From 9e42dded2a81e501751b48af9ee32c7047fe5d57 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: May Kristin Ugelstad <“may.kristin.ugelstad@aize.io”>
Date: Wed, 4 Mar 2026 13:52:06 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 01/16] New branch and updated output format

---
 .../main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/OutputFormat.kt    | 5 ++++-
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/OutputFormat.kt b/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/OutputFormat.kt
index c5aeb96248..73e2bf1d32 100644
--- a/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/OutputFormat.kt
+++ b/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/OutputFormat.kt
@@ -19,7 +19,8 @@ enum class OutputFormat {
     KOTLIN_JUNIT_5,
     JS_JEST,
     //CSHARP_XUNIT, //no longer supported, but there is still legacy code not removed
-    PYTHON_UNITTEST
+    PYTHON_UNITTEST,
+    JS_JEST_PLAYWRIGHT
     ;
 
     fun isJava() = this.name.startsWith("java_", true)
@@ -41,4 +42,6 @@ enum class OutputFormat {
 
     fun isPython() = this.name.startsWith("python_", true)
 
+    fun isPlaywright() = this.name.startsWith("js_jest_playwright", true)
+
 }

From 43c2d8f918bfbb95377931c0e9f09b8f73b5c641 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: FredRaw <fredrikrawicki@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 5 Mar 2026 15:34:11 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 02/16] Add initial Playwright output support

---
 .../org/evomaster/core/output/OutputFormat.kt |  3 +
 .../output/service/HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt    | 90 +++++++++++++------
 .../core/output/service/TestCaseWriter.kt     |  5 +-
 .../core/output/service/TestSuiteWriter.kt    | 33 ++++---
 4 files changed, 89 insertions(+), 42 deletions(-)

diff --git a/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/OutputFormat.kt b/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/OutputFormat.kt
index 73e2bf1d32..350169af69 100644
--- a/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/OutputFormat.kt
+++ b/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/OutputFormat.kt
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ enum class OutputFormat {
     KOTLIN_JUNIT_4,
     KOTLIN_JUNIT_5,
     JS_JEST,
+    JS_JEST_PLAYWRIGHT,  // Testing new playwright imp
     //CSHARP_XUNIT, //no longer supported, but there is still legacy code not removed
     PYTHON_UNITTEST,
     JS_JEST_PLAYWRIGHT
@@ -35,6 +36,8 @@ enum class OutputFormat {
 
     fun isJUnit4() = this.name.endsWith("junit_4", true)
 
+    fun isPlaywright() = this.name.endsWith("_playwright", true) // Testing new playwright imp
+
     fun isJUnit() = this.name.contains("_junit_", true)
 
     @Deprecated("No longer supported")
diff --git a/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt b/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt
index 260ed3e894..168c1711a1 100644
--- a/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt
+++ b/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt
@@ -60,7 +60,8 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
     fun startRequest(lines: Lines){
         when {
             format.isJavaOrKotlin() -> lines.append("given()")
-            format.isJavaScript() -> lines.append("await superagent")
+            format.isJavaScript() && !format.isPlaywright() -> lines.append("await superagent")
+            format.isJavaScript() && format.isPlaywright() -> lines.append(" -64 HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt- ")
             format.isCsharp() -> lines.append("await Client")
             format.isPython() -> lines.append("requests \\")
         }
@@ -103,7 +104,8 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
             when {
                 format.isKotlin() -> lines.append("val $resVarName: ValidatableResponse = ")
                 format.isJava() -> lines.append("ValidatableResponse $resVarName = ")
-                format.isJavaScript() -> lines.append("const $resVarName = ")
+                format.isJavaScript() && !format.isPlaywright()-> lines.append("const $resVarName = ")
+                format.isJavaScript() && format.isPlaywright() -> lines.append(" -108 HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt- ")
                 format.isPython() -> lines.append("$resVarName = ")
                 format.isCsharp() -> lines.append("var $resVarName = ")
             }
@@ -111,7 +113,8 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
 
         when {
             format.isJavaOrKotlin() -> lines.append("given()")
-            format.isJavaScript() -> lines.append("await superagent")
+            format.isJavaScript() && !format.isPlaywright() -> lines.append("await superagent")
+            format.isJavaScript() && format.isPlaywright() -> lines.append(" -117 HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt- ")
             format.isCsharp() -> lines.append("await Client")
             format.isPython() -> lines.append("requests \\")
         }
@@ -186,7 +189,8 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
     protected fun openAcceptHeader(): String {
         return when {
             format.isJavaOrKotlin() -> ".accept("
-            format.isJavaScript() -> ".set('Accept', "
+            format.isJavaScript() && !format.isPlaywright()-> ".set('Accept', "
+            format.isJavaScript() && format.isPlaywright() -> " -193 HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt- "
             format.isCsharp() -> "Client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Add(\"Accept\", "
             format.isPython() -> "headers['Accept'] = "
             else -> throw IllegalArgumentException("Invalid format: $format")
@@ -227,7 +231,8 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
 
         val set = when {
             format.isJavaOrKotlin() -> "header"
-            format.isJavaScript() -> "set"
+            format.isJavaScript() && !format.isPlaywright()-> "set"
+            format.isJavaScript() && format.isPlaywright() -> " -235 HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt- "
             format.isPython() -> "headers = {}"
             else -> throw IllegalArgumentException("Not supported format: $format")
         }
@@ -276,7 +281,8 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
             } else {
                 when {
                     format.isJavaOrKotlin() -> lines.add(".cookies(${CookieWriter.cookiesName(elc)})")
-                    format.isJavaScript() -> lines.add(".set('Cookie', ${CookieWriter.cookiesName(elc)})")
+                    format.isJavaScript() && !format.isPlaywright()-> lines.add(".set('Cookie', ${CookieWriter.cookiesName(elc)})")
+                    format.isJavaScript() && format.isPlaywright() -> lines.add(" -285 HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt- ")
                     // Python cookies are set alongside the headers and body when performing the request
                 }
             }
@@ -303,7 +309,17 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
         val code = res.getStatusCode()
 
         when {
-            format.isJavaScript() -> {
+
+            format.isJavaScript() && format.isPlaywright() -> { // This need a re-write!
+                val statusAssert = " - 314 - HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt- "
+                if (res.getFlakyStatusCode() == null){
+                    lines.add(statusAssert)
+                }else{
+                    lines.addSingleCommentLine(flakyInfo("Status Code", code.toString(), res.getFlakyStatusCode().toString()))
+                    lines.addSingleCommentLine(statusAssert)
+                }
+            }
+            format.isJavaScript() && !format.isPlaywright()-> { // This might need a second look!
                 val statusAssert = "expect($responseVariableName.status).toBe($code);"
                 if (res.getFlakyStatusCode() == null){
                     lines.add(statusAssert)
@@ -436,8 +452,10 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
             lines.addStatement("val $varName = System.currentTimeMillis()")
         } else if(format.isPython()) {
             lines.addStatement("$varName = time.perf_counter() * 1000")
-        } else if(format.isJavaScript()) {
+        } else if(format.isJavaScript() && !format.isPlaywright()) {
             lines.addStatement("$varName = performance.now()")
+        } else if(format.isJavaScript() && format.isPlaywright()) {
+            lines.addStatement(" -448 HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt- ")
         }
         lines.addEmpty(1)
 
@@ -455,8 +473,10 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
             lines.addStatement("val $finalVarName = System.currentTimeMillis() - $varName")
         } else if(format.isPython()) {
             lines.addStatement("$finalVarName = (time.perf_counter() * 1000) - $varName")
-        } else if(format.isJavaScript()) {
+        } else if(format.isJavaScript() && !format.isPlaywright()) {
             lines.addStatement("$finalVarName = performance.now() - $varName")
+        } else if(format.isJavaScript() && format.isPlaywright()) {
+            lines.addStatement(" -469 HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt- ")
         }
 
         lines.addEmpty(1)
@@ -466,7 +486,8 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
             lines.addSingleCommentLine("Note: SQL Injection vulnerability detected in this call. Expected response time (sqliInjectedSleepDurationMs) should be greater than ${config.sqliInjectedSleepDurationMs} ms.")
             when{
                 format.isJavaOrKotlin() -> lines.addStatement("assertTrue($finalVarName > ${config.sqliInjectedSleepDurationMs})")
-                format.isJavaScript() -> lines.addStatement("expect($finalVarName).toBeGreaterThan(${config.sqliInjectedSleepDurationMs})")
+                format.isJavaScript() && !format.isPlaywright() -> lines.addStatement("expect($finalVarName).toBeGreaterThan(${config.sqliInjectedSleepDurationMs})")
+                format.isJavaScript() && format.isPlaywright() -> lines.addStatement(" -480 HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt- ")
                 format.isPython() -> lines.addStatement("assert $finalVarName > ${config.sqliInjectedSleepDurationMs}")
                 else -> {}
             }
@@ -474,9 +495,10 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
             lines.addSingleCommentLine("Note: No SQL Injection vulnerability detected in this call. Expected response time (sqliBaselineMaxResponseTimeMs) should be less than ${config.sqliBaselineMaxResponseTimeMs} ms.")
             when{
                 format.isJavaOrKotlin() -> lines.addStatement("assertTrue($finalVarName < ${config.sqliBaselineMaxResponseTimeMs})")
-                format.isJavaScript() -> lines.addStatement("expect($finalVarName).toBeLessThan(${config.sqliBaselineMaxResponseTimeMs})")
+                format.isJavaScript() && !format.isPlaywright()-> lines.addStatement("expect($finalVarName).toBeLessThan(${config.sqliBaselineMaxResponseTimeMs})")
+                format.isJavaScript() && format.isPlaywright() -> lines.addStatement(" -489 HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt- ")
                 format.isPython() -> lines.addStatement("assert $finalVarName < ${config.sqliBaselineMaxResponseTimeMs}")
-                else -> {}
+                else -> { } // This should have some information?
             }
         }
     }
@@ -508,11 +530,15 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
 
             format.isJavaScript() -> {
                 lines.indent(2)
-                //in SuperAgent, verb must be first
-                handleVerbEndpoint(baseUrlOfSut, call, lines)
-                lines.append(getAcceptHeader(call, res))
-                handleHeaders(call, lines)
-                handleBody(call, lines)
+                if (format.isPlaywright()) {    // This needs to be checked!
+                    lines.append(" -524 HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt- ")
+                } else {
+                    //in SuperAgent, verb must be first
+                    handleVerbEndpoint(baseUrlOfSut, call, lines)
+                    lines.append(getAcceptHeader(call, res))
+                    handleHeaders(call, lines)
+                    handleBody(call, lines)
+                }
             }
 
             format.isCsharp() -> {
@@ -540,7 +566,8 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
     fun sendBodyCommand(): String {
         return when {
             format.isJavaOrKotlin() -> "body"
-            format.isJavaScript() -> "send"
+            format.isJavaScript() && !format.isPlaywright()-> "send"
+            format.isPython() && format.isPlaywright()  -> " - 570 - HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt"
             format.isCsharp() -> ""
             format.isPython() -> ""
             else -> throw IllegalArgumentException("Format not supported $format")
@@ -562,7 +589,8 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
 
             when {
                 format.isJavaOrKotlin() -> lines.add(".contentType(\"${bodyParam.contentType()}\")")
-                format.isJavaScript() -> lines.add(".set('Content-Type','${bodyParam.contentType()}')")
+                format.isJavaScript() && !format.isPlaywright() -> lines.add(".set('Content-Type','${bodyParam.contentType()}')")
+                format.isPlaywright() && format.isPlaywright() -> lines.add(" - 593 - HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt- ")
                 format.isPython() -> lines.add("headers[\"content-type\"] = \"${bodyParam.contentType()}\"")
             }
 
@@ -660,7 +688,7 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
                 format.isPython() -> {
                     lines.add("body = ${bodyLines.first()}")
                 }
-                format.isJavaScript() -> writeStringifiedPayload(lines, send, bodyLines, false)
+                format.isJavaScript() -> writeStringifiedPayload(lines, send, bodyLines, false) // Needs to be checked! fwr
                 else -> writeJavaOrKotlinJsonBody(lines, send, bodyLines, dtoVar, false)
             }
         } else {
@@ -685,7 +713,7 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
                         lines.add("${bodyLines.last()}")
                     }
                 }
-                format.isJavaScript() -> writeStringifiedPayload(lines, send, bodyLines, true)
+                format.isJavaScript() -> writeStringifiedPayload(lines, send, bodyLines, true) // Needs to be checked fwr
                 else -> writeJavaOrKotlinJsonBody(lines, send, bodyLines, dtoVar, true)
             }
         }
@@ -774,8 +802,8 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
         if(!allow.isNullOrBlank()){
             val instruction = when {
                 format.isJavaOrKotlin() -> ".header(\"Allow\", \"$allow\")"
-                format.isJavaScript() ->
-                    "expect($responseVariableName.header[\"allow\"].startsWith(\"$allow\")).toBe(true);"
+                format.isJavaScript() && format.isPlaywright() -> "- 794 - HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt - "
+                format.isJavaScript() && !format.isPlaywright()-> "expect($responseVariableName.header[\"allow\"].startsWith(\"$allow\")).toBe(true);"
                 format.isPython() -> "assert \"$allow\" in $responseVariableName.headers[\"allow\"]"
                 else -> throw IllegalStateException("Unsupported format $format")
             }
@@ -806,7 +834,8 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
 
             val instruction = when {
                 format.isJavaOrKotlin() -> ".contentType(\"$bodyTypeSimplified\")"
-                format.isJavaScript() ->
+                format.isJavaScript() && format.isPlaywright() -> "- 826 - HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt - "
+                format.isJavaScript() && !format.isPlaywright()->
                     "expect($responseVariableName.header[\"content-type\"].startsWith(\"$bodyTypeSimplified\")).toBe(true);"
 
                 format.isCsharp() -> "Assert.Contains(\"$bodyTypeSimplified\", $responseVariableName.Content.Headers.GetValues(\"Content-Type\").First());"
@@ -871,7 +900,14 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
 
     protected fun handleLastLine(call: HttpWsAction, res: HttpWsCallResult, lines: Lines, resVarName: String) {
 
