FsDiskMountDdDfDuMkfs.rc.md

Disk

List

blkid

Validate

Validate fstab syntax http://serverfault.com/questions/174181/how-do-you-validate-fstab-without-rebooting#509014.

mount --verbose --all --fake

Format by mke2fs

mkfs.ext2 -L fs_boot /dev/sde1

Format by mke2fs to fat32

Format usb to fat32 (a-la mkdosfs)

mkfs.vfat -F 32 /dev/sdg1

Set number of inodes by mke2fs

mkfs.ext4 -N 1000432 /dev/sda5

http://stackoverflow.com/questions/3618820/how-many-bytes-per-inodes.

tune2fs -l /dev/sda5 | grep Inode

Free/used space

df -hi

Directories list sizes

du -sh ./*/

Finding largest files/directories

• http://superuser.com/questions/9847/linux-utility-for-finding-the-largest-files-directories

• http://cyberciti.biz/faq/how-do-i-find-the-largest-filesdirectories-on-a-linuxunixbsd-filesystem/

• http://cyberciti.biz/faq/find-large-files-linux/

  du --all /var/log | sort --numeric-sort --reverse | head --lines=20 du --human-readable --one-file-system ./ | grep --extended-regexp ^[0-9.,]+[MG] find -ctime +30 -daystart -type d
  | xargs du -b 2>/dev/null
  | awk '{total += $1; print $0} END{print total}'

Get UUID ^_787061077

ls -l /dev/disk/by-uuid | grep sda1

dd copy partition

• https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Disk_cloning

• http://askubuntu.com/questions/173907/when-cloning-ext4-partition-with-the-dd-command-to-a-bigger-partition-free-spa#173968

• https://linode.com/docs/migrate-to-linode/disk-images/copying-a-disk-image-to-a-different-account#copying-the-disk-image

  dd if=/dev/your-source1 of=/dev/your-destination1 bs=512 conv=sync

dd free free space

resize2fs /dev/sda99

dd create ISO

Copy from cd-rom disc to ISO image

dd if=/dev/cdrom of=myimage.iso

dd create usb

Copy ISO image to bootable usb

dd if=path/to/your.iso of=/dev/your-usb

dd benchmark

https://haydenjames.io/web-host-doesnt-want-read-benchmark-vps

dd if=/dev/zero of=/tmp/foobar bs=1M count=1024 conv=fdatasync

dd other

dd if=/dev/sdb of=mybackup.img bs=130M count=1
dd if=bootldr.rom of=/dev/sdb
dd if=debian-eeepc.img of=/dev/sdf

Free space/space usage

• dust show disk space usage, is an du replacement https://github.com/bootandy/dust
• diskonaut terminal disk space navigator https://github.com/imsnif/diskonaut
• ncdu show disk space usage, is an baobab and gt5 replacement https://dev.yorhel.nl/ncdu

Find duplicate files

• ddh https://github.com/darakian/ddh. PROS: Rust.
• fclones https://github.com/pkolaczk/fclones. PROS: Rust.
• fdupes https://github.com/adrianlopezroche/fdupes. PROS: C.
• jdupes https://github.com/jbruchon/jdupes. PROS: C.
• rdfind https://github.com/pauldreik/rdfind. PROS: C++.
• rmlint https://github.com/sahib/rmlint. PROS: C.
• https://github.com/justinhj/justinhj-emacs-utils emacs dired
• http://justinsboringpage.blogspot.ru/2011/06/finding-duplicate-files-in-dired-buffer.html emacs dired
• https://www.emacswiki.org/emacs/RemoveDuplicateFiles emacs dired

Mount cdrom

blkid
mount /dev/sr0 path/to/mnt

Mount raw disk image (ext3, ext4 and so on)

https://askubuntu.com/questions/69363/mount-single-partition-from-image-of-entire-disk-device#69447

Get the sector size and the sector start of the partition:

# fdisk -lu path/to/image.raw
Disk path/to/image.raw: 90 GiB, 96636764160 bytes, 188743680 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x000b7568
Device             Boot Start       End   Sectors Size Id Type
path/to/image.raw1       2048     63487     61440  30M 82 Linux swap / Solaris
path/to/image.raw2 *    63488 188743678 188680191  90G 83 Linux

Calculate the offset from the start of the image to the partition start multiplying sector size to sector start: 512 * 63488 = 32505856

Mount partition on loop devices:

losetup -o 32505856 /dev/loop0 path/to/image.raw

Mount partition on file system:

mount /dev/loop0 /mnt/image_raw

fdupes find duplicate files

https://github.com/adrianlopezroche/fdupes, https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/71176/find-duplicate-files#71178

fdupes --recurse .

fslint find duplicate files

https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/71176/find-duplicate-files#71201

/usr/share/fslint/fslint/findup ./

Check disk

Check/clean disk after reboot

touch /forcefsck

USB Win

https://askubuntu.com/questions/1281698/what-is-the-best-way-to-format-a-usb-stick-such-that-it-can-be-used-with-both-li#1281771

fdisk /dev/sda
n
t 7
mkfs.exfat /dev/sda1

Other

bchunk Dungeon_Keeper.BIN Dungeon_Keeper.cue Dungeon_Keeper.iso
modprobe loop && mount -t iso9660 -o loop tmp/fdfullcd.iso mnt/iso
mount -t vfat /dev/sdc1 mnt/usbdisk/ \
      -o uid=danil,gid=danil,nosuid,shortname=mixed,umask=077
mount -t ext2 ~/restore.img /mnt/img -o ro,loop,offset=32256
mount -t cifs "//192.168.91.3/store (e)" mnt/black_server/ \
      -o "workgroup=darout,username=danil,iocharset=utf8,codepage=cp1251"
mount --rbind olddir newdir
fsck /dev/sdg1