diff --git a/src/main/java/org/perlonjava/parser/StringDoubleQuoted.java b/src/main/java/org/perlonjava/parser/StringDoubleQuoted.java
index a682d8fe..e10daea9 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/perlonjava/parser/StringDoubleQuoted.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/perlonjava/parser/StringDoubleQuoted.java
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 import org.perlonjava.lexer.Lexer;
 import org.perlonjava.lexer.LexerToken;
 import org.perlonjava.lexer.LexerTokenType;
+import org.perlonjava.runtime.PerlCompilerException;
 
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.List;
@@ -457,7 +458,20 @@ private void parseDoubleQuotedEscapes() {
             case "$" -> appendToCurrentSegment("$");
 
             // Control character: \cX
-            case "c" -> handleControlCharacter();
+            case "c" -> {
+                var controlChar = TokenUtils.consumeChar(parser);
+                if (controlChar.isEmpty()) {
+                    throw new PerlCompilerException(parser.tokenIndex, "Missing control char name in \\c", parser.ctx.errorUtil);
+                }
+                var c = controlChar.charAt(0);
+                var result = (c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z') ? String.valueOf((char) (c - 'A' + 1))
+                        : (c >= 'a' && c <= 'z') ? String.valueOf((char) (c - 'a' + 1))
+                        : c == '@' ? String.valueOf((char) 0)
+                        : (c >= '[' && c <= '_') ? String.valueOf((char) (c - '[' + 27))
+                        : c == '?' ? String.valueOf((char) 127)
+                        : String.valueOf(c);
+                appendToCurrentSegment(result);
+            }
 
             // Case modification end marker
             case "E" -> {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/perlonjava/parser/StringSegmentParser.java b/src/main/java/org/perlonjava/parser/StringSegmentParser.java
index 0936f35c..05c555b2 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/perlonjava/parser/StringSegmentParser.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/perlonjava/parser/StringSegmentParser.java
@@ -390,7 +390,49 @@ private Node parseSimpleVariableInterpolation(String sigil) {
                 }
             }
 
+            // Special case: empty identifier for $ sigil (like $ at end of string)
+            if ("$".equals(sigil) && identifier.isEmpty()) {
+                // Check if we're at end of string
+                if (parser.tokenIndex >= parser.tokens.size() || 
+                    parser.tokens.get(parser.tokenIndex).type == LexerTokenType.EOF) {
+                    throw new PerlCompilerException(tokenIndex, "Final $ should be \\$ or $name", ctx.errorUtil);
+                }
+            }
+
             return new OperatorNode(sigil, new IdentifierNode(identifier, tokenIndex), tokenIndex);
+        } else {
+            // No identifier found after sigil
+            // Check if we're at end of string for $ sigil
+            if ("$".equals(sigil) && (parser.tokenIndex >= parser.tokens.size() || 
+                parser.tokens.get(parser.tokenIndex).type == LexerTokenType.EOF)) {
+                throw new PerlCompilerException(tokenIndex, "Final $ should be \\$ or $name", ctx.errorUtil);
+            }
+            
+            // For array sigils, check if next token starts with $ (e.g., @$b means array of $b)
+            if ("@".equals(sigil) && parser.tokenIndex < parser.tokens.size()) {
+                LexerToken nextToken = parser.tokens.get(parser.tokenIndex);
+                if (nextToken.text.startsWith("$")) {
+                    // This is @$var - array of scalar variable
+                    // Consume the $ token
+                    TokenUtils.consume(parser);
+                    // Now parse the rest of the identifier
+                    identifier = IdentifierParser.parseComplexIdentifier(parser);
+                    if (identifier == null || identifier.isEmpty()) {
+                        throw new PerlCompilerException(tokenIndex, "Missing identifier after $", ctx.errorUtil);
+                    }
+                    // Return the array of scalar variable
+                    return new OperatorNode(sigil, new OperatorNode("$", new IdentifierNode(identifier, tokenIndex), tokenIndex), tokenIndex);
+                }
+            }
+            if (!"$".equals(sigil)) {
+                throw new PerlCompilerException(tokenIndex, "Missing identifier after " + sigil, ctx.errorUtil);
+            }
+            
+            // For $ sigil with no identifier, check if we're at end of string
+            if (parser.tokenIndex >= parser.tokens.size() || 
+                parser.tokens.get(parser.tokenIndex).type == LexerTokenType.EOF) {
+                throw new PerlCompilerException(tokenIndex, "Final $ should be \\$ or $name", ctx.errorUtil);
+            }
         }
 
         // Handle dereferenced variables: ${$var}, ${${$var}}, etc.
@@ -779,6 +821,13 @@ public void setOriginalStringContent(String content) {
         this.originalStringContent = content;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Gets the original string content.
+     */
+    protected String getOriginalStringContent() {
+        return originalStringContent;
+    }
+
     /**
      * Creates and throws an offset-aware error with correct context.
      * Matches Perl's actual error format for string interpolation errors.
@@ -887,6 +936,11 @@ private boolean shouldInterpolateVariable(String sigil) {
 
         var nextToken = tokens.get(parser.tokenIndex);
         if (nextToken.type == LexerTokenType.EOF) {
+            // Special case: $ at EOF in double-quoted string should generate error
+            // But only for StringDoubleQuoted, not for other contexts like regex
+            if ("$".equals(sigil) && interpolateVariable && !isRegex && !isRegexReplacement) {
+                return true;
+            }
             return false;
         }
 
@@ -934,16 +988,17 @@ private boolean isNonInterpolatingCharacter(String text) {
      */
     void handleControlCharacter() {
         var controlChar = TokenUtils.consumeChar(parser);
-        if (!controlChar.isEmpty()) {
-            var c = controlChar.charAt(0);
-            var result = (c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z') ? String.valueOf((char) (c - 'A' + 1))
-                    : (c >= 'a' && c <= 'z') ? String.valueOf((char) (c - 'a' + 1))
-                    : c == '@' ? String.valueOf((char) 0)
-                    : (c >= '[' && c <= '_') ? String.valueOf((char) (c - '[' + 27))
-                    : c == '?' ? String.valueOf((char) 127)
-                    : String.valueOf(c);
-            appendToCurrentSegment(result);
+        if (controlChar.isEmpty()) {
+            throw new PerlCompilerException(parser.tokenIndex, "Missing control char name in \\c", parser.ctx.errorUtil);
         }
+        var c = controlChar.charAt(0);
+        var result = (c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z') ? String.valueOf((char) (c - 'A' + 1))
+                : (c >= 'a' && c <= 'z') ? String.valueOf((char) (c - 'a' + 1))
+                : c == '@' ? String.valueOf((char) 0)
+                : (c >= '[' && c <= '_') ? String.valueOf((char) (c - '[' + 27))
+                : c == '?' ? String.valueOf((char) 127)
+                : String.valueOf(c);
+        appendToCurrentSegment(result);
     }
 
     /**