-        if (format.isJavaScript()) {
+        if (format.isJavaScript() && format.isPlaywright()) {
+            /*
+                This is to deal with very weird behavior in SuperAgent that crashes the tests
+                for status codes different from 2xx...
+                so, here we make it passes as long as a status was present
+             */
+            lines.add(" - 886 - HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt - ")
+        } else if(format.isJavaScript() && !format.isPlaywright()) {
             /*
                 This is to deal with very weird behavior in SuperAgent that crashes the tests
                 for status codes different from 2xx...
@@ -880,7 +916,6 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
             lines.add(".ok(res => res.status)")
         }
 
-
         if (lines.shouldUseSemicolon()) {
             /*
                 FIXME this is wrong when // is in a string of response, like a URL.
@@ -928,7 +963,8 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
 
         return when {
             format.isPython() -> "str($resVarName.json()${JsonUtils.fromPointerToDictionaryAccess(jsonPointer)})"
-            format.isJavaScript() -> "$resVarName.body.$jsonPath.toString()"
+            format.isJavaScript() && format.isPlaywright() -> " - 955 - HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt - "
+            format.isJavaScript() && !format.isPlaywright()-> "$resVarName.body.$jsonPath.toString()"
             format.isJavaOrKotlin() -> "$resVarName.extract().body().path$extraTypeInfo(\"$jsonPath\").toString()"
             else -> throw IllegalStateException("Unsupported format $format")
         }
diff --git a/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/TestCaseWriter.kt b/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/TestCaseWriter.kt
index b36b04d0f4..de88733a81 100644
--- a/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/TestCaseWriter.kt
+++ b/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/TestCaseWriter.kt
@@ -116,7 +116,8 @@ abstract class TestCaseWriter {
         when {
             format.isJava() -> lines.add("public void ${test.name}() throws Exception {")
             format.isKotlin() -> lines.add("fun ${test.name}()  {")
-            format.isJavaScript() -> lines.add("test(\"${test.name}\", async () => {")
+            format.isJavaScript() && !format.isPlaywright()-> lines.add("test(\"${test.name}\", async () => {")
+            format.isJavaScript() && format.isPlaywright() -> lines.add(" - 120 TestCaseWriter.kt - ")
             format.isCsharp() -> lines.add("public async Task ${test.name}() {")
             format.isPython() -> lines.add("def ${test.name}(self):")
         }
@@ -137,7 +138,7 @@ abstract class TestCaseWriter {
             lines.add("}")
         }
 
-        if (format.isJavaScript()) {
+        if (format.isJavaScript()) { // add to code block - ok for playwright?
             lines.append(");")
         }
         return lines
diff --git a/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/TestSuiteWriter.kt b/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/TestSuiteWriter.kt
index 51f87e7288..d2cb8edf72 100644
--- a/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/TestSuiteWriter.kt
+++ b/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/TestSuiteWriter.kt
@@ -511,17 +511,23 @@ class TestSuiteWriter {
         }
 
         if (format.isJavaScript()) {
-            lines.add("const superagent = require(\"superagent\");")
+            if (format.isPlaywright()) {
+                lines.add(" - 515 - TestSuiteWriter.kt)")
+            } else {
+                lines.add("const superagent = require(\"superagent\");")
+            }
 
             val jsUtils = JsLoader::class.java.getResource("/$javascriptUtilsFilename").readText()
             saveToDisk(jsUtils, Paths.get(config.outputFolder, javascriptUtilsFilename))
             lines.add("const $jsImport = require(\"./$javascriptUtilsFilename\");")
-
+            lines.add(" - 523 - TestSuiteWriter.kt - What about this const EM thing?. Do we need it?")
             if (controllerName != null) {
                 lines.add("const $controllerName = require(\"${config.jsControllerPath}\");")
+                lines.add(" - 526 - TestSuiteWriter.kt - What about controllerName. Do we need it?")
             }
             if (config.testTimeout > 0) {
                 lines.add("jest.setTimeout(${config.testTimeout * 1000});")
+                lines.add(" - 529 - TestSuiteWriter.kt - Do we need the jest.setTimeout line above?")
             }
         }
 
@@ -706,7 +712,7 @@ class TestSuiteWriter {
                 lines.add("private lateinit var $driver : RemoteWebDriver")
             }
 
-        } else if (config.outputFormat.isJavaScript()) {
+        } else if (config.outputFormat.isJavaScript()) { // Leave as is for playwright?
 
             if (!config.blackBox || config.bbExperiments) {
                 lines.add("const $controller = new $controllerName();")
@@ -763,13 +769,14 @@ class TestSuiteWriter {
                 lines.add("@JvmStatic")
                 lines.add("fun initClass()")
             }
-            format.isJavaScript() -> lines.add("beforeAll( async () =>")
+            format.isJavaScript() && !format.isPlaywright()-> lines.add("beforeAll( async () =>")
+            format.isJavaScript() && format.isPlaywright() -> lines.add("- 771 - TestSuiteWriter.kt")
         }
 
         lines.block {
             if (!config.blackBox) {
                 when {
-                    config.outputFormat.isJavaScript() -> {
+                    config.outputFormat.isJavaScript() -> { // Add something for playwright white box testing!
                         addStatement("await $controller.setupForGeneratedTest()", lines)
                         addStatement("$baseUrlOfSut = await $controller.startSut()", lines)
                     }
@@ -795,7 +802,7 @@ class TestSuiteWriter {
 
                 when {
                     format.isJavaOrKotlin() -> addStatement("assertNotNull(baseUrlOfSut)", lines)
-                    format.isJavaScript() -> addStatement("expect(baseUrlOfSut).toBeTruthy()", lines)
+                    format.isJavaScript() -> addStatement("expect(baseUrlOfSut).toBeTruthy()", lines) // Add something for playwright white box testing
                 }
             }
 
@@ -895,7 +902,7 @@ class TestSuiteWriter {
             testCaseWriter.addExtraInitStatement(lines)
         }
 
-        if (format.isJavaScript()) {
+        if (format.isJavaScript()) { // End statement of blocks. Valid for playwright too
             lines.append(");")
         }
     }
@@ -918,13 +925,13 @@ class TestSuiteWriter {
                 lines.add("@JvmStatic")
                 lines.add("fun tearDown()")
             }
-            format.isJavaScript() -> lines.add("afterAll( async () =>")
+            format.isJavaScript() -> lines.add("afterAll( async () =>") // white box part?
         }
 
         if (!format.isCsharp()) {
             lines.block {
                 when {
-                    format.isJavaScript() -> {
+                    format.isJavaScript() -> { // white box part?
                         addStatement("await $controller.stopSut()", lines)
                     }
                     else -> {
@@ -949,7 +956,7 @@ class TestSuiteWriter {
             }
         }
 
-        if (format.isJavaScript()) {
+        if (format.isJavaScript()) { // white box part?
             lines.append(");")
         }
     }
@@ -971,7 +978,7 @@ class TestSuiteWriter {
             format.isKotlin() -> {
                 lines.add("fun initTest()")
             }
-            format.isJavaScript() -> lines.add("beforeEach(async () => ")
+            format.isJavaScript() -> lines.add("beforeEach(async () => ") // white box part?
             //for C# we are actually setting up the constructor for the test class
             format.isCsharp() -> lines.add("public ${name.getClassName()} ($fixtureClass fixture)")
         }
@@ -979,7 +986,7 @@ class TestSuiteWriter {
 
         lines.block {
 
-            if (format.isJavaScript()) {
+            if (format.isJavaScript()) { // white box part?
                 //TODO add resetDatabase
                 addStatement("await $controller.resetStateOfSUT()", lines)
             } else if (format.isJavaOrKotlin()) {
@@ -1018,7 +1025,7 @@ class TestSuiteWriter {
             }
         }
 
-        if (format.isJavaScript()) {
+        if (format.isJavaScript()) { // white box part?
             lines.append(");")
         }
     }

From 444d2807622666f6891376c6e5113d9fa301bf50 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: May Kristin Ugelstad <“may.kristin.ugelstad@aize.io”>
Date: Mon, 16 Mar 2026 16:46:33 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 03/16] Add support for Playwright. HttpWsTestCaseWriter still
 work in progress.

---
 .../output/service/HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt    | 143 ++++++++++++------
 .../core/output/service/TestCaseWriter.kt     |  17 ++-
 .../core/output/service/TestSuiteWriter.kt    |  18 ++-
 3 files changed, 123 insertions(+), 55 deletions(-)

diff --git a/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt b/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt
index 168c1711a1..645cd9a662 100644
--- a/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt
+++ b/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt
@@ -60,8 +60,8 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
     fun startRequest(lines: Lines){
         when {
             format.isJavaOrKotlin() -> lines.append("given()")
-            format.isJavaScript() && !format.isPlaywright() -> lines.append("await superagent")
-            format.isJavaScript() && format.isPlaywright() -> lines.append(" -64 HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt- ")
+            format.isPlaywright() -> lines.append("await request")
+            format.isJavaScript() -> lines.append("await superagent")
             format.isCsharp() -> lines.append("await Client")
             format.isPython() -> lines.append("requests \\")
         }
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
     protected fun handlePreCallSetup(call: HttpWsAction, lines: Lines, res: HttpWsCallResult) {
         /*
             This is needed when we need to execute some code before each HTTP call.
-            Cannot be in @Before/Fixture, as it must be done for each HTTP call , and not
+            Cannot be in @Before/Fixture, as it must be done for each HTTP  call , and not
             just once for test
          */
 
@@ -104,8 +104,7 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
             when {
                 format.isKotlin() -> lines.append("val $resVarName: ValidatableResponse = ")
                 format.isJava() -> lines.append("ValidatableResponse $resVarName = ")
-                format.isJavaScript() && !format.isPlaywright()-> lines.append("const $resVarName = ")
-                format.isJavaScript() && format.isPlaywright() -> lines.append(" -108 HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt- ")
+                format.isJavaScript() && format.isPlaywright()-> lines.append("const $resVarName = ")
                 format.isPython() -> lines.append("$resVarName = ")
                 format.isCsharp() -> lines.append("var $resVarName = ")
             }
@@ -113,8 +112,8 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
 
         when {
             format.isJavaOrKotlin() -> lines.append("given()")
-            format.isJavaScript() && !format.isPlaywright() -> lines.append("await superagent")
-            format.isJavaScript() && format.isPlaywright() -> lines.append(" -117 HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt- ")
+            format.isPlaywright() -> lines.append("await request")
+            format.isJavaScript() -> lines.append("await superagent")
             format.isCsharp() -> lines.append("await Client")
             format.isPython() -> lines.append("requests \\")
         }
@@ -189,8 +188,8 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
     protected fun openAcceptHeader(): String {
         return when {
             format.isJavaOrKotlin() -> ".accept("
-            format.isJavaScript() && !format.isPlaywright()-> ".set('Accept', "
-            format.isJavaScript() && format.isPlaywright() -> " -193 HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt- "
+            format.isPlaywright() -> "'Accept': "
+            format.isJavaScript() -> ".set('Accept', "
             format.isCsharp() -> "Client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Add(\"Accept\", "
             format.isPython() -> "headers['Accept'] = "
             else -> throw IllegalArgumentException("Invalid format: $format")
@@ -199,8 +198,9 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
 
     protected fun closeAcceptHeader(openedHeader: String): String {
         var result = openedHeader
-        if (!config.outputFormat.isPython()) {
-            result += ")"
+        when {
+            format.isPlaywright() -> result += ","
+            !config.outputFormat.isPython() -> result += ")"
         }
         if (format.isCsharp()){
             result = "$result;"
@@ -215,7 +215,7 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
           but that is not the case for the other libraries used for example in JS and C#
          */
         return config.enableBasicAssertions &&
-                (config.outputFormat == OutputFormat.JS_JEST || config.outputFormat == OutputFormat.PYTHON_UNITTEST)
+                (config.outputFormat == OutputFormat.JS_JEST || config.outputFormat == OutputFormat.JS_JEST_PLAYWRIGHT || config.outputFormat == OutputFormat.PYTHON_UNITTEST)
     }
 
     protected fun handleHeaders(call: HttpWsAction, lines: Lines) {
@@ -232,7 +232,6 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
         val set = when {
             format.isJavaOrKotlin() -> "header"
             format.isJavaScript() && !format.isPlaywright()-> "set"
-            format.isJavaScript() && format.isPlaywright() -> " -235 HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt- "
             format.isPython() -> "headers = {}"
             else -> throw IllegalArgumentException("Not supported format: $format")
         }
@@ -241,10 +240,18 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
             lines.add(set)
         }
 
