diff --git a/src/wp-includes/class-wp-script-modules.php b/src/wp-includes/class-wp-script-modules.php
index abbbd6383fec6..56bc3c5d34444 100644
--- a/src/wp-includes/class-wp-script-modules.php
+++ b/src/wp-includes/class-wp-script-modules.php
@@ -533,13 +533,77 @@ public function print_import_map() {
 	 * Returns the import map array.
 	 *
 	 * @since 6.5.0
+	 * @since 7.0.0 Script module dependencies ('module_dependencies') of classic scripts are now included.
+	 *
+	 * @global WP_Scripts $wp_scripts
 	 *
 	 * @return array<string, array<string, string>> Array with an `imports` key mapping to an array of script module
 	 *                                              identifiers and their respective URLs, including the version query.
 	 */
 	private function get_import_map(): array {
+		global $wp_scripts;
+
 		$imports = array();
-		foreach ( array_keys( $this->get_dependencies( $this->queue ) ) as $id ) {
+
+		// Identify script modules that are dependencies of classic scripts.
+		$classic_script_module_dependencies = array();
+		if ( $wp_scripts instanceof WP_Scripts ) {
+			$handles = array_merge(
+				$wp_scripts->queue,
+				$wp_scripts->to_do,
+				$wp_scripts->done
+			);
+
+			$processed = array();
+			while ( ! empty( $handles ) ) {
+				$handle = array_pop( $handles );
+				if ( isset( $processed[ $handle ] ) || ! isset( $wp_scripts->registered[ $handle ] ) ) {
+					continue;
+				}
+				$processed[ $handle ] = true;
+
+				$module_dependencies = $wp_scripts->get_data( $handle, 'module_dependencies' );
+				if ( is_array( $module_dependencies ) ) {
+					$missing_module_dependencies = array();
+					foreach ( $module_dependencies as $id ) {
+						if ( ! isset( $this->registered[ $id ] ) ) {
+							$missing_module_dependencies[] = $id;
+						} else {
+							$classic_script_module_dependencies[] = $id;
+						}
+					}
+
+					if ( count( $missing_module_dependencies ) > 0 ) {
+						_doing_it_wrong(
+							'WP_Scripts::add_data',
+							sprintf(
+								/* translators: 1: Script handle, 2: 'module_dependencies', 3: List of missing dependency IDs. */
+								__( 'The script with the handle "%1$s" was enqueued with script module dependencies ("%2$s") that are not registered: %3$s.' ),
+								$handle,
+								'module_dependencies',
+								implode( wp_get_list_item_separator(), $missing_module_dependencies )
+							),
+							'7.0.0'
+						);
+					}
+				}
+
+				foreach ( $wp_scripts->registered[ $handle ]->deps as $dep ) {
+					if ( ! isset( $processed[ $dep ] ) ) {
+						$handles[] = $dep;
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		// Note: the script modules in $this->queue are not included in the importmap because they get printed as scripts.
+		$ids = array_unique(
+			array_merge(
+				$classic_script_module_dependencies,
+				array_keys( $this->get_dependencies( array_merge( $this->queue, $classic_script_module_dependencies ) ) )
+			)
+		);
+		foreach ( $ids as $id ) {
 			$src = $this->get_src( $id );
 			if ( '' !== $src ) {
 				$imports[ $id ] = $src;
diff --git a/src/wp-includes/class-wp-scripts.php b/src/wp-includes/class-wp-scripts.php
index 0ed7087a93f4c..fcc4fe0e5a04c 100644
--- a/src/wp-includes/class-wp-scripts.php
+++ b/src/wp-includes/class-wp-scripts.php
@@ -920,6 +920,45 @@ public function add_data( $handle, $key, $value ) {
 				);
 				return false;
 			}
+		} elseif ( 'module_dependencies' === $key ) {
+			if ( ! is_array( $value ) ) {
+				_doing_it_wrong(
+					__METHOD__,
+					sprintf(
+						/* translators: 1: 'module_dependencies', 2: Script handle. */
+						__( 'The value for "%1$s" must be an array for the "%2$s" script.' ),
+						'module_dependencies',
+						$handle
+					),
+					'7.0.0'
+				);
+				return false;
+			}
+
+			$sanitized_value = array();
+			$has_invalid_ids = false;
+			foreach ( $value as $id ) {
+				if ( ! is_string( $id ) ) {
+					$has_invalid_ids = true;
+				} else {
+					$sanitized_value[] = $id;
+				}
+			}
+
+			if ( $has_invalid_ids ) {
+				_doing_it_wrong(
+					__METHOD__,
+					sprintf(
+						/* translators: 1: Script handle, 2: 'module_dependencies' */
+						__( 'The script handle "%1$s" has one or more of its script module dependencies ("%2$s") which are not strings.' ),
+						$handle,
+						'module_dependencies'
+					),
+					'7.0.0'
+				);
+			}
+
+			$value = $sanitized_value;
 		}
 		return parent::add_data( $handle, $key, $value );
 	}
diff --git a/src/wp-includes/functions.wp-scripts.php b/src/wp-includes/functions.wp-scripts.php
index f1a9b2afd6b7c..23ed882517ba7 100644
--- a/src/wp-includes/functions.wp-scripts.php
+++ b/src/wp-includes/functions.wp-scripts.php
@@ -68,6 +68,47 @@ function _wp_scripts_maybe_doing_it_wrong( $function_name, $handle = '' ) {
 	);
 }
 
