diff --git a/packages/quicktype-core/src/language/TypeScriptFlow/TypeScriptFlowBaseRenderer.ts b/packages/quicktype-core/src/language/TypeScriptFlow/TypeScriptFlowBaseRenderer.ts
index 1c282f21a..09c06ee80 100644
--- a/packages/quicktype-core/src/language/TypeScriptFlow/TypeScriptFlowBaseRenderer.ts
+++ b/packages/quicktype-core/src/language/TypeScriptFlow/TypeScriptFlowBaseRenderer.ts
@@ -238,14 +238,14 @@ export abstract class TypeScriptFlowBaseRenderer extends JavaScriptRenderer {
 
     protected emitTypes(): void {
         this.forEachTopLevel("none", (t, name) => {
-            if (!t.isPrimitive() && !(t instanceof ArrayType)) {
+            if (this.namedTypeToNameForTopLevel(t) !== undefined) {
                 return;
             }
 
             this.ensureBlankLine();
             this.emitDescription(this.descriptionForType(t));
             this.emitLine(
-                t instanceof ArrayType ? "export type " : "type ",
+                t.isPrimitive() ? "type " : "export type ",
                 name,
                 " = ",
                 this.sourceFor(t).source,
diff --git a/test/inputs/schema/empty-object.1.fail.json b/test/inputs/schema/empty-object.1.fail.json
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b5d8bb58d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/inputs/schema/empty-object.1.fail.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+[1, 2, 3]
diff --git a/test/inputs/schema/empty-object.1.json b/test/inputs/schema/empty-object.1.json
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0967ef424
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/inputs/schema/empty-object.1.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{}
diff --git a/test/inputs/schema/empty-object.schema b/test/inputs/schema/empty-object.schema
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..f5c0db910
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/inputs/schema/empty-object.schema
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+{
+    "id": "http://json-schema.org/geo",
+    "$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-06/schema#",
+    "type": "object",
+    "properties": {}
+}
diff --git a/test/languages.ts b/test/languages.ts
index ed41f5904..b527cc346 100644
--- a/test/languages.ts
+++ b/test/languages.ts
@@ -1199,7 +1199,11 @@ export const JavaScriptPropTypesLanguage: Language = {
         "spotify-album.json", // renderer does not support recursion
         "76ae1.json", // renderer does not support recursion
     ],
-    skipSchema: ["integer-before-number.schema"], // Python-specific union-order regression.
+    skipSchema: [
+        // The renderer does not support a bare top-level map.
+        "empty-object.schema",
+        "integer-before-number.schema", // Python-specific union-order regression.
+    ],
     skipMiscJSON: false,
     rendererOptions: { "module-system": "es6" },
     quickTestRendererOptions: [{ converters: "top-level" }],
@@ -1372,7 +1376,11 @@ I havea no idea how to encode these tests correctly.
         "php-mixed-union.json",
         "nst-test-suite.json",
     ],
-    skipSchema: ["integer-before-number.schema"], // Python-specific union-order regression.
+    skipSchema: [
+        // The renderer does not support a bare top-level map.
+        "empty-object.schema",
+        "integer-before-number.schema", // Python-specific union-order regression.
+    ],
     skipMiscJSON: false,
     rendererOptions: { "just-types": "true" },
     quickTestRendererOptions: [],
@@ -1917,6 +1925,7 @@ export const HaskellLanguage: Language = {
         "nested-intersection-union.schema",
         "prefix-items.schema",
         "direct-union.schema",
+        "empty-object.schema",
         ...skipsEnumValueValidation,
         ...skipsMapValueValidation,
         "intersection.schema",
@@ -1969,6 +1978,8 @@ export const PHPLanguage: Language = {
     ],
     skipMiscJSON: true,
     skipSchema: [
+        // The renderer does not support a bare top-level map.
+        "empty-object.schema",
         "integer-before-number.schema", // Python-specific union-order regression.
         // PHP class names are case-insensitive, but the namer dedups
         // case-sensitively, so this declares classes that collide (same
@@ -2078,6 +2089,8 @@ export const TypeScriptZodLanguage: Language = {
     ],
     skipMiscJSON: false,
     skipSchema: [
+        // The renderer does not support a bare top-level map.
+        "empty-object.schema",
         "integer-before-number.schema", // Python-specific union-order regression.
         "any.schema",
         ...skipsUntypedUnions,
@@ -2203,6 +2216,8 @@ export const TypeScriptEffectSchemaLanguage: Language = {
     ],
     skipMiscJSON: false,
     skipSchema: [
+        // The renderer does not support a bare top-level map.
+        "empty-object.schema",
         "integer-before-number.schema", // Python-specific union-order regression.
         "any.schema",
         ...skipsUntypedUnions,
@@ -2295,6 +2310,12 @@ export const ElixirLanguage: Language = {
         // for the Elixir emitter could be a user-controlled 'strict' mode that pattern matches even on unions of only primitive types.
         ...skipsMapValueValidation,
 