+        val bodyParam = call.parameters.find { p -> p is BodyParam } as BodyParam?
+
+        if (format.isPlaywright() && bodyParam != null) {
+            lines.add("'Content-Type': '${bodyParam.contentType()}',")
+        }
+
         //headers in specified auth info
         call.auth.headers.forEach {
             if (format.isPython()) {
                 lines.add("headers[\"${it.name}\"] = \"${it.value}\"")
+            } else if (format.isPlaywright()) {
+                lines.add("'${it.name}': '${it.value}', // ${call.auth.name}")
             } else {
                 lines.add(".$set(\"${it.name}\", \"${it.value}\") // ${call.auth.name}")
             }
@@ -262,6 +269,8 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
                 val escapedHeader = GeneUtils.applyEscapes(x, GeneUtils.EscapeMode.BODY, format)
                 if (format.isPython()) {
                     lines.add("headers[\"${it.name}\"] = \"${escapedHeader}\"")
+                } else if (format.isPlaywright()) {
+                    lines.add("'${it.name}': '${escapedHeader}',")
                 } else {
 
                     lines.add(".$set(\"${it.name}\", \"${escapedHeader}\")")
@@ -275,14 +284,16 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
                 val tokenHeader = elc.token!!.sendName
                 if (format.isPython()) {
                     lines.add("headers[\"$tokenHeader\"] = ${TokenWriter.authPayloadName(elc)} # ${call.auth.name}")
+                } else if (format.isPlaywright()) {
+                    lines.add("'$tokenHeader': ${TokenWriter.authPayloadName(elc)}, // ${call.auth.name}")
                 } else {
                     lines.add(".$set(\"$tokenHeader\", ${TokenWriter.authPayloadName(elc)}) // ${call.auth.name}")
                 }
             } else {
                 when {
                     format.isJavaOrKotlin() -> lines.add(".cookies(${CookieWriter.cookiesName(elc)})")
-                    format.isJavaScript() && !format.isPlaywright()-> lines.add(".set('Cookie', ${CookieWriter.cookiesName(elc)})")
-                    format.isJavaScript() && format.isPlaywright() -> lines.add(" -285 HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt- ")
+                    format.isPlaywright() -> lines.add("'Cookie': ${CookieWriter.cookiesName(elc)},")
+                    format.isJavaScript() -> lines.add(".set('Cookie', ${CookieWriter.cookiesName(elc)})")
                     // Python cookies are set alongside the headers and body when performing the request
                 }
             }
@@ -310,8 +321,8 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
 
         when {
 
-            format.isJavaScript() && format.isPlaywright() -> { // This need a re-write!
-                val statusAssert = " - 314 - HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt- "
+            format.isJavaScript() && format.isPlaywright() -> {
+                val statusAssert = "expect($responseVariableName.status()).toBe($code);"
                 if (res.getFlakyStatusCode() == null){
                     lines.add(statusAssert)
                 }else{
@@ -319,7 +330,7 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
                     lines.addSingleCommentLine(statusAssert)
                 }
             }
-            format.isJavaScript() && !format.isPlaywright()-> { // This might need a second look!
+            format.isJavaScript() -> {
                 val statusAssert = "expect($responseVariableName.status).toBe($code);"
                 if (res.getFlakyStatusCode() == null){
                     lines.add(statusAssert)
@@ -452,13 +463,12 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
             lines.addStatement("val $varName = System.currentTimeMillis()")
         } else if(format.isPython()) {
             lines.addStatement("$varName = time.perf_counter() * 1000")
-        } else if(format.isJavaScript() && !format.isPlaywright()) {
+        } else if(format.isPlaywright()) {
+            lines.addStatement("const $varName = performance.now()")
+        } else if(format.isJavaScript()) {
             lines.addStatement("$varName = performance.now()")
-        } else if(format.isJavaScript() && format.isPlaywright()) {
-            lines.addStatement(" -448 HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt- ")
-        }
         lines.addEmpty(1)
-
+        }
         return varName
     }
 
@@ -473,10 +483,10 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
             lines.addStatement("val $finalVarName = System.currentTimeMillis() - $varName")
         } else if(format.isPython()) {
             lines.addStatement("$finalVarName = (time.perf_counter() * 1000) - $varName")
-        } else if(format.isJavaScript() && !format.isPlaywright()) {
+        } else if(format.isPlaywright()) {
+            lines.addStatement("const $finalVarName = performance.now() - $varName")
+        } else if(format.isJavaScript()) {
             lines.addStatement("$finalVarName = performance.now() - $varName")
-        } else if(format.isJavaScript() && format.isPlaywright()) {
-            lines.addStatement(" -469 HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt- ")
         }
 
         lines.addEmpty(1)
@@ -486,8 +496,8 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
             lines.addSingleCommentLine("Note: SQL Injection vulnerability detected in this call. Expected response time (sqliInjectedSleepDurationMs) should be greater than ${config.sqliInjectedSleepDurationMs} ms.")
             when{
                 format.isJavaOrKotlin() -> lines.addStatement("assertTrue($finalVarName > ${config.sqliInjectedSleepDurationMs})")
-                format.isJavaScript() && !format.isPlaywright() -> lines.addStatement("expect($finalVarName).toBeGreaterThan(${config.sqliInjectedSleepDurationMs})")
-                format.isJavaScript() && format.isPlaywright() -> lines.addStatement(" -480 HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt- ")
+                format.isPlaywright() -> lines.addStatement("expect($finalVarName).toBeGreaterThan(${config.sqliInjectedSleepDurationMs})")
+                format.isJavaScript() -> lines.addStatement("expect($finalVarName).toBeGreaterThan(${config.sqliInjectedSleepDurationMs})")
                 format.isPython() -> lines.addStatement("assert $finalVarName > ${config.sqliInjectedSleepDurationMs}")
                 else -> {}
             }
@@ -495,8 +505,8 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
             lines.addSingleCommentLine("Note: No SQL Injection vulnerability detected in this call. Expected response time (sqliBaselineMaxResponseTimeMs) should be less than ${config.sqliBaselineMaxResponseTimeMs} ms.")
             when{
                 format.isJavaOrKotlin() -> lines.addStatement("assertTrue($finalVarName < ${config.sqliBaselineMaxResponseTimeMs})")
-                format.isJavaScript() && !format.isPlaywright()-> lines.addStatement("expect($finalVarName).toBeLessThan(${config.sqliBaselineMaxResponseTimeMs})")
-                format.isJavaScript() && format.isPlaywright() -> lines.addStatement(" -489 HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt- ")
+                format.isPlaywright() -> lines.addStatement("expect($finalVarName).toBeLessThan(${config.sqliBaselineMaxResponseTimeMs})")
+                format.isJavaScript()-> lines.addStatement("expect($finalVarName).toBeLessThan(${config.sqliBaselineMaxResponseTimeMs})")
                 format.isPython() -> lines.addStatement("assert $finalVarName < ${config.sqliBaselineMaxResponseTimeMs}")
                 else -> { } // This should have some information?
             }
@@ -530,8 +540,20 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
 
             format.isJavaScript() -> {
                 lines.indent(2)
-                if (format.isPlaywright()) {    // This needs to be checked!
-                    lines.append(" -524 HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt- ")
+                if (format.isPlaywright()) {
+                    handleVerbEndpoint(baseUrlOfSut, call, lines)
+                    lines.append(", {")
+                    lines.addEmpty()
+                    lines.indented {
+                        lines.add("headers: {")
+                        lines.indented {
+                            lines.add("${openAcceptHeader()}${getAcceptHeader(call, res)}")
+                            handleHeaders(call, lines)
+                        }
+                        lines.add("},")
+                        handleBody(call, lines, dtoVar)
+                    }
+                    lines.add("}")
                 } else {
                     //in SuperAgent, verb must be first
                     handleVerbEndpoint(baseUrlOfSut, call, lines)
@@ -566,8 +588,7 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
     fun sendBodyCommand(): String {
         return when {
             format.isJavaOrKotlin() -> "body"
-            format.isJavaScript() && !format.isPlaywright()-> "send"
-            format.isPython() && format.isPlaywright()  -> " - 570 - HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt"
+            format.isJavaScript() -> "send"
             format.isCsharp() -> ""
             format.isPython() -> ""
             else -> throw IllegalArgumentException("Format not supported $format")
@@ -589,8 +610,7 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
 
             when {
                 format.isJavaOrKotlin() -> lines.add(".contentType(\"${bodyParam.contentType()}\")")
-                format.isJavaScript() && !format.isPlaywright() -> lines.add(".set('Content-Type','${bodyParam.contentType()}')")
-                format.isPlaywright() && format.isPlaywright() -> lines.add(" - 593 - HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt- ")
+                format.isJavaScript() -> lines.add(".set('Content-Type','${bodyParam.contentType()}')")
                 format.isPython() -> lines.add("headers[\"content-type\"] = \"${bodyParam.contentType()}\"")
             }
 
@@ -618,7 +638,10 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
                             } else {
                                 lines.add("body = $body")
                             }
-                        }
+                    }
+                    format.isJavaScript() && format.isPlaywright() -> {
+                        lines.add("data: $body,")
+                    }
                         else -> lines.add(".$send($body)")
                     }
                 } else {
@@ -629,6 +652,9 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
                         format.isPython() -> {
                             lines.add("body = \"\"")
                         }
+                        format.isJavaScript() && format.isPlaywright() -> {
+                            lines.add("data: \"${"""\"\""""}\",")
+                        }
                         else -> lines.add(".$send(\"${"""\"\""""}\")")
                     }
                 }
@@ -649,6 +675,9 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
                     format.isPython() -> {
                         lines.add("body = \"$body\"")
                     }
+                    format.isJavaScript() && format.isPlaywright() -> {
+                        lines.add("data: \"$body\",")
+                    }
                     else -> lines.add(".$send(\"$body\")")
                 }
             } else if (bodyParam.isXml()) {
@@ -661,6 +690,9 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
                     format.isPython() -> {
                         lines.add("body = \"$escapedXml\"")
                     }
+                    format.isPlaywright() -> {
+                        lines.add("data: \"$escapedXml\",")
+                    }
                     else -> lines.add(".$send(\"$escapedXml\")")
                 }
             } else {
@@ -688,6 +720,9 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
                 format.isPython() -> {
                     lines.add("body = ${bodyLines.first()}")
                 }
+                format.isPlaywright() -> {
+                    writePlaywrightPayload(lines, bodyLines, false)
+                }
                 format.isJavaScript() -> writeStringifiedPayload(lines, send, bodyLines, false) // Needs to be checked! fwr
                 else -> writeJavaOrKotlinJsonBody(lines, send, bodyLines, dtoVar, false)
             }
@@ -713,6 +748,9 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
                         lines.add("${bodyLines.last()}")
                     }
                 }
+                format.isPlaywright() -> {
+                    writePlaywrightPayload(lines, bodyLines, true)
+                }
                 format.isJavaScript() -> writeStringifiedPayload(lines, send, bodyLines, true) // Needs to be checked fwr
                 else -> writeJavaOrKotlinJsonBody(lines, send, bodyLines, dtoVar, true)
             }
@@ -747,6 +785,20 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
         lines.append(")")
     }
 
+    private fun writePlaywrightPayload(lines: Lines, bodyLines: List<String>, isMultiLine: Boolean) {
+            lines.add("data: ${bodyLines.first()}")
+            if (isMultiLine) {
+                lines.append(" + ")
+                lines.indented {
+                    (1 until bodyLines.lastIndex).forEach { i ->
+                        lines.add("${bodyLines[i]} + ")
+                    }
+                    lines.add("${bodyLines.last()}")
+                }
+            }
+            lines.append(",")
+        }
+
     /**
      * This is done mainly for RestAssured
      */
@@ -802,8 +854,8 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
         if(!allow.isNullOrBlank()){
             val instruction = when {
                 format.isJavaOrKotlin() -> ".header(\"Allow\", \"$allow\")"
-                format.isJavaScript() && format.isPlaywright() -> "- 794 - HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt - "
-                format.isJavaScript() && !format.isPlaywright()-> "expect($responseVariableName.header[\"allow\"].startsWith(\"$allow\")).toBe(true);"
+                format.isPlaywright() -> "- 794 - HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt - "
+                format.isJavaScript() -> "expect($responseVariableName.header[\"allow\"].startsWith(\"$allow\")).toBe(true);"
                 format.isPython() -> "assert \"$allow\" in $responseVariableName.headers[\"allow\"]"
                 else -> throw IllegalStateException("Unsupported format $format")
             }
@@ -834,8 +886,8 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
 
             val instruction = when {
                 format.isJavaOrKotlin() -> ".contentType(\"$bodyTypeSimplified\")"
-                format.isJavaScript() && format.isPlaywright() -> "- 826 - HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt - "
-                format.isJavaScript() && !format.isPlaywright()->
+                format.isPlaywright() -> "- 826 - HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt - "
+                format.isJavaScript() ->
                     "expect($responseVariableName.header[\"content-type\"].startsWith(\"$bodyTypeSimplified\")).toBe(true);"
 
                 format.isCsharp() -> "Assert.Contains(\"$bodyTypeSimplified\", $responseVariableName.Content.Headers.GetValues(\"Content-Type\").First());"
@@ -899,15 +951,14 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
     }
 
     protected fun handleLastLine(call: HttpWsAction, res: HttpWsCallResult, lines: Lines, resVarName: String) {
-
-        if (format.isJavaScript() && format.isPlaywright()) {
+        if (format.isPlaywright()) {
             /*
                 This is to deal with very weird behavior in SuperAgent that crashes the tests
                 for status codes different from 2xx...
                 so, here we make it passes as long as a status was present
              */
             lines.add(" - 886 - HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt - ")
-        } else if(format.isJavaScript() && !format.isPlaywright()) {
+        } else if(format.isJavaScript()) {
             /*
                 This is to deal with very weird behavior in SuperAgent that crashes the tests
                 for status codes different from 2xx...
@@ -963,8 +1014,8 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
 
         return when {
             format.isPython() -> "str($resVarName.json()${JsonUtils.fromPointerToDictionaryAccess(jsonPointer)})"
-            format.isJavaScript() && format.isPlaywright() -> " - 955 - HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt - "
-            format.isJavaScript() && !format.isPlaywright()-> "$resVarName.body.$jsonPath.toString()"
+            format.isPlaywright() -> " - 955 - HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt - "
+            format.isJavaScript() -> "$resVarName.body.$jsonPath.toString()"
             format.isJavaOrKotlin() -> "$resVarName.extract().body().path$extraTypeInfo(\"$jsonPath\").toString()"
             else -> throw IllegalStateException("Unsupported format $format")
         }
diff --git a/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/TestCaseWriter.kt b/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/TestCaseWriter.kt
index de88733a81..676652f11b 100644
--- a/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/TestCaseWriter.kt
+++ b/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/TestCaseWriter.kt
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ abstract class TestCaseWriter {
             format.isJava() -> lines.add("public void ${test.name}() throws Exception {")
             format.isKotlin() -> lines.add("fun ${test.name}()  {")
             format.isJavaScript() && !format.isPlaywright()-> lines.add("test(\"${test.name}\", async () => {")
-            format.isJavaScript() && format.isPlaywright() -> lines.add(" - 120 TestCaseWriter.kt - ")
+            format.isJavaScript() && format.isPlaywright() -> lines.add("test(\"${test.name}\", async ({ request }) => {")
             format.isCsharp() -> lines.add("public async Task ${test.name}() {")
             format.isPython() -> lines.add("def ${test.name}(self):")
         }
@@ -310,6 +310,12 @@ abstract class TestCaseWriter {
         testSuitePath: Path?,
         baseUrlOfSut: String
     ) {
+        val playwrightExpectException = format.isPlaywright() && shouldFailIfExceptionNotThrown(res)
+        val hasThrownVar = if (playwrightExpectException) "hasThrown_${counter++}" else ""
+
+        if (playwrightExpectException) {
+            lines.add("let $hasThrownVar = false;")
+        }
         when {
             /*
                 TODO do we need to handle differently in JS due to Promises?
@@ -365,6 +371,12 @@ abstract class TestCaseWriter {
             format.isPython() -> lines.add("except Exception as e:")
         }
 