+/**
+ * Adds the data for the recognized args and warns for unrecognized args.
+ *
+ * @ignore
+ * @since 7.0.0
+ *
+ * @param string     $function_name Function name.
+ * @param WP_Scripts $wp_scripts    WP_Scripts instance.
+ * @param string     $handle        Script handle.
+ * @param array      $args          Array of extra args for the script.
+ */
+function _wp_scripts_add_args_data( string $function_name, WP_Scripts $wp_scripts, string $handle, array $args ) {
+	$allowed_keys = array( 'strategy', 'in_footer', 'fetchpriority', 'module_dependencies' );
+	$unknown_keys = array_diff( array_keys( $args ), $allowed_keys );
+	if ( ! empty( $unknown_keys ) ) {
+		_doing_it_wrong(
+			$function_name,
+			sprintf(
+				/* translators: 1: $args, 2: List of unrecognized keys. */
+				__( 'Unrecognized keys in the %1$s array: %2$s.' ),
+				'$args',
+				implode( wp_get_list_item_separator(), $unknown_keys )
+			),
+			'7.0.0'
+		);
+	}
+
+	if ( ! empty( $args['in_footer'] ) ) {
+		$wp_scripts->add_data( $handle, 'group', 1 );
+	}
+	if ( ! empty( $args['strategy'] ) ) {
+		$wp_scripts->add_data( $handle, 'strategy', $args['strategy'] );
+	}
+	if ( ! empty( $args['fetchpriority'] ) ) {
+		$wp_scripts->add_data( $handle, 'fetchpriority', $args['fetchpriority'] );
+	}
+	if ( ! empty( $args['module_dependencies'] ) ) {
+		$wp_scripts->add_data( $handle, 'module_dependencies', $args['module_dependencies'] );
+	}
+}
+
 /**
  * Prints scripts in document head that are in the $handles queue.
  *
@@ -159,22 +200,24 @@ function wp_add_inline_script( $handle, $data, $position = 'after' ) {
  * @since 4.3.0 A return value was added.
  * @since 6.3.0 The $in_footer parameter of type boolean was overloaded to be an $args parameter of type array.
  * @since 6.9.0 The $fetchpriority parameter of type string was added to the $args parameter of type array.
- *
- * @param string                          $handle Name of the script. Should be unique.
- * @param string|false                    $src    Full URL of the script, or path of the script relative to the WordPress root directory.
- *                                                If source is set to false, script is an alias of other scripts it depends on.
- * @param string[]                        $deps   Optional. An array of registered script handles this script depends on. Default empty array.
- * @param string|bool|null                $ver    Optional. String specifying script version number, if it has one, which is added to the URL
- *                                                as a query string for cache busting purposes. If version is set to false, a version
- *                                                number is automatically added equal to current installed WordPress version.
- *                                                If set to null, no version is added.
- * @param array<string, string|bool>|bool $args   {
- *     Optional. An array of additional script loading strategies. Default empty array.
+ * @since 7.0.0 The $module_dependencies parameter of type string[] was added to the $args parameter of type array.
+ *
+ * @param string                                   $handle Name of the script. Should be unique.
+ * @param string|false                             $src    Full URL of the script, or path of the script relative to the WordPress root directory.
+ *                                                         If source is set to false, script is an alias of other scripts it depends on.
+ * @param string[]                                 $deps   Optional. An array of registered script handles this script depends on. Default empty array.
+ * @param string|bool|null                         $ver    Optional. String specifying script version number, if it has one, which is added to the URL
+ *                                                         as a query string for cache busting purposes. If version is set to false, a version
+ *                                                         number is automatically added equal to current installed WordPress version.
+ *                                                         If set to null, no version is added.
+ * @param array<string, string|bool|string[]>|bool $args   {
+ *     Optional. An array of extra args for the script. Default empty array.
  *     Otherwise, it may be a boolean in which case it determines whether the script is printed in the footer. Default false.
  *
- *     @type string    $strategy      Optional. If provided, may be either 'defer' or 'async'.
- *     @type bool      $in_footer     Optional. Whether to print the script in the footer. Default 'false'.
- *     @type string    $fetchpriority Optional. The fetch priority for the script. Default 'auto'.
+ *     @type string   $strategy            Optional. If provided, may be either 'defer' or 'async'.
+ *     @type bool     $in_footer           Optional. Whether to print the script in the footer. Default 'false'.
+ *     @type string   $fetchpriority       Optional. The fetch priority for the script. Default 'auto'.
+ *     @type string[] $module_dependencies Optional. IDs for module dependencies loaded via dynamic import. Default empty array.
  * }
  * @return bool Whether the script has been registered. True on success, false on failure.
  */
@@ -189,15 +232,8 @@ function wp_register_script( $handle, $src, $deps = array(), $ver = false, $args
 	$wp_scripts = wp_scripts();
 
