diff --git a/config/terrain_estimation/voxel_to_bev_8.yaml b/config/terrain_estimation/voxel_to_bev_8.yaml
index 95ac36d..1933cb8 100644
--- a/config/terrain_estimation/voxel_to_bev_8.yaml
+++ b/config/terrain_estimation/voxel_to_bev_8.yaml
@@ -61,6 +61,19 @@
 
             # kernel_radius: 0.5
             # kernel_sharpness: 1.0
+-
+    type: roughness
+    args:
+        # input_layer: min_elevation_filtered_inflated
+        input_layer: terrain
+        mask_layer: min_elevation_filtered_mask
+
+        thresh: 0.05 #at least this frac of neighboring cells in the kernel must be observed
+
+        kernel_params:
+            kernel_type: gaussian
+
+            kernel_radius: 2.0 #kernel radius in m
 
 - 
     type: slope
diff --git a/physics_atv_visual_mapping/terrain_estimation/processing_blocks/roughness.py b/physics_atv_visual_mapping/terrain_estimation/processing_blocks/roughness.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..affdcf4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/physics_atv_visual_mapping/terrain_estimation/processing_blocks/roughness.py
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+import torch
+import torch_scatter
+
+from physics_atv_visual_mapping.terrain_estimation.processing_blocks.base import TerrainEstimationBlock
+from physics_atv_visual_mapping.terrain_estimation.processing_blocks.utils import setup_kernel, apply_kernel
+from physics_atv_visual_mapping.feature_key_list import FeatureKeyList
+
+class Roughness(TerrainEstimationBlock):
+    """
+    Compute a per-cell min and max height
+    """
+    def __init__(self, voxel_metadata, voxel_feature_keys, input_layer, mask_layer, kernel_params, thresh, device):
+        """
+        Args:
+            thresh: at least this fraction of neighboring cells must be observed
+        """
+        super().__init__(voxel_metadata, voxel_feature_keys, device)
+        self.input_layer = input_layer
+        self.mask_layer = mask_layer
+        
+        self.kernel = setup_kernel(**kernel_params, metadata=voxel_metadata).to(device)
+        self.thresh = thresh * self.kernel.sum()
+        
+    def to(self, device):
+        self.device = device
+        return self
+
+    @property
+    def output_feature_keys(self):
+        return FeatureKeyList(
+            label = ["roughness"],
+            metainfo = ["terrain_estimation"]
+        )
+
+    def run(self, voxel_grid, bev_grid):
+        input_idx = bev_grid.feature_keys.index(self.input_layer)
+        input_data = bev_grid.data[..., input_idx].clone()
+
+        mask_idx = bev_grid.feature_keys.index(self.mask_layer)
+        valid_mask = bev_grid.data[..., mask_idx] > 1e-4
+
+        input_data[~valid_mask] = 0.
+        input_data_sq = torch.pow(input_data, 2)
+
+        sum_x = apply_kernel(kernel=self.kernel, data=input_data)      
+        sum_x2 = apply_kernel(kernel=self.kernel, data=input_data_sq)  
+        count = apply_kernel(kernel=self.kernel, data=valid_mask.float()) 
+
+        roughness = torch.zeros_like(input_data)
+
+        # var = E[x^2] - E[x]^2
+        E_x2 = sum_x2[valid_mask] / count[valid_mask]
+        E_x = sum_x[valid_mask] / count[valid_mask]
+
+        roughness[valid_mask] = torch.sqrt(E_x2 - (torch.pow(E_x, 2)))
+
+        output_data_idx = bev_grid.feature_keys.index(self.output_feature_keys.label[0])
+
+        bev_grid.data[..., output_data_idx] = roughness
+
+        return bev_grid
diff --git a/physics_atv_visual_mapping/terrain_estimation/terrain_estimation_pipeline.py b/physics_atv_visual_mapping/terrain_estimation/terrain_estimation_pipeline.py
index 513abca..6acac4f 100644
--- a/physics_atv_visual_mapping/terrain_estimation/terrain_estimation_pipeline.py
+++ b/physics_atv_visual_mapping/terrain_estimation/terrain_estimation_pipeline.py
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
 from physics_atv_visual_mapping.terrain_estimation.processing_blocks.terrain_inflation import TerrainInflation
 from physics_atv_visual_mapping.terrain_estimation.processing_blocks.mrf_terrain_estimation import MRFTerrainEstimation
 from physics_atv_visual_mapping.terrain_estimation.processing_blocks.porosity import Porosity
+from physics_atv_visual_mapping.terrain_estimation.processing_blocks.roughness import Roughness
 from physics_atv_visual_mapping.terrain_estimation.processing_blocks.sdf import SDF
 from physics_atv_visual_mapping.terrain_estimation.processing_blocks.slope import Slope
 from physics_atv_visual_mapping.terrain_estimation.processing_blocks.terrain_normals_gradient import TerrainNormalsGradient
@@ -44,6 +45,8 @@ def setup_terrain_estimation_pipeline(config, voxel_grid):
             block = MRFTerrainEstimation(**block_config["args"])
         elif btype == "porosity":
             block = Porosity(**block_config["args"])
+        elif btype == "roughness":
+            block = Roughness(**block_config["args"])
         elif btype == "slope":
             block = Slope(**block_config["args"])
         elif btype == "normals_sobel":