+        if (playwrightExpectException) {
+            lines.indented {
+                lines.add("$hasThrownVar = true;")
+            }
+        }
+
         res.getErrorMessage()?.let {
             lines.indented {
                 lines.addSingleCommentLine("${it.replace('\n', ' ').replace('\r', ' ')}")
@@ -378,6 +390,9 @@ abstract class TestCaseWriter {
         } else {
             lines.add("}")
         }
+        if (playwrightExpectException) {
+            lines.add("expect($hasThrownVar).toBe(true);")
+        }
     }
 
 
diff --git a/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/TestSuiteWriter.kt b/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/TestSuiteWriter.kt
index d2cb8edf72..bbfd6595ce 100644
--- a/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/TestSuiteWriter.kt
+++ b/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/TestSuiteWriter.kt
@@ -512,7 +512,7 @@ class TestSuiteWriter {
 
         if (format.isJavaScript()) {
             if (format.isPlaywright()) {
-                lines.add(" - 515 - TestSuiteWriter.kt)")
+                lines.add("const { test, expect, request } = require('@playwright/test');")
             } else {
                 lines.add("const superagent = require(\"superagent\");")
             }
@@ -520,14 +520,13 @@ class TestSuiteWriter {
             val jsUtils = JsLoader::class.java.getResource("/$javascriptUtilsFilename").readText()
             saveToDisk(jsUtils, Paths.get(config.outputFolder, javascriptUtilsFilename))
             lines.add("const $jsImport = require(\"./$javascriptUtilsFilename\");")
-            lines.add(" - 523 - TestSuiteWriter.kt - What about this const EM thing?. Do we need it?")
+
             if (controllerName != null) {
                 lines.add("const $controllerName = require(\"${config.jsControllerPath}\");")
-                lines.add(" - 526 - TestSuiteWriter.kt - What about controllerName. Do we need it?")
             }
-            if (config.testTimeout > 0) {
+
+            if (config.testTimeout > 0 && !format.isPlaywright()) {
                 lines.add("jest.setTimeout(${config.testTimeout * 1000});")
-                lines.add(" - 529 - TestSuiteWriter.kt - Do we need the jest.setTimeout line above?")
             }
         }
 
@@ -770,7 +769,7 @@ class TestSuiteWriter {
                 lines.add("fun initClass()")
             }
             format.isJavaScript() && !format.isPlaywright()-> lines.add("beforeAll( async () =>")
-            format.isJavaScript() && format.isPlaywright() -> lines.add("- 771 - TestSuiteWriter.kt")
+            format.isJavaScript() && format.isPlaywright() -> lines.add("test.beforeAll(async () =>")
         }
 
         lines.block {
@@ -925,7 +924,8 @@ class TestSuiteWriter {
                 lines.add("@JvmStatic")
                 lines.add("fun tearDown()")
             }
-            format.isJavaScript() -> lines.add("afterAll( async () =>") // white box part?
+            format.isJavaScript() && !format.isPlaywright()-> lines.add("afterAll( async () =>")
+            format.isJavaScript() && format.isPlaywright() -> lines.add("test.afterAll(async () =>")
         }
 
         if (!format.isCsharp()) {
@@ -978,7 +978,9 @@ class TestSuiteWriter {
             format.isKotlin() -> {
                 lines.add("fun initTest()")
             }
-            format.isJavaScript() -> lines.add("beforeEach(async () => ") // white box part?
+            format.isJavaScript() && !format.isPlaywright()-> lines.add("beforeEach( async () =>")
+            format.isJavaScript() && format.isPlaywright() -> lines.add("test.beforeEach(async () =>")
+
             //for C# we are actually setting up the constructor for the test class
             format.isCsharp() -> lines.add("public ${name.getClassName()} ($fixtureClass fixture)")
         }

From e780704aa95931bdbcd238f6fe67e7dec4519001 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: May Kristin Ugelstad <“may.kristin.ugelstad@aize.io”>
Date: Wed, 18 Mar 2026 11:11:41 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 04/16] Fix header handling, send body, and test initialization
 for Playwright

---
 .../output/service/HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt    | 43 ++++++++++++-------
 1 file changed, 27 insertions(+), 16 deletions(-)

diff --git a/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt b/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt
index 645cd9a662..4e18f61ec5 100644
--- a/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt
+++ b/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
         when {
             format.isJavaOrKotlin() -> lines.append("given()")
             format.isPlaywright() -> lines.append("await request")
-            format.isJavaScript() -> lines.append("await superagent")
+            format.isJavaScript() && !format.isPlaywright() -> lines.append("await superagent")
             format.isCsharp() -> lines.append("await Client")
             format.isPython() -> lines.append("requests \\")
         }
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
         when {
             format.isJavaOrKotlin() -> lines.append("given()")
             format.isPlaywright() -> lines.append("await request")
-            format.isJavaScript() -> lines.append("await superagent")
+            format.isJavaScript() && !format.isPlaywright() -> lines.append("await superagent")
             format.isCsharp() -> lines.append("await Client")
             format.isPython() -> lines.append("requests \\")
         }
@@ -232,7 +232,9 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
         val set = when {
             format.isJavaOrKotlin() -> "header"
             format.isJavaScript() && !format.isPlaywright()-> "set"
+            format.isPlaywright() -> "" // headers are handled in a map in the options object
             format.isPython() -> "headers = {}"
+            format.isCsharp() -> "" // handled in handlePreCallSetup
             else -> throw IllegalArgumentException("Not supported format: $format")
         }
 
@@ -292,8 +294,8 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
             } else {
                 when {
                     format.isJavaOrKotlin() -> lines.add(".cookies(${CookieWriter.cookiesName(elc)})")
+                    format.isJavaScript() && !format.isPlaywright() -> lines.add(".set('Cookie', ${CookieWriter.cookiesName(elc)})")
                     format.isPlaywright() -> lines.add("'Cookie': ${CookieWriter.cookiesName(elc)},")
-                    format.isJavaScript() -> lines.add(".set('Cookie', ${CookieWriter.cookiesName(elc)})")
                     // Python cookies are set alongside the headers and body when performing the request
                 }
             }
@@ -329,8 +331,13 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
                     lines.addSingleCommentLine(flakyInfo("Status Code", code.toString(), res.getFlakyStatusCode().toString()))
                     lines.addSingleCommentLine(statusAssert)
                 }
+                lines.addEmpty()
+                lines.add("const body = await $responseVariableName.json();")
+                lines.add("$responseVariableName.body = body;")
+                lines.addEmpty()
             }
-            format.isJavaScript() -> {
+
+            format.isJavaScript() && !format.isPlaywright() -> {
                 val statusAssert = "expect($responseVariableName.status).toBe($code);"
                 if (res.getFlakyStatusCode() == null){
                     lines.add(statusAssert)
@@ -588,7 +595,8 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
     fun sendBodyCommand(): String {
         return when {
             format.isJavaOrKotlin() -> "body"
-            format.isJavaScript() -> "send"
+            format.isJavaScript() && !format.isPlaywright() -> "send"
+            format.isPlaywright() -> "data"
             format.isCsharp() -> ""
             format.isPython() -> ""
             else -> throw IllegalArgumentException("Format not supported $format")
@@ -610,7 +618,10 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
 
             when {
                 format.isJavaOrKotlin() -> lines.add(".contentType(\"${bodyParam.contentType()}\")")
-                format.isJavaScript() -> lines.add(".set('Content-Type','${bodyParam.contentType()}')")
+                format.isJavaScript() && !format.isPlaywright() -> lines.add(".set('Content-Type','${bodyParam.contentType()}')")
+                format.isPlaywright() -> {
+                    // handled in makeHttpCall through options object
+                }
                 format.isPython() -> lines.add("headers[\"content-type\"] = \"${bodyParam.contentType()}\"")
             }
 
@@ -818,6 +829,11 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
                     }
                 }
 
+                format.isPlaywright() -> {
+                    // assertions for Playwright are handled in handleResponseAfterTheCall,
+                    // as they cannot be chained directly in the request call
+                }
+
                 else -> throw IllegalStateException("No assertion in calls for format: $format")
             }
 
@@ -834,7 +850,7 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
 
     protected fun handleResponseAssertions(lines: Lines, res: HttpWsCallResult, responseVariableName: String?) {
 
-        assert(responseVariableName != null || format.isJavaOrKotlin())
+        assert(responseVariableName != null || format.isJavaOrKotlin() || format.isPlaywright())
 
         /*
             there are 2 cases:
@@ -854,7 +870,7 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
         if(!allow.isNullOrBlank()){
             val instruction = when {
                 format.isJavaOrKotlin() -> ".header(\"Allow\", \"$allow\")"
-                format.isPlaywright() -> "- 794 - HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt - "
+                format.isPlaywright() -> "expect($responseVariableName.headers()[\"allow\"]?.includes(\"$allow\")).toBe(true)"
                 format.isJavaScript() -> "expect($responseVariableName.header[\"allow\"].startsWith(\"$allow\")).toBe(true);"
                 format.isPython() -> "assert \"$allow\" in $responseVariableName.headers[\"allow\"]"
                 else -> throw IllegalStateException("Unsupported format $format")
@@ -886,7 +902,7 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
 
             val instruction = when {
                 format.isJavaOrKotlin() -> ".contentType(\"$bodyTypeSimplified\")"
-                format.isPlaywright() -> "- 826 - HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt - "
+                format.isPlaywright() -> "expect($responseVariableName.headers()[\"content-type\"]?.includes(\"$bodyTypeSimplified\")).toBe(true)"
                 format.isJavaScript() ->
                     "expect($responseVariableName.header[\"content-type\"].startsWith(\"$bodyTypeSimplified\")).toBe(true);"
 
@@ -952,12 +968,7 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
 
     protected fun handleLastLine(call: HttpWsAction, res: HttpWsCallResult, lines: Lines, resVarName: String) {
         if (format.isPlaywright()) {
-            /*
-                This is to deal with very weird behavior in SuperAgent that crashes the tests
-                for status codes different from 2xx...
-                so, here we make it passes as long as a status was present
-             */
-            lines.add(" - 886 - HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt - ")
+            // No extra processing for Playwright
         } else if(format.isJavaScript()) {
             /*
                 This is to deal with very weird behavior in SuperAgent that crashes the tests
@@ -1014,7 +1025,7 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
 
         return when {
             format.isPython() -> "str($resVarName.json()${JsonUtils.fromPointerToDictionaryAccess(jsonPointer)})"
-            format.isPlaywright() -> " - 955 - HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt - "
+            format.isPlaywright() -> " (await $resVarName.json())${JsonUtils.fromPointerToDictionaryAccess(jsonPointer)}.toString()"
             format.isJavaScript() -> "$resVarName.body.$jsonPath.toString()"
             format.isJavaOrKotlin() -> "$resVarName.extract().body().path$extraTypeInfo(\"$jsonPath\").toString()"
             else -> throw IllegalStateException("Unsupported format $format")

From a3452755b8a8cc9d7ab0721e5599fbfdb3f19f2f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: May Kristin Ugelstad <“may.kristin.ugelstad@aize.io”>
Date: Thu, 19 Mar 2026 12:20:42 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 05/16] Fix duplicate playwright entry

---
 .../org/evomaster/core/output/OutputFormat.kt      | 14 +++++++-------
 1 file changed, 7 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)

diff --git a/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/OutputFormat.kt b/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/OutputFormat.kt
index 350169af69..21d4809802 100644
--- a/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/OutputFormat.kt
+++ b/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/OutputFormat.kt
@@ -20,8 +20,7 @@ enum class OutputFormat {
     JS_JEST,
     JS_JEST_PLAYWRIGHT,  // Testing new playwright imp
     //CSHARP_XUNIT, //no longer supported, but there is still legacy code not removed
-    PYTHON_UNITTEST,
-    JS_JEST_PLAYWRIGHT
+    PYTHON_UNITTEST
     ;
 
     fun isJava() = this.name.startsWith("java_", true)
@@ -30,21 +29,22 @@ enum class OutputFormat {
 
     fun isJavaScript() = this.name.startsWith("js_", true)
 
+    /**
+     *  Return true if the output format is Playwright.
+     *  Playwright is currently only supported for JavaScript (or TypeScript).
+     */
+    fun isPlaywright() = this.name.endsWith("_playwright", true) // Testing new playwright imp
+
     fun isJavaOrKotlin() = isJava() || isKotlin()
 
     fun isJUnit5() = this.name.endsWith("junit_5", true)
 
     fun isJUnit4() = this.name.endsWith("junit_4", true)
 
-    fun isPlaywright() = this.name.endsWith("_playwright", true) // Testing new playwright imp
-
     fun isJUnit() = this.name.contains("_junit_", true)
 
     @Deprecated("No longer supported")
     fun isCsharp() = this.name.startsWith("csharp",ignoreCase = true)
 
     fun isPython() = this.name.startsWith("python_", true)
-
-    fun isPlaywright() = this.name.startsWith("js_jest_playwright", true)
-
 }

From c5842f5b0221a3b228be1a91c466735edcf86049 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: May Kristin Ugelstad <“may.kristin.ugelstad@aize.io”>
Date: Thu, 19 Mar 2026 15:42:47 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 06/16] Add support for Playwright

