib_metadata as metadata  # type: ignore[no-redef]
+import importlib.metadata as metadata
 
 import warnings
 

From 2814f113e7e5fe3378a68c5e57e1aec18fc70297 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: chalmer lowe <chalmerlowe@google.com>
Date: Tue, 5 May 2026 15:31:34 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 05/15] test(core): Update testing constraints to 3.10 and drop
 3.9

---
 packages/google-cloud-core/pytest.ini                |  5 -----
 .../google-cloud-core/testing/constraints-3.10.txt   | 12 ++++++++++++
 .../google-cloud-core/testing/constraints-3.9.txt    | 12 ------------
 3 files changed, 12 insertions(+), 17 deletions(-)
 delete mode 100644 packages/google-cloud-core/testing/constraints-3.9.txt

diff --git a/packages/google-cloud-core/pytest.ini b/packages/google-cloud-core/pytest.ini
index dd32e71aa024..e6884daf4030 100644
--- a/packages/google-cloud-core/pytest.ini
+++ b/packages/google-cloud-core/pytest.ini
@@ -4,11 +4,6 @@ filterwarnings =
     error
     # Remove once https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/issues/12186 is fixed
     ignore:.*custom tp_new.*in Python 3.14:DeprecationWarning
-    # Remove after support for Python 3.7 is dropped
-    ignore:After January 1, 2024, new releases of this library will drop support for Python 3.7:DeprecationWarning
     # Remove once the minimum supported version of `google-api-core` is 2.15.0
     ignore:.*pkg_resources.declare_namespace:DeprecationWarning
     ignore:.*pkg_resources is deprecated as an API:DeprecationWarning
-    # Remove after support for Python 3.8, 3.9 and/or 3.10+ is dropped
-    ignore:\s*You are using a (non-supported )?Python version \(?3\.(8|9|1[0-9]+):DeprecationWarning
-    ignore:\s*You are using a (non-supported )?Python version \(?3\.(8|9|1[0-9]+):FutureWarning
diff --git a/packages/google-cloud-core/testing/constraints-3.10.txt b/packages/google-cloud-core/testing/constraints-3.10.txt
index e69de29bb2d1..d3737a8c2731 100644
--- a/packages/google-cloud-core/testing/constraints-3.10.txt
+++ b/packages/google-cloud-core/testing/constraints-3.10.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+# This constraints file is used to check that lower bounds
+# are correct in setup.py
+# List *all* library dependencies and extras in this file.
+# Pin the version to the lower bound.
+#
+# e.g., if setup.py has "foo >= 1.14.0, < 2.0.0dev",
+# Then this file should have foo==1.14.0
+google-api-core==2.11.0
+google-auth==2.14.1
+grpcio==1.38.0
+# cryptography is a direct dependency of google-auth
+cryptography==38.0.3
diff --git a/packages/google-cloud-core/testing/constraints-3.9.txt b/packages/google-cloud-core/testing/constraints-3.9.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index d3737a8c2731..000000000000
--- a/packages/google-cloud-core/testing/constraints-3.9.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
-# This constraints file is used to check that lower bounds
-# are correct in setup.py
-# List *all* library dependencies and extras in this file.
-# Pin the version to the lower bound.
-#
-# e.g., if setup.py has "foo >= 1.14.0, < 2.0.0dev",
-# Then this file should have foo==1.14.0
-google-api-core==2.11.0
-google-auth==2.14.1
-grpcio==1.38.0
-# cryptography is a direct dependency of google-auth
-cryptography==38.0.3

From c3e6d630bccc27a97a0fb3bb99fddc413034a9ce Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: chalmer lowe <chalmerlowe@google.com>
Date: Tue, 5 May 2026 15:32:18 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 06/15] fix(core): Bump grpcio to 1.47.0 to fix Python 3.10
 build failures