 	$registered = $wp_scripts->add( $handle, $src, $deps, $ver );
-	if ( ! empty( $args['in_footer'] ) ) {
-		$wp_scripts->add_data( $handle, 'group', 1 );
-	}
-	if ( ! empty( $args['strategy'] ) ) {
-		$wp_scripts->add_data( $handle, 'strategy', $args['strategy'] );
-	}
-	if ( ! empty( $args['fetchpriority'] ) ) {
-		$wp_scripts->add_data( $handle, 'fetchpriority', $args['fetchpriority'] );
-	}
+	_wp_scripts_add_args_data( __FUNCTION__, $wp_scripts, $handle, $args );
+
 	return $registered;
 }
 
@@ -345,22 +381,24 @@ function wp_deregister_script( $handle ) {
  * @since 2.1.0
  * @since 6.3.0 The $in_footer parameter of type boolean was overloaded to be an $args parameter of type array.
  * @since 6.9.0 The $fetchpriority parameter of type string was added to the $args parameter of type array.
- *
- * @param string                          $handle Name of the script. Should be unique.
- * @param string                          $src    Full URL of the script, or path of the script relative to the WordPress root directory.
- *                                                Default empty.
- * @param string[]                        $deps   Optional. An array of registered script handles this script depends on. Default empty array.
- * @param string|bool|null                $ver    Optional. String specifying script version number, if it has one, which is added to the URL
- *                                                as a query string for cache busting purposes. If version is set to false, a version
- *                                                number is automatically added equal to current installed WordPress version.
- *                                                If set to null, no version is added.
- * @param array<string, string|bool>|bool $args   {
- *     Optional. An array of additional script loading strategies. Default empty array.
+ * @since 7.0.0 The $module_dependencies parameter of type string[] was added to the $args parameter of type array.
+ *
+ * @param string                                   $handle Name of the script. Should be unique.
+ * @param string                                   $src    Full URL of the script, or path of the script relative to the WordPress root directory.
+ *                                                         Default empty.
+ * @param string[]                                 $deps   Optional. An array of registered script handles this script depends on. Default empty array.
+ * @param string|bool|null                         $ver    Optional. String specifying script version number, if it has one, which is added to the URL
+ *                                                         as a query string for cache busting purposes. If version is set to false, a version
+ *                                                         number is automatically added equal to current installed WordPress version.
+ *                                                         If set to null, no version is added.
+ * @param array<string, string|bool|string[]>|bool $args   {
+ *     Optional. An array of extra args for the script. Default empty array.
  *     Otherwise, it may be a boolean in which case it determines whether the script is printed in the footer. Default false.
  *
- *     @type string    $strategy      Optional. If provided, may be either 'defer' or 'async'.
- *     @type bool      $in_footer     Optional. Whether to print the script in the footer. Default 'false'.
- *     @type string    $fetchpriority Optional. The fetch priority for the script. Default 'auto'.
+ *     @type string   $strategy            Optional. If provided, may be either 'defer' or 'async'.