---
 .../core/output/service/ApiTestCaseWriter.kt  | 30 +++++++++++++++----
 1 file changed, 25 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/ApiTestCaseWriter.kt b/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/ApiTestCaseWriter.kt
index 310c3d89d1..94672a6e4d 100644
--- a/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/ApiTestCaseWriter.kt
+++ b/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/ApiTestCaseWriter.kt
@@ -317,9 +317,14 @@ abstract class ApiTestCaseWriter : TestCaseWriter() {
     private fun handleAssertionsOnField(value: Any?, flakyValue: Any?, lines: Lines, fieldPath: String, responseVariableName: String?) {
 
         if (value == null) {
+            val field = when {
+                format.isPlaywright() -> "await $responseVariableName.json()"
+                format.isJavaScript() -> "$responseVariableName.body"
+                else -> ""
+            }
             val instruction = when {
                 format.isJavaOrKotlin() -> ".body(\"${fieldPath}\", nullValue())"
-                format.isJavaScript() -> "expect($responseVariableName.body$fieldPath).toBe(null);"
+                format.isJavaScript() -> "expect(($field)$fieldPath).toBe(null);"
                 format.isCsharp() -> "Assert.True($responseVariableName$fieldPath == null);"
                 format.isPython() -> "assert $responseVariableName.json()$fieldPath is None"
                 else -> throw IllegalStateException("Format not supported yet: $format")
@@ -369,10 +374,15 @@ abstract class ApiTestCaseWriter : TestCaseWriter() {
 
             if (isSuitableToPrint(toPrint)) {
                 if (format.isJavaScript() || format.isPython()) {
+                    val field = when {
+                        format.isPlaywright() -> "await $responseVariableName.json()"
+                        format.isJavaScript() -> "$responseVariableName.body"
+                        else -> ""
+                    }
                     val assertionContent = if (format.isPython()) {
                         "assert $responseVariableName.json()$fieldPath == $toPrint"
                     }else { // javascript
-                        "expect($responseVariableName.body$fieldPath).toBe($toPrint);"
+                        "expect(($field)$fieldPath).toBe($toPrint);"
                     }
 
                     if (flakyValue == null || flakyValue == value){
@@ -481,6 +491,9 @@ abstract class ApiTestCaseWriter : TestCaseWriter() {
         }
 
         if (format.isJavaScript()) {
+            if (format.isPlaywright()) {
+                return "expect(await $responseVariableName.text()).toBe(\"\");"
+            }
             /*
                 This is super ugly... but there is no clean solution for this
                 in Jest nor SuperAgent... :(
@@ -516,8 +529,14 @@ abstract class ApiTestCaseWriter : TestCaseWriter() {
                 val path = if (fieldPath.isEmpty()) "" else "$fieldPath."
                 ".body(\"${path}size()\", equalTo($expectedSize))"
             }
-            format.isJavaScript() ->
-                "expect($responseVariableName.body$fieldPath.length).toBe($expectedSize);"
+            format.isJavaScript() -> {
+                val field = when {
+                    format.isPlaywright() -> "await $responseVariableName.json()"
+                    format.isJavaScript() -> "$responseVariableName.body"
+                    else -> ""
+                }
+                "expect(($field)$fieldPath.length).toBe($expectedSize);"
+            }
             format.isCsharp() ->
                 "Assert.True($responseVariableName$fieldPath.Count == $expectedSize);"
             format.isPython() ->
@@ -537,7 +556,8 @@ abstract class ApiTestCaseWriter : TestCaseWriter() {
         }
 
         if (format.isJavaScript()) {
-            return "expect($responseVariableName.text).toBe(\"$content\");"
+            val contentCall = if (format.isPlaywright()) "await $responseVariableName.text()" else "$responseVariableName.text"
+            return "expect($contentCall).toBe(\"$content\");"
         }
 
         if (format.isCsharp()) {

From cbf837bc613195761c745e7e583aba9ee26cf720 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: May Kristin Ugelstad <“may.kristin.ugelstad@aize.io”>
Date: Thu, 19 Mar 2026 16:00:15 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 07/16] Add support for Playwright

---
 .../core/output/service/RestTestCaseWriter.kt          | 10 +++++++---
 1 file changed, 7 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/RestTestCaseWriter.kt b/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/RestTestCaseWriter.kt
index 0f5b4a5869..1428b7899e 100644
--- a/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/RestTestCaseWriter.kt
+++ b/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/RestTestCaseWriter.kt
@@ -205,7 +205,7 @@ class RestTestCaseWriter : HttpWsTestCaseWriter {
         when {
             format.isJava() -> lines.add("String $name = ")
             format.isKotlin() -> lines.add("val $name : String? = ")
-            format.isJavaScript() -> lines.add("const $name = ")
+            format.isJavaScript() || format.isPlaywright() -> lines.add("const $name = ")
             format.isPython() -> {lines.add("$name = ")}
             // should never happen
             else -> throw IllegalStateException("Unsupported format $format")
@@ -417,7 +417,11 @@ class RestTestCaseWriter : HttpWsTestCaseWriter {
                         lines.add("assertTrue(isValidURIorEmpty($location));")
                     }
                     format.isJavaScript() -> {
-                        lines.add("const $location = $resVarName.header['location'];")
+                        if (format.isPlaywright()) {
+                            lines.add("const $location = $resVarName.headers()['location'];")
+                        } else {
+                            lines.add("const $location = $resVarName.header['location'];")
+                        }
                         val validCheck = "${TestSuiteWriter.jsImport}.isValidURIorEmpty($location)"
                         lines.add("expect($validCheck).toBe(true);")
                     }
@@ -449,7 +453,7 @@ class RestTestCaseWriter : HttpWsTestCaseWriter {
                 val extract = extractValueFromJsonResponse(resVarName, idPointer)
 
                 when{
-                    format.isJavaScript() -> lines.add("const ")
+                    format.isJavaScript() || format.isPlaywright() -> lines.add("const ")
                     format.isJava() -> lines.add("String ")
                     format.isKotlin() -> lines.add("val ")
                     format.isPython()  -> lines.add("")/* nothing to do in Python */

From 2ac346d97e5411aff14d9b7e611780d30c304752 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: May Kristin Ugelstad <“may.kristin.ugelstad@aize.io”>
Date: Thu, 19 Mar 2026 16:45:34 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 08/16] Add support for Playwright

---
 .../evomaster/core/output/auth/CookieWriter.kt   | 16 ++++++++++++++--
 .../evomaster/core/output/auth/TokenWriter.kt    |  6 ++++++
 .../core/output/service/TestSuiteWriter.kt       |  2 +-
 3 files changed, 21 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/auth/CookieWriter.kt b/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/auth/CookieWriter.kt
index b3791fe751..8574e06f01 100644
--- a/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/auth/CookieWriter.kt
+++ b/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/auth/CookieWriter.kt
@@ -76,12 +76,17 @@ object CookieWriter {
                 format.isPython() -> lines.append(".cookies")
             }
 
-            if(format.isJavaScript()){
+            if(format.isJavaScript() && !format.isPlaywright()){
                 lines.add(".then((res) => res.headers['set-cookie'][0].split(';')[0])")
                 lines.add(".catch((err) => (err.status >= 300 && err.status <= 399) ? err.response.headers['set-cookie'][0].split(';')[0] : null)")
                 lines.appendSemicolon()
             }
 
+            if (format.isPlaywright()) {
+                lines.add(".then(async (res) => (await res.headerValue('set-cookie'))?.split(';')[0])")
+                lines.appendSemicolon()
+            }
+
             if (format.isPython()) {
                 lines.add("${cookiesName(k)} = requests.utils.dict_from_cookiejar($targetCookieVariable)")
             }
@@ -122,6 +127,10 @@ object CookieWriter {
         if(contentType != null) {
             when {
                 format.isJavaOrKotlin() -> lines.add(".contentType(\"${contentType.defaultValue}\")")
+                format.isPlaywright() -> {
+                    // handled in request options 'data' or similar if needed,
+                    // but usually Playwright sets it automatically if passed as object
+                }
                 format.isJavaScript() -> lines.add(".set(\"content-type\", \"${contentType.defaultValue}\")")
                 format.isPython() -> {
                     lines.add("headers[\"content-type\"] = \"${contentType.defaultValue}\"")
@@ -150,6 +159,9 @@ object CookieWriter {
         for(header in k.headers) {
             when {
                 format.isJavaOrKotlin() -> lines.add(".header(\"${header.name}\", \"${header.value}\")")
+                format.isPlaywright() -> {
+                    // Playwright headers for login are not yet supported in this simplified call
+                }
                 format.isJavaScript() -> lines.add(".set(\"${header.name}\", \"${header.value}\")")
                 format.isPython() -> {
                     lines.add("headers[\"${header.name}\"] = \"${header.value}\"")
@@ -157,7 +169,7 @@ object CookieWriter {
             }
         }
 
-        if (format.isJavaScript()){
+        if (format.isJavaScript() && !format.isPlaywright()){
             // disable redirections
             lines.add(".redirects(0)")
         }
diff --git a/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/auth/TokenWriter.kt b/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/auth/TokenWriter.kt
index ec2df92b7e..c3d1adba7e 100644
--- a/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/auth/TokenWriter.kt
+++ b/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/auth/TokenWriter.kt
@@ -57,6 +57,12 @@ object TokenWriter {
 
             when{
                 format.isJavaOrKotlin() -> lines.append("given()")
+                format.isPlaywright() -> {
+                    lines.append("\"\"")
+                    lines.appendSemicolon()
+                    lines.addEmpty()
+                    lines.append("await request")
+                }
                 format.isJavaScript() -> {
                     lines.append("\"\"")
                     lines.appendSemicolon()
diff --git a/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/TestSuiteWriter.kt b/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/TestSuiteWriter.kt
index bbfd6595ce..70fac281aa 100644
--- a/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/TestSuiteWriter.kt
+++ b/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/TestSuiteWriter.kt
@@ -769,7 +769,7 @@ class TestSuiteWriter {
                 lines.add("fun initClass()")
             }
             format.isJavaScript() && !format.isPlaywright()-> lines.add("beforeAll( async () =>")
-            format.isJavaScript() && format.isPlaywright() -> lines.add("test.beforeAll(async () =>")
+            format.isJavaScript() && format.isPlaywright() -> lines.add("test.beforeAll(async ({ request }) =>")
         }
 
         lines.block {

From 1f0563bff165c458e68144255cc121166a52f4a4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: May Kristin Ugelstad <“may.kristin.ugelstad@aize.io”>
Date: Fri, 20 Mar 2026 14:08:18 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 09/16] Rewrite of existing support for Playwright, add
 Playwright support for cookie and token handling, and for GraphQl.

---
 .../core/output/auth/CookieWriter.kt          | 43 +++++++++++++++++--
 .../evomaster/core/output/auth/TokenWriter.kt | 15 ++++---
 .../core/output/service/ApiTestCaseWriter.kt  |  8 +++-
 .../output/service/GraphQLTestCaseWriter.kt   | 11 ++++-
 .../output/service/HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt    | 12 ++++--
 .../core/output/service/RestTestCaseWriter.kt |  2 +
 .../core/output/service/TestSuiteWriter.kt    | 20 +++++----
 7 files changed, 87 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/auth/CookieWriter.kt b/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/auth/CookieWriter.kt
index 8574e06f01..844bda8cf0 100644
--- a/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/auth/CookieWriter.kt
+++ b/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/auth/CookieWriter.kt
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ object CookieWriter {
         targetVariable: String
     ) {
 
-        if(format.isJavaScript()) {
+        if(format.isJavaScript() && !format.isPlaywright()) {
             callEndpoint(lines, k, format, baseUrlOfSut)
         }
 
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ object CookieWriter {
             when {
                 format.isJavaOrKotlin() -> lines.add(".header(\"${header.name}\", \"${header.value}\")")
                 format.isPlaywright() -> {
-                    // Playwright headers for login are not yet supported in this simplified call
+                    // handled in callEndpoint for Playwright
                 }
                 format.isJavaScript() -> lines.add(".set(\"${header.name}\", \"${header.value}\")")
                 format.isPython() -> {
@@ -182,6 +182,10 @@ object CookieWriter {
             callEndpoint(lines, k, format, baseUrlOfSut)
         }
 
+        if (format.isPlaywright()) {
+            callEndpoint(lines, k, format, baseUrlOfSut)
+        }
+
         if (format.isPython()) {
             lines.add("$targetVariable = requests \\")
             lines.indent(2)
@@ -201,7 +205,13 @@ object CookieWriter {
         baseUrlOfSut: String
     ) {
         val verb = k.verb.name.lowercase()
-        lines.add(".$verb(")
+
+        if (format.isPlaywright()) {
+            lines.add("request.$verb(")
+        } else {
+            lines.add(".$verb(")
+        }
+
         if (k.externalEndpointURL != null) {
             lines.append("\"${k.externalEndpointURL}\"")
         } else {
@@ -212,6 +222,33 @@ object CookieWriter {
             }
             lines.append("${k.endpoint}\"")
         }
+
+        if (format.isPlaywright()) {
+            lines.append(", {")
+            lines.indented {
+                if (k.headers.isNotEmpty() || k.contentType != null) {
+                    lines.add("headers: {")
+                    lines.indented {
+                        if (k.contentType != null) {
+                            lines.add("'Content-Type': '${k.contentType.defaultValue}',")
+                        }
+                        for (header in k.headers) {
+                            lines.add("'${header.name}': '${header.value}',")
+                        }
+                    }
+                    lines.add("},")
+                }
+                if (k.payload != null) {
+                    if (k.contentType == ContentType.JSON) {
+                        lines.add("data: ${k.payload},")
+                    } else {
+                        lines.add("data: '${k.payload}',")
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            lines.add("}")
+        }
+
         if (!format.isPython()) {
             lines.append(")")
         }
diff --git a/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/auth/TokenWriter.kt b/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/auth/TokenWriter.kt
index c3d1adba7e..5c58b2c74d 100644
--- a/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/auth/TokenWriter.kt
+++ b/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/auth/TokenWriter.kt
@@ -58,10 +58,7 @@ object TokenWriter {
             when{
                 format.isJavaOrKotlin() -> lines.append("given()")
                 format.isPlaywright() -> {
-                    lines.append("\"\"")
-                    lines.appendSemicolon()
-                    lines.addEmpty()
-                    lines.append("await request")
+                    lines.append("await ")
                 }
                 format.isJavaScript() -> {
                     lines.append("\"\"")
@@ -91,7 +88,10 @@ object TokenWriter {
 