---
 packages/google-cloud-core/setup.py                     | 4 ++--
 packages/google-cloud-core/testing/constraints-3.10.txt | 2 +-
 2 files changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/packages/google-cloud-core/setup.py b/packages/google-cloud-core/setup.py
index fae690a14eb4..360fdf4cccb5 100644
--- a/packages/google-cloud-core/setup.py
+++ b/packages/google-cloud-core/setup.py
@@ -33,9 +33,9 @@
 ]
 extras = {
     "grpc": [
-        "grpcio >= 1.38.0, < 2.0.0; python_version < '3.14'",
+        "grpcio >= 1.47.0, < 2.0.0; python_version < '3.14'",
         "grpcio >= 1.75.1, < 2.0.0; python_version >= '3.14'",
-        "grpcio-status >= 1.38.0, < 2.0.0",
+        "grpcio-status >= 1.47.0, < 2.0.0",
     ],
 }
 
diff --git a/packages/google-cloud-core/testing/constraints-3.10.txt b/packages/google-cloud-core/testing/constraints-3.10.txt
index d3737a8c2731..9447213dcb2e 100644
--- a/packages/google-cloud-core/testing/constraints-3.10.txt
+++ b/packages/google-cloud-core/testing/constraints-3.10.txt
@@ -7,6 +7,6 @@
 # Then this file should have foo==1.14.0
 google-api-core==2.11.0
 google-auth==2.14.1
-grpcio==1.38.0
+grpcio==1.47.0
 # cryptography is a direct dependency of google-auth
 cryptography==38.0.3

From 92fdf81f4232d2a6dd4c6fb37047179e902c8058 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: chalmer lowe <chalmerlowe@google.com>
Date: Tue, 5 May 2026 16:09:59 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 07/15] fix(core): Restore Python 3.10+ warning ignores in
 pytest.ini

---
 packages/google-cloud-core/pytest.ini | 3 +++
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+)

diff --git a/packages/google-cloud-core/pytest.ini b/packages/google-cloud-core/pytest.ini
index e6884daf4030..15707d8ab68f 100644
--- a/packages/google-cloud-core/pytest.ini
+++ b/packages/google-cloud-core/pytest.ini
@@ -7,3 +7,6 @@ filterwarnings =
     # Remove once the minimum supported version of `google-api-core` is 2.15.0
     ignore:.*pkg_resources.declare_namespace:DeprecationWarning
     ignore:.*pkg_resources is deprecated as an API:DeprecationWarning
+    # Remove after support for Python 3.8, 3.9 and/or 3.10+ is dropped
+    ignore:\s*You are using a (non-supported )?Python version \(?3\.(8|9|1[0-9]+):DeprecationWarning
+    ignore:\s*You are using a (non-supported )?Python version \(?3\.(8|9|1[0-9]+):FutureWarning

From 89f3df1d7bfc34983528f47dae1eef0e081908ad Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: chalmer lowe <chalmerlowe@google.com>
Date: Wed, 6 May 2026 07:13:24 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 08/15] docs(core): Update README and CONTRIBUTING for Python
 3.9 drop

---
 packages/google-cloud-core/CONTRIBUTING.rst | 11 -----------
 packages/google-cloud-core/README.rst       |  2 +-
 2 files changed, 1 insertion(+), 12 deletions(-)

diff --git a/packages/google-cloud-core/CONTRIBUTING.rst b/packages/google-cloud-core/CONTRIBUTING.rst
index d0a0efa25af1..f4ec66686af0 100644
--- a/packages/google-cloud-core/CONTRIBUTING.rst
+++ b/packages/google-cloud-core/CONTRIBUTING.rst
@@ -215,17 +215,6 @@ Supported versions can be found in our ``noxfile.py`` `config`_.
 .. _config: https://github.com/googleapis/google-cloud-python/blob/main/noxfile.py
 
 
-We also explicitly decided to support Python 3 beginning with version 3.9.
-Reasons for this include:
-
--  Encouraging use of newest versions of Python 3
--  Taking the lead of `prominent`_ open-source `projects`_
--  `Unicode literal support`_ which allows for a cleaner codebase that
-   works in both Python 2 and Python 3
-
-.. _prominent: https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.9/faq/install/#what-python-version-can-i-use-with-django
-.. _projects: http://flask.pocoo.org/docs/0.10/python3/
-.. _Unicode literal support: https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0414/
 
 **********
 Versioning
diff --git a/packages/google-cloud-core/README.rst b/packages/google-cloud-core/README.rst
index b850aaf8340b..b7bf1dec9a94 100644
--- a/packages/google-cloud-core/README.rst
+++ b/packages/google-cloud-core/README.rst
@@ -36,5 +36,5 @@ Python >= 3.10
 