+ *     @type bool     $in_footer           Optional. Whether to print the script in the footer. Default 'false'.
+ *     @type string   $fetchpriority       Optional. The fetch priority for the script. Default 'auto'.
+ *     @type string[] $module_dependencies Optional. IDs for module dependencies loaded via dynamic import. Default empty array.
  * }
  */
 function wp_enqueue_script( $handle, $src = '', $deps = array(), $ver = false, $args = array() ) {
@@ -379,14 +417,8 @@ function wp_enqueue_script( $handle, $src = '', $deps = array(), $ver = false, $
 		if ( $src ) {
 			$wp_scripts->add( $_handle[0], $src, $deps, $ver );
 		}
-		if ( ! empty( $args['in_footer'] ) ) {
-			$wp_scripts->add_data( $_handle[0], 'group', 1 );
-		}
-		if ( ! empty( $args['strategy'] ) ) {
-			$wp_scripts->add_data( $_handle[0], 'strategy', $args['strategy'] );
-		}
-		if ( ! empty( $args['fetchpriority'] ) ) {
-			$wp_scripts->add_data( $_handle[0], 'fetchpriority', $args['fetchpriority'] );
+		if ( ! empty( $args ) ) {
+			_wp_scripts_add_args_data( __FUNCTION__, $wp_scripts, $_handle[0], $args );
 		}
 	}
 
diff --git a/tests/phpunit/tests/dependencies/scripts.php b/tests/phpunit/tests/dependencies/scripts.php
index 846cbb125d26c..f979e2320396c 100644
--- a/tests/phpunit/tests/dependencies/scripts.php
+++ b/tests/phpunit/tests/dependencies/scripts.php
@@ -105,6 +105,73 @@ public function get_script_html() {
 		$this->assertEqualHTML( $expected, $processor->get_script_html(), '<body>', $message );
 	}
 
+	/**
+	 * Tests that scripts trigger _doing_it_wrong for unrecognized keys in the $args array.
+	 *
+	 * @ticket 63486
+	 *
+	 * @covers ::wp_register_script
+	 * @covers ::wp_enqueue_script
+	 * @covers ::_wp_scripts_add_args_data
+	 *
+	 * @dataProvider data_unrecognized_keys_in_args
+	 *
+	 * @param string $function_name Function name to call.
+	 * @param array  $args          Arguments to pass to the function.
+	 * @param string $expected_msg  Expected error message substring.
+	 */
+	public function test_unrecognized_keys_in_args( string $function_name, array $args, string $expected_msg ) {
+		$this->setExpectedIncorrectUsage( $function_name );
+
+		call_user_func_array( $function_name, $args );
+
+		$this->assertStringContainsString(
+			$expected_msg,
+			$this->caught_doing_it_wrong[ $function_name ]
+		);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Data provider for test_unrecognized_keys_in_args.
+	 *
+	 * @return array<string, array{function_name: string, args: array, expected_msg: string}>
+	 */
+	public function data_unrecognized_keys_in_args(): array {
+		return array(
+			'register_script' => array(
+				'function_name' => 'wp_register_script',
+				'args'          => array(
+					'unrecognized-key-register',
+					'/script.js',
+					array(),
+					null,
+					array(
+						'unrecognized_key' => 'value',
+						'another_bad_key'  => 'value',
+					),
+				),
+				'expected_msg'  => 'Unrecognized keys in the $args array: unrecognized_key, another_bad_key',
+			),
+			'enqueue_script'  => array(
+				'function_name' => 'wp_enqueue_script',
+				'args'          => array(
+					'unrecognized-key-enqueue',
+					'/script.js',
+					array(),
+					null,
+					array(
+						'strategy'            => 'defer',
+						'in_footer'           => true,
+						'fetchpriority'       => 'high',
+						'module_dependencies' => array( 'foo' ),
+						'invalid_key'         => 'bar',
+					),
+				),
+				'expected_msg'  => 'Unrecognized keys in the $args array: invalid_key',
+			),
+		);
+	}
+
 	/**
 	 * Test versioning
 	 *
@@ -1277,6 +1344,58 @@ public function test_invalid_fetchpriority_on_alias() {
 		$this->assertArrayNotHasKey( 'fetchpriority', wp_scripts()->registered['alias']->extra );
 	}
 