             when(token.extractFrom){
                 TokenHandling.ExtractFrom.BODY -> {
-                    if (format.isJavaScript()) {
+                    if (format.isPlaywright()) {
+                        lines.add(".then(async res => {${tokenName(k)} = (await res.json()).$path;},")
+                        lines.indented { lines.add("async error => {console.log(await error.response.text()); throw Error(\"Auth failed.\")})") }
+                    } else if (format.isJavaScript()) {
                         lines.add(".then(res => {${tokenName(k)} = res.body.$path;},")
                         lines.indented { lines.add("error => {console.log(error.response.body); throw Error(\"Auth failed.\")})") }
                     } else if (format.isPython()) {
@@ -106,7 +106,10 @@ object TokenWriter {
                 }
                 TokenHandling.ExtractFrom.HEADER -> {
                     val header = token.extractSelector
-                    if (format.isJavaScript()) {
+                    if (format.isPlaywright()) {
+                        lines.add(".then(async res => {${tokenName(k)} = await res.headerValue(\"$header\");},")
+                        lines.indented { lines.add("async error => {console.log(await error.response.text()); throw Error(\"Auth failed.\")})") }
+                    } else if (format.isJavaScript()) {
                         lines.add(".then(res => {${tokenName(k)} = res.get(\"$header\");},")
                         lines.indented { lines.add("error => {console.log(error.response.headers); throw Error(\"Auth failed.\")})") }
                     } else if (format.isPython()) {
diff --git a/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/ApiTestCaseWriter.kt b/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/ApiTestCaseWriter.kt
index 94672a6e4d..ace9bc97e6 100644
--- a/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/ApiTestCaseWriter.kt
+++ b/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/ApiTestCaseWriter.kt
@@ -251,6 +251,7 @@ abstract class ApiTestCaseWriter : TestCaseWriter() {
                 //TODO would not this fail on recursive/nested calls???
                 format.isJava() -> ".body(\"${k}isEmpty()\", is(true))"
                 format.isKotlin() -> ".body(\"${k}isEmpty()\", `is`(true))" //'is' is a keyword in Kotlin
+                format.isPlaywright() -> "expect(Object.keys(await $responseVariableName.json()${k}).length).toBe(0);"
                 format.isJavaScript() -> "expect(Object.keys($responseVariableName.body${k}).length).toBe(0);"
                 format.isCsharp() -> "Assert.True($responseVariableName${k}.ToString() == \"{}\");"
                 format.isPython() -> "assert len($responseVariableName.json()${k}) == 0"
@@ -324,6 +325,7 @@ abstract class ApiTestCaseWriter : TestCaseWriter() {
             }
             val instruction = when {
                 format.isJavaOrKotlin() -> ".body(\"${fieldPath}\", nullValue())"
+                format.isPlaywright() -> "expect(($field)${if (fieldPath.isEmpty()) "" else if (fieldPath.startsWith("[")) fieldPath else ".$fieldPath"}).toBe(null);"
                 format.isJavaScript() -> "expect(($field)$fieldPath).toBe(null);"
                 format.isCsharp() -> "Assert.True($responseVariableName$fieldPath == null);"
                 format.isPython() -> "assert $responseVariableName.json()$fieldPath is None"
@@ -535,7 +537,11 @@ abstract class ApiTestCaseWriter : TestCaseWriter() {
                     format.isJavaScript() -> "$responseVariableName.body"
                     else -> ""
                 }
-                "expect(($field)$fieldPath.length).toBe($expectedSize);"
+                if (format.isPlaywright()) {
+                    "expect(await $responseVariableName.json()).toHaveLength($expectedSize);"
+                } else {
+                    "expect(($field)$fieldPath.length).toBe($expectedSize);"
+                }
             }
             format.isCsharp() ->
                 "Assert.True($responseVariableName$fieldPath.Count == $expectedSize);"
diff --git a/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/GraphQLTestCaseWriter.kt b/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/GraphQLTestCaseWriter.kt
index 30962d25e7..59ce50244f 100644
--- a/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/GraphQLTestCaseWriter.kt
+++ b/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/GraphQLTestCaseWriter.kt
@@ -52,6 +52,9 @@ class GraphQLTestCaseWriter : HttpWsTestCaseWriter() {
 
         when {
             format.isJavaOrKotlin() -> lines.add(".contentType(\"application/json\")")
+            format.isPlaywright() -> {
+                // Handled in callEndpoint for Playwright
+            }
             format.isJavaScript() -> lines.add(".set('Content-Type','application/json')")
             format.isPython() -> lines.add("headers[\"content-type\"] = \"application/json\"")
            // format.isCsharp() -> lines.add("Client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Accept.Add(new MediaTypeWithQualityHeaderValue(\"application/json\"));")
@@ -95,10 +98,14 @@ class GraphQLTestCaseWriter : HttpWsTestCaseWriter() {
     }
 
     override fun handleVerbEndpoint(baseUrlOfSut: String, _call: HttpWsAction, lines: Lines) {
-
         // TODO maybe in future might want to have GET for QUERY types
         val verb = "post"
-        lines.add(".$verb(")
+
+        if (format.isPlaywright()) {
+            lines.add("request.$verb(")
+        } else {
+            lines.add(".$verb(")
+        }
 
         if(config.blackBox){
             /*
diff --git a/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt b/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt
index 4e18f61ec5..5cda6de2b0 100644
--- a/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt
+++ b/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt
@@ -245,7 +245,10 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
         val bodyParam = call.parameters.find { p -> p is BodyParam } as BodyParam?
 
         if (format.isPlaywright() && bodyParam != null) {
-            lines.add("'Content-Type': '${bodyParam.contentType()}',")
+            val contentType = bodyParam.contentType()
+            if (contentType != null) {
+                lines.add("'Content-Type': '$contentType',")
+            }
         }
 
         //headers in specified auth info
@@ -870,7 +873,7 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
         if(!allow.isNullOrBlank()){
             val instruction = when {
                 format.isJavaOrKotlin() -> ".header(\"Allow\", \"$allow\")"
-                format.isPlaywright() -> "expect($responseVariableName.headers()[\"allow\"]?.includes(\"$allow\")).toBe(true)"
+                format.isPlaywright() -> "expect(await $responseVariableName.headerValue(\"allow\")).toContain(\"$allow\")"
                 format.isJavaScript() -> "expect($responseVariableName.header[\"allow\"].startsWith(\"$allow\")).toBe(true);"
                 format.isPython() -> "assert \"$allow\" in $responseVariableName.headers[\"allow\"]"
                 else -> throw IllegalStateException("Unsupported format $format")
@@ -902,7 +905,7 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
 
             val instruction = when {
                 format.isJavaOrKotlin() -> ".contentType(\"$bodyTypeSimplified\")"
-                format.isPlaywright() -> "expect($responseVariableName.headers()[\"content-type\"]?.includes(\"$bodyTypeSimplified\")).toBe(true)"
+                format.isPlaywright() -> "expect(await $responseVariableName.headerValue(\"content-type\")).toContain(\"$bodyTypeSimplified\")"
                 format.isJavaScript() ->
                     "expect($responseVariableName.header[\"content-type\"].startsWith(\"$bodyTypeSimplified\")).toBe(true);"
 
@@ -1022,10 +1025,11 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
         }
 
         val jsonPath = JsonUtils.fromPointerToPath(jsonPointer)
+        val dictAccess = JsonUtils.fromPointerToDictionaryAccess(jsonPointer)
 
         return when {
             format.isPython() -> "str($resVarName.json()${JsonUtils.fromPointerToDictionaryAccess(jsonPointer)})"
-            format.isPlaywright() -> " (await $resVarName.json())${JsonUtils.fromPointerToDictionaryAccess(jsonPointer)}.toString()"
+            format.isPlaywright() -> " ((await $resVarName.json())$dictAccess)?.toString()"
             format.isJavaScript() -> "$resVarName.body.$jsonPath.toString()"
             format.isJavaOrKotlin() -> "$resVarName.extract().body().path$extraTypeInfo(\"$jsonPath\").toString()"
             else -> throw IllegalStateException("Unsupported format $format")
diff --git a/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/RestTestCaseWriter.kt b/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/RestTestCaseWriter.kt
index 1428b7899e..3a9b863130 100644
--- a/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/RestTestCaseWriter.kt
+++ b/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/RestTestCaseWriter.kt
@@ -223,6 +223,8 @@ class RestTestCaseWriter : HttpWsTestCaseWriter {
 
         if (format.isCsharp()) {
             lines.append(".${StringUtils.capitalization(verb)}Async(")
+        } else if (format.isPlaywright()) {
+            lines.add("request.$verb(")
         } else {
             if (verb == "trace" && format.isJavaOrKotlin()) {
                 //currently, RestAssured does not have a trace() method
diff --git a/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/TestSuiteWriter.kt b/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/TestSuiteWriter.kt
index 70fac281aa..e6a4ad73e2 100644
--- a/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/TestSuiteWriter.kt
+++ b/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/TestSuiteWriter.kt
@@ -711,13 +711,17 @@ class TestSuiteWriter {
                 lines.add("private lateinit var $driver : RemoteWebDriver")
             }
 
-        } else if (config.outputFormat.isJavaScript()) { // Leave as is for playwright?
+        } else if (config.outputFormat.isJavaScript()) {
 
             if (!config.blackBox || config.bbExperiments) {
                 lines.add("const $controller = new $controllerName();")
                 lines.add("let $baseUrlOfSut;")
             } else {
-                lines.add("const $baseUrlOfSut = \"${BlackBoxUtils.targetUrl(config, sampler)}\";")
+                if (config.outputFormat.isPlaywright()) {
+                    lines.add("const $baseUrlOfSut = \"${BlackBoxUtils.targetUrl(config, sampler)}\";")
+                } else {
+                    lines.add("const $baseUrlOfSut = \"${BlackBoxUtils.targetUrl(config, sampler)}\";")
+                }
             }
         } else if (config.outputFormat.isCsharp()) {
             lines.add("private static readonly HttpClient Client = new HttpClient ();")
@@ -775,7 +779,7 @@ class TestSuiteWriter {
         lines.block {
             if (!config.blackBox) {
                 when {
-                    config.outputFormat.isJavaScript() -> { // Add something for playwright white box testing!
+                    config.outputFormat.isJavaScript() -> {
                         addStatement("await $controller.setupForGeneratedTest()", lines)
                         addStatement("$baseUrlOfSut = await $controller.startSut()", lines)
                     }
@@ -801,7 +805,7 @@ class TestSuiteWriter {
 
                 when {
                     format.isJavaOrKotlin() -> addStatement("assertNotNull(baseUrlOfSut)", lines)
-                    format.isJavaScript() -> addStatement("expect(baseUrlOfSut).toBeTruthy()", lines) // Add something for playwright white box testing
+                    format.isJavaScript() -> addStatement("expect(baseUrlOfSut).toBeTruthy()", lines)
                 }
             }
 
@@ -931,7 +935,7 @@ class TestSuiteWriter {
         if (!format.isCsharp()) {
             lines.block {
                 when {
-                    format.isJavaScript() -> { // white box part?
+                    format.isJavaScript() -> {
                         addStatement("await $controller.stopSut()", lines)
                     }
                     else -> {
@@ -956,7 +960,7 @@ class TestSuiteWriter {
             }
         }
 
-        if (format.isJavaScript()) { // white box part?
+        if (format.isJavaScript()) {
             lines.append(");")
         }
     }
@@ -988,7 +992,7 @@ class TestSuiteWriter {
 
         lines.block {
 
-            if (format.isJavaScript()) { // white box part?
+            if (format.isJavaScript()) {
                 //TODO add resetDatabase
                 addStatement("await $controller.resetStateOfSUT()", lines)
             } else if (format.isJavaOrKotlin()) {
@@ -1027,7 +1031,7 @@ class TestSuiteWriter {
             }
         }
 
-        if (format.isJavaScript()) { // white box part?
+        if (format.isJavaScript()) {
             lines.append(");")
         }
     }

From 4969fb6fdf3479136089431cf3cfe1ae33c390da Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: May Kristin Ugelstad <“may.kristin.ugelstad@aize.io”>
Date: Tue, 24 Mar 2026 13:33:46 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 10/16] Add lombok

---
 core-tests/e2e-tests/spring/spring-rest-rsa/pom.xml | 11 +++++++++++
 1 file changed, 11 insertions(+)

diff --git a/core-tests/e2e-tests/spring/spring-rest-rsa/pom.xml b/core-tests/e2e-tests/spring/spring-rest-rsa/pom.xml
index b41f9d7211..84a7544350 100644
--- a/core-tests/e2e-tests/spring/spring-rest-rsa/pom.xml
+++ b/core-tests/e2e-tests/spring/spring-rest-rsa/pom.xml
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@
         <dependency>
             <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
             <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
+            <scope>provided</scope>
         </dependency>
         <dependency>
             <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
@@ -133,6 +134,16 @@
             <plugin>
                 <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                 <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
+                <version>3.14.1</version>
+                <configuration>
+                    <annotationProcessorPaths>
+                        <path>
+                            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
+                            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
+                            <version>1.18.30</version>
+                        </path>
+                    </annotationProcessorPaths>
+                </configuration>
             </plugin>
         </plugins>
     </build>

From 8234fc3b64c76ca1d07751f75440586d74c6ad3e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: FredRaw <fredrikrawicki@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 13 Apr 2026 09:32:34 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 11/16] added possible fixes for playwright code