 Unsupported Python Versions
 ---------------------------
-
+.. version-scanner: ignore-next-line
 Python <= 3.9

From 8108a40785a1142fb86de5a6ff000f51484c8c09 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: chalmer lowe <chalmerlowe@google.com>
Date: Wed, 6 May 2026 07:13:28 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 09/15] test(core): Add scanner ignores in pytest.ini

---
 packages/google-cloud-core/pytest.ini | 2 ++
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+)

diff --git a/packages/google-cloud-core/pytest.ini b/packages/google-cloud-core/pytest.ini
index 15707d8ab68f..3b0b5917f906 100644
--- a/packages/google-cloud-core/pytest.ini
+++ b/packages/google-cloud-core/pytest.ini
@@ -8,5 +8,7 @@ filterwarnings =
     ignore:.*pkg_resources.declare_namespace:DeprecationWarning
     ignore:.*pkg_resources is deprecated as an API:DeprecationWarning
     # Remove after support for Python 3.8, 3.9 and/or 3.10+ is dropped
+    # version-scanner: ignore-next-line
     ignore:\s*You are using a (non-supported )?Python version \(?3\.(8|9|1[0-9]+):DeprecationWarning
+    # version-scanner: ignore-next-line
     ignore:\s*You are using a (non-supported )?Python version \(?3\.(8|9|1[0-9]+):FutureWarning

From 6399cb3b7462cc9c98fe062e7f4b55dbcd376e97 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: chalmer lowe <chalmerlowe@google.com>
Date: Wed, 6 May 2026 07:13:42 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 10/15] test(core): Add scanner ignore to comment in pytest.ini

---
 packages/google-cloud-core/pytest.ini | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/packages/google-cloud-core/pytest.ini b/packages/google-cloud-core/pytest.ini
index 3b0b5917f906..736f7eb5687c 100644
--- a/packages/google-cloud-core/pytest.ini
+++ b/packages/google-cloud-core/pytest.ini
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ filterwarnings =
     # Remove once the minimum supported version of `google-api-core` is 2.15.0
     ignore:.*pkg_resources.declare_namespace:DeprecationWarning
     ignore:.*pkg_resources is deprecated as an API:DeprecationWarning
-    # Remove after support for Python 3.8, 3.9 and/or 3.10+ is dropped
+    # Remove after support for Python 3.8, 3.9 and/or 3.10+ is dropped # version-scanner: ignore
     # version-scanner: ignore-next-line
     ignore:\s*You are using a (non-supported )?Python version \(?3\.(8|9|1[0-9]+):DeprecationWarning
     # version-scanner: ignore-next-line

From 026ada79ec2c73b9fe6a90181781d9c5053826ce Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: chalmer lowe <chalmerlowe@google.com>
Date: Wed, 6 May 2026 07:14:21 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 11/15] test(core): Update pytest.ini to remove references to
 EOL Python versions

---
 packages/google-cloud-core/pytest.ini | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/packages/google-cloud-core/pytest.ini b/packages/google-cloud-core/pytest.ini
index 736f7eb5687c..8f95a78a31dc 100644
--- a/packages/google-cloud-core/pytest.ini
+++ b/packages/google-cloud-core/pytest.ini
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ filterwarnings =
     # Remove once the minimum supported version of `google-api-core` is 2.15.0
     ignore:.*pkg_resources.declare_namespace:DeprecationWarning
     ignore:.*pkg_resources is deprecated as an API:DeprecationWarning
-    # Remove after support for Python 3.8, 3.9 and/or 3.10+ is dropped # version-scanner: ignore
+    # Remove after support for Python 3.10+ is dropped
     # version-scanner: ignore-next-line
     ignore:\s*You are using a (non-supported )?Python version \(?3\.(8|9|1[0-9]+):DeprecationWarning
     # version-scanner: ignore-next-line

From 32ef71954d2e38558782776912b22459c875c166 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: chalmer lowe <chalmerlowe@google.com>
Date: Wed, 6 May 2026 07:56:27 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 12/15] chore(google-cloud-core): remove scanner pragmas and
 apply formatting