+	/**
+	 * Tests validation of module_dependencies in WP_Scripts::add_data().
+	 *
+	 * @ticket 61500
+	 *
+	 * @covers WP_Scripts::add_data
+	 *
+	 * @dataProvider data_add_data_module_dependencies_validation
+	 *
+	 * @param mixed      $data     Data to add.
+	 * @param string     $message  Expected error message.
+	 * @param bool       $expected Expected return value.
+	 * @param array|null $stored   Expected stored value.
+	 */
+	public function test_add_data_module_dependencies_validation( $data, string $message, bool $expected, ?array $stored ) {
+		wp_register_script( 'test-script', '/test.js' );
+
+		$expected_incorrect_usage = 'WP_Scripts::add_data';
+		$this->setExpectedIncorrectUsage( $expected_incorrect_usage );
+
+		$this->assertSame( $expected, wp_scripts()->add_data( 'test-script', 'module_dependencies', $data ) );
+		$this->assertStringContainsString( $message, $this->caught_doing_it_wrong[ $expected_incorrect_usage ] );
+
+		if ( null === $stored ) {
+			$this->assertFalse( wp_scripts()->get_data( 'test-script', 'module_dependencies' ) );
+		} else {
+			$this->assertSame( $stored, wp_scripts()->get_data( 'test-script', 'module_dependencies' ) );
+		}
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Data provider.
+	 *
+	 * @return array<string, array{data: mixed, message: string, expected: bool, stored: string[]|null}>
+	 */
+	public function data_add_data_module_dependencies_validation(): array {
+		return array(
+			'non-array' => array(
+				'data'     => 'not-an-array',
+				'message'  => 'The value for "module_dependencies" must be an array',
+				'expected' => false,
+				'stored'   => null,
+			),
+			'bad-items' => array(
+				'data'     => array( 'valid', 123, true, array() ),
+				'message'  => 'has one or more of its script module dependencies ("module_dependencies") which are not strings',
+				'expected' => true,
+				'stored'   => array( 'valid' ),
+			),
+		);
+	}
+
 	/**
 	 * Data provider.
 	 *
diff --git a/tests/phpunit/tests/script-modules/wpScriptModules.php b/tests/phpunit/tests/script-modules/wpScriptModules.php
index 1bd8b5c1663d3..f34c32b7d96d9 100644
--- a/tests/phpunit/tests/script-modules/wpScriptModules.php
+++ b/tests/phpunit/tests/script-modules/wpScriptModules.php
@@ -11,43 +11,39 @@
  */
 class Tests_Script_Modules_WpScriptModules extends WP_UnitTestCase {
 
-	/**
-	 * @var WP_Script_Modules
-	 */
-	protected $original_script_modules;
+	protected WP_Script_Modules $original_script_modules;
 
-	/**
-	 * @var string
-	 */
-	protected $original_wp_version;
+	protected string $original_wp_version;
 
