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JVM


Role of the JVM

  • It reads Java applications through the class loader and executes them together with the Java API
  • The JVM acts as an intermediary between Java and the OS
    • It allows Java to be reusable regardless of the OS
  • It performs the most important task: memory management, i.e., Garbage Collection

Java Program Execution Process

  • When a program is executed, the JVM allocates memory needed by the program from the OS
    • The JVM divides this memory into several areas according to their purpose and manages them
  • The Java compiler (javac) reads the Java source code (.java) and converts it into Java bytecode (.class)
  • Class files are loaded into the JVM through the Class loader
  • The loaded class files are interpreted through the Execution engine
  • The interpreted bytecode is placed in the Runtime Data Areas where actual execution takes place
    • Runtime Data Areas: Memory space allocated from the OS to execute the program

During this process, the JVM performs management tasks such as Thread Synchronization and GC as needed