11.container-with-most-water.py

#  Tag: Array, Two Pointers, Greedy
#  Time: O(N)
#  Space: O(1)
#  Ref: -
#  Note: -
#  Video: https://youtu.be/hVGHzt1T9Ls

#  You are given an integer array height of length n. There are n vertical lines drawn such that the two endpoints of the ith line are (i, 0) and (i, height[i]).
#  Find two lines that together with the x-axis form a container, such that the container contains the most water.
#  Return the maximum amount of water a container can store.
#  Notice that you may not slant the container.
#   
#  Example 1:
#  
#  
#  Input: height = [1,8,6,2,5,4,8,3,7]
#  Output: 49
#  Explanation: The above vertical lines are represented by array [1,8,6,2,5,4,8,3,7]. In this case, the max area of water (blue section) the container can contain is 49.
#  
#  Example 2:
#  
#  Input: height = [1,1]
#  Output: 1
#  
#   
#  Constraints:
#  
#  n == height.length
#  2 <= n <= 105
#  0 <= height[i] <= 104
#  
#  

class Solution:
    def maxArea(self, height: List[int]) -> int:
        l = 0
        r = len(height) - 1
        res = 0

        while l < r:
            area = min(height[l], height[r]) * (r - l)
            res = max(res, area)

            if height[l] <= height[r]:
                l += 1
            else:
                r -= 1

        return res