-	/**
-	 * Instance of WP_Script_Modules.
-	 *
-	 * @var WP_Script_Modules
-	 */
-	protected $script_modules;
+	protected ?WP_Scripts $old_wp_scripts;
+
+	protected WP_Script_Modules $script_modules;
 
 	/**
 	 * Set up.
 	 */
 	public function set_up() {
-		global $wp_script_modules, $wp_version;
+		global $wp_script_modules, $wp_scripts, $wp_version;
 		parent::set_up();
 		$this->original_script_modules = $wp_script_modules;
 		$this->original_wp_version     = $wp_version;
+		$this->old_wp_scripts          = $GLOBALS['wp_scripts'] ?? null;
 		$wp_script_modules             = null;
 		$this->script_modules          = wp_script_modules();
+
+		$wp_scripts                  = new WP_Scripts();
+		$wp_scripts->default_version = get_bloginfo( 'version' );
 	}
 
 	/**
 	 * Tear down.
 	 */
 	public function tear_down() {
-		global $wp_script_modules, $wp_version;
-		parent::tear_down();
+		global $wp_script_modules, $wp_scripts, $wp_version;
 		$wp_script_modules = $this->original_script_modules;
 		$wp_version        = $this->original_wp_version;
+		$wp_scripts        = $this->old_wp_scripts;
+		parent::tear_down();
 	}
 
 	/**
@@ -1985,6 +1981,168 @@ public static function data_invalid_script_module_data(): array {
 		);
 	}
 