+        // A bare top-level map is emitted as a Jason.decode!/encode! pass-through
+        // with no shape validation, so the .fail.json case (a non-object) is not
+        // rejected and round-trips instead of exiting nonzero. Same permissiveness
+        // class as go-schema-pattern-properties above.
+        "empty-object.schema",
+
         // The generated top-level type is not emitted as a TopLevel module the fixture can call.
         "recursive-union-flattening.schema",
 
diff --git a/test/unit/typescript-flow-top-level-alias.test.ts b/test/unit/typescript-flow-top-level-alias.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..9af4ec011
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/unit/typescript-flow-top-level-alias.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+// A top-level empty-object schema is inferred as a map.  The schema fixture
+// exercises its generated converters, but those converters inline the map
+// type, so they still compile when the public top-level alias is missing.
+// Assert the declaration itself here to prevent that regression.
+
+import {
+    InputData,
+    JSONSchemaInput,
+    type LanguageName,
+    quicktype,
+} from "quicktype-core";
+import { describe, expect, test } from "vitest";
+
+async function renderSchema(
+    lang: LanguageName,
+    name: string,
+    schema: object,
+): Promise<string> {
+    const schemaInput = new JSONSchemaInput(undefined);
+    await schemaInput.addSource({ name, schema: JSON.stringify(schema) });
+    const inputData = new InputData();
+    inputData.addInput(schemaInput);
+
+    const result = await quicktype({
+        inputData,
+        lang,
+        rendererOptions: { "just-types": true },
+    });
+    return result.lines.join("\n");
+}
+
+const emptyObjectSchema = {
+    $schema: "http://json-schema.org/draft-06/schema#",
+    type: "object",
+    properties: {},
+};
+
+describe("TypeScript/Flow unnamed top-level aliases", () => {
+    test.each([
+        ["typescript", "unknown"],
+        ["flow", "mixed"],
+    ] as const)("%s emits an empty-object map alias", async (lang, anyType) => {
+        const output = await renderSchema(
+            lang,
+            "EmptySchema",
+            emptyObjectSchema,
+        );
+
+        expect(output).toContain(
+            `export type EmptySchema = { [key: string]: ${anyType} };`,
+        );
+    });
+
+    test.each([
+        "typescript",
+        "flow",
+    ] as const)("%s does not alias a map whose value type claims the top-level name", async (lang) => {
+        const output = await renderSchema(lang, "TopLevel", {
+            type: "object",
+            additionalProperties: {
+                type: "object",
+                properties: {
+                    one: { type: "integer" },
+                    two: { type: "boolean" },
+                },
+                required: ["one", "two"],
+            },
+        });
+        const declarations =
+            output.match(/export (?:type|interface) TopLevel\b/g) ?? [];
+
+        expect(declarations).toHaveLength(1);
+    });
+});