---
 .../org/evomaster/core/output/service/ApiTestCaseWriter.kt | 6 +++---
 .../evomaster/core/output/service/HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt  | 7 ++++---
 2 files changed, 7 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/ApiTestCaseWriter.kt b/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/ApiTestCaseWriter.kt
index c481d08093..ac4cafe8e5 100644
--- a/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/ApiTestCaseWriter.kt
+++ b/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/ApiTestCaseWriter.kt
@@ -328,7 +328,7 @@ abstract class ApiTestCaseWriter : TestCaseWriter() {
             val instruction = when {
                 format.isJavaOrKotlin() -> ".body(\"${fieldPath}\", nullValue())"
                 format.isPlaywright() -> "expect(($field)${if (fieldPath.isEmpty()) "" else if (fieldPath.startsWith("[")) fieldPath else ".$fieldPath"}).toBe(null);"
-                format.isJavaScript() -> "expect(($field)$fieldPath).toBe(null);"
+                format.isJavaScript() -> "expect($field$fieldPath).toBe(null);" // ($field$)fieldPath
                 format.isCsharp() -> "Assert.True($responseVariableName$fieldPath == null);"
                 format.isPython() -> "assert $responseVariableName.json()$fieldPath is None"
                 else -> throw IllegalStateException("Format not supported yet: $format")
@@ -386,7 +386,7 @@ abstract class ApiTestCaseWriter : TestCaseWriter() {
                     val assertionContent = if (format.isPython()) {
                         "assert $responseVariableName.json()$fieldPath == $toPrint"
                     }else { // javascript
-                        "expect(($field)$fieldPath).toBe($toPrint);"
+                        "expect($field$fieldPath).toBe($toPrint);" // ($field$)fieldPath
                     }
 
                     if (flakyValue == null || flakyValue == value){
@@ -578,7 +578,7 @@ abstract class ApiTestCaseWriter : TestCaseWriter() {
                 if (format.isPlaywright()) {
                     "expect(await $responseVariableName.json()).toHaveLength($expectedSize);"
                 } else {
-                    "expect(($field)$fieldPath.length).toBe($expectedSize);"
+                    "expect($field$fieldPath.length).toBe($expectedSize);" // ($field$)fieldPath
                 }
             }
             format.isCsharp() ->
diff --git a/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt b/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt
index 15efaf4c67..daf7675ea6 100644
--- a/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt
+++ b/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt
@@ -104,7 +104,8 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
             when {
                 format.isKotlin() -> lines.append("val $resVarName: ValidatableResponse = ")
                 format.isJava() -> lines.append("ValidatableResponse $resVarName = ")
-                format.isJavaScript() && format.isPlaywright()-> lines.append("const $resVarName = ")
+                format.isPlaywright() -> lines.append("const $resVarName = ")
+                format.isJavaScript() -> lines.append("const $resVarName = ")
                 format.isPython() -> lines.append("$resVarName = ")
                 format.isCsharp() -> lines.append("var $resVarName = ")
             }
@@ -113,7 +114,7 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
         when {
             format.isJavaOrKotlin() -> lines.append("given()")
             format.isPlaywright() -> lines.append("await request")
-            format.isJavaScript() && !format.isPlaywright() -> lines.append("await superagent")
+            format.isJavaScript() -> lines.append("await superagent")
             format.isCsharp() -> lines.append("await Client")
             format.isPython() -> lines.append("requests \\")
         }
@@ -333,7 +334,7 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
                 }
                 lines.addEmpty()
                 lines.add("const body = await $responseVariableName.json();")
-                lines.add("$responseVariableName.body = body;")
+                lines.add("  = body;")
                 lines.addEmpty()
             }
 

From 158e195ed1f5bccb93f5f5864c483a3a3d5c37ee Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: May Kristin Ugelstad <“may.kristin.ugelstad@aize.io”>
Date: Thu, 23 Apr 2026 10:46:28 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 12/16] Add Playwright library to
 core-tests/e2e-tests/spring/spring-rest-bb/javascript and hopefully fix
 playwright syntax error.

---
 .../javascript/package-lock.json              | 94 +++++++++++++++++++
 .../spring-rest-bb/javascript/package.json    |  1 +
 .../output/service/HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt    |  8 +-
 .../core/output/service/RestTestCaseWriter.kt | 22 +++--
 .../core/output/service/TestSuiteWriter.kt    |  2 +-
 docs/options.md                               |  2 +-
 6 files changed, 112 insertions(+), 17 deletions(-)

diff --git a/core-tests/e2e-tests/spring/spring-rest-bb/javascript/package-lock.json b/core-tests/e2e-tests/spring/spring-rest-bb/javascript/package-lock.json
index c85a0aca99..4333fffe1d 100644
--- a/core-tests/e2e-tests/spring/spring-rest-bb/javascript/package-lock.json
+++ b/core-tests/e2e-tests/spring/spring-rest-bb/javascript/package-lock.json
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
       "name": "evomaster-client-js-e2e-tests",
       "license": "LGPL-3.0-only",
       "devDependencies": {
+        "@playwright/test": "^1.59.1",
         "jest": "29.7.0",
         "superagent": "9.0.2",
         "supertest": "7.0.0",
@@ -933,6 +934,21 @@
         "@jridgewell/sourcemap-codec": "^1.4.14"
       }
     },
+    "node_modules/@playwright/test": {
+      "version": "1.59.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@playwright/test/-/test-1.59.1.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-PG6q63nQg5c9rIi4/Z5lR5IVF7yU5MqmKaPOe0HSc0O2cX1fPi96sUQu5j7eo4gKCkB2AnNGoWt7y4/Xx3Kcqg==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "dependencies": {
+        "playwright": "1.59.1"
+      },
+      "bin": {
+        "playwright": "cli.js"
+      },
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">=18"
+      }
+    },
     "node_modules/@sinclair/typebox": {
       "version": "0.27.8",
       "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@sinclair/typebox/-/typebox-0.27.8.tgz",
@@ -3248,6 +3264,50 @@
         "node": ">=8"
       }
     },
+    "node_modules/playwright": {
+      "version": "1.59.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/playwright/-/playwright-1.59.1.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-C8oWjPR3F81yljW9o5OxcWzfh6avkVwDD2VYdwIGqTkl+OGFISgypqzfu7dOe4QNLL2aqcWBmI3PMtLIK233lw==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "dependencies": {
+        "playwright-core": "1.59.1"
+      },
+      "bin": {
+        "playwright": "cli.js"
+      },
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">=18"
+      },
+      "optionalDependencies": {
+        "fsevents": "2.3.2"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/playwright-core": {
+      "version": "1.59.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/playwright-core/-/playwright-core-1.59.1.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-HBV/RJg81z5BiiZ9yPzIiClYV/QMsDCKUyogwH9p3MCP6IYjUFu/MActgYAvK0oWyV9NlwM3GLBjADyWgydVyg==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "bin": {
+        "playwright-core": "cli.js"
+      },
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">=18"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/playwright/node_modules/fsevents": {
+      "version": "2.3.2",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/fsevents/-/fsevents-2.3.2.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-xiqMQR4xAeHTuB9uWm+fFRcIOgKBMiOBP+eXiyT7jsgVCq1bkVygt00oASowB7EdtpOHaaPgKt812P9ab+DDKA==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "hasInstallScript": true,
+      "optional": true,
+      "os": [
+        "darwin"
+      ],
+      "engines": {
+        "node": "^8.16.0 || ^10.6.0 || >=11.0.0"
+      }
+    },
     "node_modules/pretty-format": {
       "version": "29.7.0",
       "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/pretty-format/-/pretty-format-29.7.0.tgz",
@@ -4567,6 +4627,15 @@
         "@jridgewell/sourcemap-codec": "^1.4.14"
       }
     },
+    "@playwright/test": {
+      "version": "1.59.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@playwright/test/-/test-1.59.1.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-PG6q63nQg5c9rIi4/Z5lR5IVF7yU5MqmKaPOe0HSc0O2cX1fPi96sUQu5j7eo4gKCkB2AnNGoWt7y4/Xx3Kcqg==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "requires": {
+        "playwright": "1.59.1"
+      }
+    },
     "@sinclair/typebox": {
       "version": "0.27.8",
       "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@sinclair/typebox/-/typebox-0.27.8.tgz",
@@ -6292,6 +6361,31 @@
         "find-up": "^4.0.0"
       }
     },
+    "playwright": {
+      "version": "1.59.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/playwright/-/playwright-1.59.1.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-C8oWjPR3F81yljW9o5OxcWzfh6avkVwDD2VYdwIGqTkl+OGFISgypqzfu7dOe4QNLL2aqcWBmI3PMtLIK233lw==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "requires": {
+        "fsevents": "2.3.2",
+        "playwright-core": "1.59.1"
+      },
+      "dependencies": {
+        "fsevents": {
+          "version": "2.3.2",
+          "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/fsevents/-/fsevents-2.3.2.tgz",
+          "integrity": "sha512-xiqMQR4xAeHTuB9uWm+fFRcIOgKBMiOBP+eXiyT7jsgVCq1bkVygt00oASowB7EdtpOHaaPgKt812P9ab+DDKA==",
+          "dev": true,
+          "optional": true
+        }
+      }
+    },
+    "playwright-core": {
+      "version": "1.59.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/playwright-core/-/playwright-core-1.59.1.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-HBV/RJg81z5BiiZ9yPzIiClYV/QMsDCKUyogwH9p3MCP6IYjUFu/MActgYAvK0oWyV9NlwM3GLBjADyWgydVyg==",
+      "dev": true
+    },
     "pretty-format": {
       "version": "29.7.0",
       "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/pretty-format/-/pretty-format-29.7.0.tgz",
diff --git a/core-tests/e2e-tests/spring/spring-rest-bb/javascript/package.json b/core-tests/e2e-tests/spring/spring-rest-bb/javascript/package.json
index 5c69b06726..aa42e14ae8 100644
--- a/core-tests/e2e-tests/spring/spring-rest-bb/javascript/package.json
+++ b/core-tests/e2e-tests/spring/spring-rest-bb/javascript/package.json
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
   "author": "EvoMaster Team",
   "license": "LGPL-3.0-only",
   "devDependencies": {
+    "@playwright/test": "^1.59.1",
     "jest": "29.7.0",
     "superagent": "9.0.2",
     "supertest": "7.0.0",
diff --git a/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt b/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt
index daf7675ea6..eda55ac430 100644
--- a/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt
+++ b/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt
@@ -333,9 +333,6 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
                     lines.addSingleCommentLine(statusAssert)
                 }
                 lines.addEmpty()
-                lines.add("const body = await $responseVariableName.json();")
-                lines.add("  = body;")
-                lines.addEmpty()
             }
 
             format.isJavaScript() && !format.isPlaywright() -> {
@@ -551,18 +548,19 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
                 lines.indent(2)
                 if (format.isPlaywright()) {
                     handleVerbEndpoint(baseUrlOfSut, call, lines)
+                    lines.replaceInCurrent(Regex("\\)$"), "")
                     lines.append(", {")
                     lines.addEmpty()
                     lines.indented {
                         lines.add("headers: {")
                         lines.indented {
-                            lines.add("${openAcceptHeader()}${getAcceptHeader(call, res)}")
+                            lines.add(getAcceptHeader(call, res))
                             handleHeaders(call, lines)
                         }
                         lines.add("},")
                         handleBody(call, lines, dtoVar)
                     }
-                    lines.add("}")
+                    lines.add("})")
                 } else {
                     //in SuperAgent, verb must be first
                     handleVerbEndpoint(baseUrlOfSut, call, lines)
diff --git a/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/RestTestCaseWriter.kt b/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/RestTestCaseWriter.kt
index 3a9b863130..3f11bb8fc9 100644
--- a/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/RestTestCaseWriter.kt
+++ b/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/RestTestCaseWriter.kt
@@ -221,16 +221,18 @@ class RestTestCaseWriter : HttpWsTestCaseWriter {
         val call = _call as RestCallAction
         val verb = call.verb.name.lowercase()
 
-        if (format.isCsharp()) {
-            lines.append(".${StringUtils.capitalization(verb)}Async(")
-        } else if (format.isPlaywright()) {
-            lines.add("request.$verb(")
-        } else {
-            if (verb == "trace" && format.isJavaOrKotlin()) {
-                //currently, RestAssured does not have a trace() method
-                lines.add(".request(io.restassured.http.Method.TRACE, ")
-            } else {
-                lines.add(".$verb(")
+        when {
+            format.isPlaywright() -> {
+                lines.add("request.$verb(")
+            }
+            format.isCsharp() -> lines.append(".${StringUtils.capitalization(verb)}Async(")
+            else -> {
+                if (verb == "trace" && format.isJavaOrKotlin()) {
+                    //currently, RestAssured does not have a trace() method
+                    lines.add(".request(io.restassured.http.Method.TRACE, ")
+                } else {
+                    lines.add(".$verb(")
+                }
             }
         }
 
diff --git a/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/TestSuiteWriter.kt b/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/TestSuiteWriter.kt
index 0efbbbb1d7..585b3378ae 100644
--- a/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/TestSuiteWriter.kt
+++ b/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/TestSuiteWriter.kt
@@ -787,7 +787,7 @@ class TestSuiteWriter {
                 lines.add("fun initClass()")
             }
             format.isJavaScript() && !format.isPlaywright()-> lines.add("beforeAll( async () =>")
-            format.isJavaScript() && format.isPlaywright() -> lines.add("test.beforeAll(async ({ request }) =>")
+            format.isJavaScript() && format.isPlaywright() -> lines.add("(async ({ request }) =>")
         }
 
         lines.block {
diff --git a/docs/options.md b/docs/options.md
index f9a13d5c5a..4529b034ef 100644
--- a/docs/options.md
+++ b/docs/options.md
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ There are 3 types of options:
 |`configPath`| __String__. File path for file with configuration settings. Supported formats are YAML and TOML. When EvoMaster starts, it will read such file and import all configurations from it. *Constraints*: `regex .*\.(yml\|yaml\|toml)`. *Default value*: `em.yaml`.|
 |`outputFilePrefix`| __String__. The name prefix of generated file(s) with the test cases, without file type extension. In JVM languages, if the name contains '.', folders will be created to represent the given package structure. Also, in JVM languages, should not use '-' in the file name, as not valid symbol for class identifiers. This prefix be combined with the outputFileSuffix to combined the final name. As EvoMaster can split the generated tests among different files, each will get a label, and the names will be in the form prefix+label+suffix. *Constraints*: `regex [-a-zA-Z$_][-0-9a-zA-Z$_]*(.[-a-zA-Z$_][-0-9a-zA-Z$_]*)*`. *Default value*: `EvoMaster`.|
 |`outputFileSuffix`| __String__. The name suffix for the generated file(s), to be added before the file type extension. As EvoMaster can split the generated tests among different files, each will get a label, and the names will be in the form prefix+label+suffix. *Constraints*: `regex [-a-zA-Z$_][-0-9a-zA-Z$_]*(.[-a-zA-Z$_][-0-9a-zA-Z$_]*)*`. *Default value*: `Test`.|
-|`outputFormat`| __Enum__. Specify in which format the tests should be outputted. If left on `DEFAULT`, for white-box testing then the value specified in the _EvoMaster Driver_ will be used. On the other hand, for black-box testing it will default to a predefined type (e.g., Python). *Valid values*: `DEFAULT, JAVA_JUNIT_5, JAVA_JUNIT_4, KOTLIN_JUNIT_4, KOTLIN_JUNIT_5, JS_JEST, PYTHON_UNITTEST`. *Default value*: `DEFAULT`.|
+|`outputFormat`| __Enum__. Specify in which format the tests should be outputted. If left on `DEFAULT`, for white-box testing then the value specified in the _EvoMaster Driver_ will be used. On the other hand, for black-box testing it will default to a predefined type (e.g., Python). *Valid values*: `DEFAULT, JAVA_JUNIT_5, JAVA_JUNIT_4, KOTLIN_JUNIT_4, KOTLIN_JUNIT_5, JS_JEST, JS_JEST_PLAYWRIGHT, PYTHON_UNITTEST`. *Default value*: `DEFAULT`.|
 |`testTimeout`| __Int__. Enforce timeout (in seconds) in the generated tests. This feature might not be supported in all frameworks. If 0 or negative, the timeout is not applied. *Default value*: `60`.|
 |`blackBox`| __Boolean__. Use EvoMaster in black-box mode. This does not require an EvoMaster Driver up and running. However, you will need to provide further option to specify how to connect to the SUT. *Default value*: `false`.|
 |`bbSwaggerUrl`| __String__. When in black-box mode for REST APIs, specify the URL of where the OpenAPI/Swagger schema can be downloaded from. If the schema is on the local machine, you can use a URL starting with 'file://'. If the given URL is neither starting with 'file' nor 'http', then it will be treated as a local file path. *Default value*: `""`.|