+	/**
+	 * Tests that script modules identified as dependencies of classic scripts are included in the import map.
+	 *
+	 * @ticket 61500
+	 *
+	 * @covers WP_Script_Modules::get_import_map
+	 */
+	public function test_included_module_appears_in_importmap() {
+		$this->script_modules->register( 'dependency', '/dep.js' );
+		$this->script_modules->register( 'example', '/example.js', array( 'dependency' ) );
+
+		// Nothing printed now.
+		$this->assertSame( array(), $this->get_enqueued_script_modules(), 'Initial enqueued script modules was wrong.' );
+		$this->assertSame( array(), $this->get_preloaded_script_modules(), 'Initial module preloads was wrong.' );
+		$this->assertSame( array(), $this->get_import_map(), 'Initial import map was wrong.' );
+
+		// Enqueuing a script with a module dependency should add it to the import map.
+		wp_enqueue_script(
+			'classic',
+			'/classic.js',
+			array( 'classic-dependency' ),
+			false,
+			array(
+				'module_dependencies' => array( 'example' ),
+			)
+		);
+
+		$this->assertSame( array(), $this->get_enqueued_script_modules(), 'Final enqueued script modules was wrong.' );
+		$this->assertSame( array(), $this->get_preloaded_script_modules(), 'Final module preloads was wrong.' );
+		$this->assertEqualSets(
+			array( 'example', 'dependency' ),
+			array_keys( $this->get_import_map() ),
+			'Import map keys were wrong.'
+		);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Tests that dynamic dependencies of enqueued script modules are included in the import map.
+	 *
+	 * @ticket 61500
+	 *
+	 * @covers WP_Script_Modules::get_import_map
+	 */
+	public function test_import_map_includes_dynamic_dependencies_of_enqueued_modules() {
+		$this->script_modules->register( 'dependency-of-enqueued', '/dependency-of-enqueued.js' );
+		$this->script_modules->enqueue(
+			'enqueued',
+			'/enqueued.js',
+			array(
+				array(
+					'id'     => 'dependency-of-enqueued',
+					'import' => 'dynamic',
+				),
+			)
+		);
+
+		$enqueued = $this->get_enqueued_script_modules();
+		$this->assertCount( 1, $enqueued, 'Enqueue count was wrong.' );
+		$this->assertArrayHasKey( 'enqueued', $enqueued, 'Missing "enqueued" script module enqueue.' );
+		$this->assertCount( 0, $this->get_preloaded_script_modules(), 'Module preload count was wrong.' );
+		$this->assertEqualSets(
+			array( 'dependency-of-enqueued' ),
+			array_keys( $this->get_import_map() ),
+			'Import map keys were wrong.'
+		);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Tests that script module dependencies of enqueued classic scripts (including transitive ones) are included in the import map.
+	 *
+	 * @ticket 61500
+	 *
+	 * @covers WP_Script_Modules::get_import_map
+	 */
+	public function test_import_map_includes_dependencies_of_classic_scripts_recursive() {
+		$this->script_modules->register( 'classic-transitive-dependency', '/classic-transitive-dependency.js' );
+		$this->script_modules->register( 'dependency-of-not-enqueued', '/dependency-of-not-enqueued.js' );
+		$this->script_modules->register( 'not-enqueued', '/not-enqueued.js', array( 'dependency-of-not-enqueued' ) );
+
+		// Enqueuing a script with a module dependency should add it to the import map.
+		wp_register_script(
+			'classic-transitive-dep',
+			'/classic-transitive-dep.js',
+			array(),
+			false,
+			array(
+				'module_dependencies' => array( 'classic-transitive-dependency' ),
+			)
+		);
+		wp_enqueue_script(
+			'classic',
+			'/classic.js',
+			array( 'classic-transitive-dep' ),
+			false,
+			array(
+				'module_dependencies' => array( 'not-enqueued' ),
+			)
+		);
+
+		$enqueued = $this->get_enqueued_script_modules();
+		$this->assertCount( 0, $enqueued, 'Enqueue count was wrong.' );
+		$this->assertCount( 0, $this->get_preloaded_script_modules(), 'Module preload count was wrong.' );
+		$this->assertEqualSets(
+			array(
+				'classic-transitive-dependency',
+				'not-enqueued',
+				'dependency-of-not-enqueued',
+			),
+			array_keys( $this->get_import_map() ),
+			'Import map keys were wrong.'
+		);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Tests that WP_Scripts emits a _doing_it_wrong() notice for missing script module dependencies.
+	 *
+	 * @ticket 61500
+	 * @ticket 64229
+	 * @covers WP_Script_Modules::get_import_map
+	 */
+	public function test_wp_scripts_doing_it_wrong_for_missing_script_module_dependencies() {
+		$expected_incorrect_usage = 'WP_Scripts::add_data';
+		$this->setExpectedIncorrectUsage( $expected_incorrect_usage );
+
+		wp_enqueue_script(
+			'registered-dep',
+			'/registered-dep.js',
+			array(),
+			null,
+			array(
+				'module_dependencies' => array( 'does-not-exist' ),
+			)
+		);
+
+		$import_map = $this->get_import_map();
+		$this->assertSame( array(), $import_map, 'Expected importmap to be empty.' );
+		$markup = get_echo( 'wp_print_scripts' );
+
+		/*
+		 * In the future, we may want to have missing script module dependencies for classic scripts to cause the
+		 * classic script to not be printed. This would align the behavior with script modules that have missing
+		 * script module dependencies, and classic scripts that have missing classic script dependencies. Nevertheless,
+		 * since script module dependencies rely on dynamic imports, the dependency may not be as strong. This means
+		 * the classic script may still work or have a fallback in case the script module fails to dynamically import.
+		 * This same change could be made for script modules as well, where if a script module has a missing dynamic
+		 * script module dependency, this might similarly not be sufficient reason to omit printing the dependent script module.
+		 */
+		$this->assertStringContainsString( 'registered-dep.js', $markup, 'Expected script to be present, even though it has a missing script module dependency.' );
+
+		$this->assertArrayHasKey(
+			$expected_incorrect_usage,
+			$this->caught_doing_it_wrong,
+			"Expected $expected_incorrect_usage to trigger a _doing_it_wrong() notice for missing dependency."
+		);
+
+		$this->assertStringContainsString(
+			'The script with the handle "registered-dep" was enqueued with script module dependencies ("module_dependencies") that are not registered: does-not-exist',
+			$this->caught_doing_it_wrong[ $expected_incorrect_usage ],
+			'Expected _doing_it_wrong() notice to indicate missing script module dependencies for enqueued script.'
+		);
+	}
+
 	/**
 	 * Tests various ways of printing and dependency ordering of script modules.
 	 *