---
 packages/google-cloud-core/noxfile.py | 2 +-
 packages/google-cloud-core/pytest.ini | 2 --
 2 files changed, 1 insertion(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/packages/google-cloud-core/noxfile.py b/packages/google-cloud-core/noxfile.py
index 28a2d32f5fff..18c0e1afa8d5 100644
--- a/packages/google-cloud-core/noxfile.py
+++ b/packages/google-cloud-core/noxfile.py
@@ -341,7 +341,7 @@ def core_deps_from_source(session, protobuf_implementation):
         f"{CURRENT_DIRECTORY}/../google-api-core",
         f"{CURRENT_DIRECTORY}/../google-auth",
         f"{CURRENT_DIRECTORY}/../grpc-google-iam-v1",
-        f"{CURRENT_DIRECTORY}/../proto-plus"
+        f"{CURRENT_DIRECTORY}/../proto-plus",
     ]
 
     for dep in core_dependencies_from_source:
diff --git a/packages/google-cloud-core/pytest.ini b/packages/google-cloud-core/pytest.ini
index 8f95a78a31dc..06dab82feb88 100644
--- a/packages/google-cloud-core/pytest.ini
+++ b/packages/google-cloud-core/pytest.ini
@@ -8,7 +8,5 @@ filterwarnings =
     ignore:.*pkg_resources.declare_namespace:DeprecationWarning
     ignore:.*pkg_resources is deprecated as an API:DeprecationWarning
     # Remove after support for Python 3.10+ is dropped
-    # version-scanner: ignore-next-line
     ignore:\s*You are using a (non-supported )?Python version \(?3\.(8|9|1[0-9]+):DeprecationWarning
-    # version-scanner: ignore-next-line
     ignore:\s*You are using a (non-supported )?Python version \(?3\.(8|9|1[0-9]+):FutureWarning

From c76e31345fa6ac26c5045319125c2de8fb83bd1d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: chalmer lowe <chalmerlowe@google.com>
Date: Wed, 6 May 2026 08:06:26 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 13/15] chore(google-cloud-core): add grpcio-status to
 constraints-3.10.txt

---
 packages/google-cloud-core/testing/constraints-3.10.txt | 1 +
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)

diff --git a/packages/google-cloud-core/testing/constraints-3.10.txt b/packages/google-cloud-core/testing/constraints-3.10.txt
index 9447213dcb2e..b6e9a0b1f23b 100644
--- a/packages/google-cloud-core/testing/constraints-3.10.txt
+++ b/packages/google-cloud-core/testing/constraints-3.10.txt
@@ -8,5 +8,6 @@
 google-api-core==2.11.0
 google-auth==2.14.1
 grpcio==1.47.0
+grpcio-status==1.47.0
 # cryptography is a direct dependency of google-auth
 cryptography==38.0.3

From 4fcaa1efe6c6b8af050c9750dc4d6767d0957092 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: chalmer lowe <chalmerlowe@google.com>
Date: Wed, 6 May 2026 08:34:03 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 14/15] chore(google-cloud-core): remove scanner pragma from
 README.rst to fix lint

---
 packages/google-cloud-core/README.rst | 1 -
 1 file changed, 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/packages/google-cloud-core/README.rst b/packages/google-cloud-core/README.rst
index b7bf1dec9a94..ede55e346a10 100644
--- a/packages/google-cloud-core/README.rst
+++ b/packages/google-cloud-core/README.rst
@@ -36,5 +36,4 @@ Python >= 3.10
 
 Unsupported Python Versions
 ---------------------------
-.. version-scanner: ignore-next-line
 Python <= 3.9

From 382d2eec4aa7bfdd2157580e255d19501065a800 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: chalmer lowe <chalmerlowe@google.com>
Date: Wed, 6 May 2026 09:36:11 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 15/15] docs(google-cloud-core): sync README.rst to docs folder

---
 packages/google-cloud-core/docs/README.rst | 5 ++---
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/packages/google-cloud-core/docs/README.rst b/packages/google-cloud-core/docs/README.rst
index bfd89a74e64c..ede55e346a10 100644
--- a/packages/google-cloud-core/docs/README.rst
+++ b/packages/google-cloud-core/docs/README.rst
@@ -32,9 +32,8 @@ to `Python Development Environment Setup Guide`_ for Google Cloud Platform.
 
 Supported Python Versions
 -------------------------
-Python >= 3.9
+Python >= 3.10
 
 Unsupported Python Versions
 ---------------------------
-
-Python <= 3.8
+Python <= 3.9