From e666fb6db9f536041b9cc93813e69f639521e985 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: FredRaw <fredrikrawicki@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 24 Apr 2026 09:38:03 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 13/16] updated release.yml to include changes from master
 branch

---
 .github/workflows/release.yml | 13 +++++++++----
 1 file changed, 9 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/release.yml b/.github/workflows/release.yml
index 6f4b304a0d..d4be9c806e 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/release.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/release.yml
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ env:
   evomaster-version: 5.1.1
   jdk-jar: 17
   jdk-jpackage: 21
+  java-distribution: temurin
   retention-days: 1
 ## Doesn't work, ie, use env in env
 #  installer-windows: evomaster-${evomaster-version}.msi
@@ -24,9 +25,10 @@ jobs:
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - name: Setup JDK ${{env.jdk-jar}}
-        uses: actions/setup-java@v1
+        uses: actions/setup-java@v5
         with:
           java-version: ${{env.jdk-jar}}
+          distribution: ${{env.java-distribution}}
       - name: Cache Maven packages
         uses: actions/cache@v3
         with:
@@ -74,9 +76,10 @@ jobs:
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - name: Setup JDK ${{env.jdk-jpackage}}
-        uses: actions/setup-java@v1
+        uses: actions/setup-java@v5
         with:
           java-version: ${{env.jdk-jpackage}}
+          distribution: ${{env.java-distribution}}
       - name: Download fat jar
         uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
         with:
@@ -99,9 +102,10 @@ jobs:
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - name: Setup JDK ${{env.jdk-jpackage}}
-        uses: actions/setup-java@v1
+        uses: actions/setup-java@v5
         with:
           java-version: ${{env.jdk-jpackage}}
+          distribution: ${{env.java-distribution}}
       - name: Download fat jar
         uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
         with:
@@ -124,9 +128,10 @@ jobs:
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - name: Setup JDK ${{env.jdk-jpackage}}
-        uses: actions/setup-java@v1
+        uses: actions/setup-java@v5
         with:
           java-version: ${{env.jdk-jpackage}}
+          distribution: ${{env.java-distribution}}
       - name: Download fat jar
         uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
         with:

From b8dc0a39bb03c18795bfd7a58593de69bee7299f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: FredRaw <fredrikrawicki@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 27 Apr 2026 11:15:11 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 14/16] re-introduced if(nody.isNotBlank()) test to avoid
 failure of testInActiveBodyParamlnTest()

---
 .../output/service/HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt    | 61 +++++++++++--------
 1 file changed, 36 insertions(+), 25 deletions(-)

diff --git a/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt b/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt
index eda55ac430..6cc6a2acf6 100644
--- a/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt
+++ b/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt
@@ -638,35 +638,46 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
             } else if (bodyParam.isTextPlain()) {
 
                 val body = bodyParam.getValueAsPrintableString(mode = GeneUtils.EscapeMode.TEXT, targetFormat = format)
-                if (body != "\"\"") {
-                    when {
-                        format.isCsharp() -> {
-                            lines.append("new StringContent(\"$body\", Encoding.UTF8, \"${bodyParam.contentType()}\")")
+                // handle body only if it is not black
+                if (body.isNotBlank()) {
+                    if (body != "\"\"") {
+                        when {
+                            format.isCsharp() -> {
+                                lines.append("new StringContent(\"$body\", Encoding.UTF8, \"${bodyParam.contentType()}\")")
+                            }
+
+                            format.isPython() -> {
+                                if (body.trim().isNullOrBlank()) {
+                                    lines.add("body = \"\"")
+                                } else {
+                                    lines.add("body = $body")
+                                }
+                            }
+
+                            format.isJavaScript() && format.isPlaywright() -> {
+                                lines.add("data: $body,")
+                            }
+
+                            else -> {
+                                lines.add(".$send($body)")
+                            }
                         }
-                        format.isPython() -> {
-                            if (body.trim().isNullOrBlank()) {
+                    } else {
+                        when {
+                            format.isCsharp() -> {
+                                lines.append("new StringContent(\"${"""\"\""""}\", Encoding.UTF8, \"${bodyParam.contentType()}\")")
+                            }
+
+                            format.isPython() -> {
                                 lines.add("body = \"\"")
-                            } else {
-                                lines.add("body = $body")
                             }
+
+                            format.isJavaScript() && format.isPlaywright() -> {
+                                lines.add("data: \"${"""\"\""""}\",")
+                            }
+
+                            else -> lines.add(".$send(\"${"""\"\""""}\")")
                         }
-                        format.isJavaScript() && format.isPlaywright() -> {
-                            lines.add("data: $body,")
-                        }
-                        else -> lines.add(".$send($body)")
-                    }
-                } else {
-                    when {
-                        format.isCsharp() -> {
-                            lines.append("new StringContent(\"${"""\"\""""}\", Encoding.UTF8, \"${bodyParam.contentType()}\")")
-                        }
-                        format.isPython() -> {
-                            lines.add("body = \"\"")
-                        }
-                        format.isJavaScript() && format.isPlaywright() -> {
-                            lines.add("data: \"${"""\"\""""}\",")
-                        }
-                        else -> lines.add(".$send(\"${"""\"\""""}\")")
                     }
                 }
 

From 188b96aed618704b04ee2bb92dc9ae0e7ea0e8d3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: May Kristin Ugelstad <“may.kristin.ugelstad@aize.io”>
Date: Thu, 7 May 2026 15:28:02 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 15/16] BlackBoxUtils.kt: Add base location and relative path
 for Playwright and add function for running PLaywright tests.
 HttpsWsTestCaseWriter.kt: Remove await request handling for Playwright and
 hopefully fix header handling for response. RestTestCaseWriter.kt: Add await
 for playwright SpringTestBase.kt: Add playwright support Add
 playwright.config

---
 .../evomaster/e2etests/utils/BlackBoxUtils.kt | 20 +++++++++++++++++--
 .../spring/graphql/bb/SpringTestBase.kt       |  2 ++
 .../javascript/playwright.config.js           |  6 ++++++
 .../e2etests/spring/rest/bb/SpringTestBase.kt |  5 +++--
 .../output/service/HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt    |  6 +++---
 .../core/output/service/RestTestCaseWriter.kt |  2 +-
 6 files changed, 33 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 core-tests/e2e-tests/spring/spring-rest-bb/javascript/playwright.config.js

diff --git a/core-tests/e2e-tests/e2e-tests-utils/src/test/kotlin/org/evomaster/e2etests/utils/BlackBoxUtils.kt b/core-tests/e2e-tests/e2e-tests-utils/src/test/kotlin/org/evomaster/e2etests/utils/BlackBoxUtils.kt
index a3577df23b..a6089e694b 100644
--- a/core-tests/e2e-tests/e2e-tests-utils/src/test/kotlin/org/evomaster/e2etests/utils/BlackBoxUtils.kt
+++ b/core-tests/e2e-tests/e2e-tests-utils/src/test/kotlin/org/evomaster/e2etests/utils/BlackBoxUtils.kt
@@ -14,12 +14,15 @@ object BlackBoxUtils {
     private const val GENERATED_FOLDER_NAME = "generated"
 
     const val baseLocationForJavaScript = "$JS_BASE_PATH/$GENERATED_FOLDER_NAME"
+    const val baseLocationForPlaywright = "$JS_BASE_PATH/$GENERATED_FOLDER_NAME/playwright"
     const val baseLocationForPython = "$PY_BASE_PATH/$GENERATED_FOLDER_NAME"
     const val baseLocationForJava = "$MAVEN_BASE_PATH/src/test/java"
     const val baseLocationForKotlin = "$MAVEN_BASE_PATH/src/test/kotlin"
 
     fun relativePath(folderName: String) = "$GENERATED_FOLDER_NAME/$folderName"
 
+    fun relativePathPlaywright(folderName: String) = "$GENERATED_FOLDER_NAME/playwright/$folderName"
+
     fun checkCoveredTargets(targetLabels: Collection<String>) {
         targetLabels.forEach {
             assertTrue(CoveredTargets.isCovered(it), "Target '$it' is not covered")
@@ -36,7 +39,6 @@ object BlackBoxUtils {
 
     private fun mvn() = if (isWindows()) "mvn.cmd" else "mvn"
 
-
     private fun runNpmInstall() {
         val command = listOf(npm(), "ci")
 
@@ -120,6 +122,20 @@ object BlackBoxUtils {
         runTestsCommand(command, JS_BASE_PATH, "NPM")
     }
 
+    fun runPlaywrightTests(folderRelativePath: String) {
+        runNpmInstall()
+
+        val path = if(folderRelativePath.endsWith("/")){
+            folderRelativePath
+        } else {
+            "$folderRelativePath/"
+        }
+
+        val npx = if (isWindows()) "npx.cmd" else "npx"
+        val command = listOf(npx, "playwright", "test", path)
+        runTestsCommand(command, JS_BASE_PATH, "Playwright")
+    }
+
     fun runPythonTests(folderRelativePath: String) {
         installPythonRequirements()
 
@@ -151,4 +167,4 @@ object BlackBoxUtils {
 
     fun getOutputFilePrefixKotlin(outputFolderName: String) = "com.kotlin.$outputFolderName.EM"
 
-}
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/core-tests/e2e-tests/spring/spring-graphql-bb/src/test/kotlin/org/evomaster/e2etests/spring/graphql/bb/SpringTestBase.kt b/core-tests/e2e-tests/spring/spring-graphql-bb/src/test/kotlin/org/evomaster/e2etests/spring/graphql/bb/SpringTestBase.kt
index 30291759dc..ee78d106d8 100644
--- a/core-tests/e2e-tests/spring/spring-graphql-bb/src/test/kotlin/org/evomaster/e2etests/spring/graphql/bb/SpringTestBase.kt
+++ b/core-tests/e2e-tests/spring/spring-graphql-bb/src/test/kotlin/org/evomaster/e2etests/spring/graphql/bb/SpringTestBase.kt
@@ -90,6 +90,7 @@ abstract class SpringTestBase : GraphQLTestBase() {
         lambda: Consumer<MutableList<String>>
     ){
         val baseLocation = when {
+            outputFormat.isPlaywright() -> BlackBoxUtils.baseLocationForPlaywright
             outputFormat.isJavaScript() -> BlackBoxUtils.baseLocationForJavaScript
             outputFormat.isPython() -> BlackBoxUtils.baseLocationForPython
             else -> throw IllegalArgumentException("Not supported output type $outputFormat")
@@ -100,6 +101,7 @@ abstract class SpringTestBase : GraphQLTestBase() {
     fun runGeneratedTests(outputFormat: OutputFormat, outputFolderName: String){
 
         when{
+            outputFormat.isPlaywright() -> BlackBoxUtils.runPlaywrightTests(BlackBoxUtils.relativePathPlaywright(outputFolderName))
             outputFormat.isJavaScript() -> BlackBoxUtils.runNpmTests(BlackBoxUtils.relativePath(outputFolderName))
             outputFormat.isPython() -> BlackBoxUtils.runPythonTests(BlackBoxUtils.relativePath(outputFolderName))
             else -> throw IllegalArgumentException("Not supported output type $outputFormat")
diff --git a/core-tests/e2e-tests/spring/spring-rest-bb/javascript/playwright.config.js b/core-tests/e2e-tests/spring/spring-rest-bb/javascript/playwright.config.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ce35c56d60
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core-tests/e2e-tests/spring/spring-rest-bb/javascript/playwright.config.js
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+const { defineConfig } = require('@playwright/test');
+
+module.exports = defineConfig({
+  testDir: './generated',
+  testMatch: /.*[tT]est\.js/,
+});
diff --git a/core-tests/e2e-tests/spring/spring-rest-bb/src/test/kotlin/org/evomaster/e2etests/spring/rest/bb/SpringTestBase.kt b/core-tests/e2e-tests/spring/spring-rest-bb/src/test/kotlin/org/evomaster/e2etests/spring/rest/bb/SpringTestBase.kt
index 3586ed69c1..24cb85b04c 100644
--- a/core-tests/e2e-tests/spring/spring-rest-bb/src/test/kotlin/org/evomaster/e2etests/spring/rest/bb/SpringTestBase.kt
+++ b/core-tests/e2e-tests/spring/spring-rest-bb/src/test/kotlin/org/evomaster/e2etests/spring/rest/bb/SpringTestBase.kt
@@ -116,7 +116,6 @@ abstract class SpringTestBase : RestTestBase() {
         BlackBoxUtils.checkCoveredTargets(targetLabels)
     }
 
-
     fun runBlackBoxEM(
         outputFormat: OutputFormat,
         outputFolderName: String,
@@ -125,6 +124,7 @@ abstract class SpringTestBase : RestTestBase() {
         lambda: Consumer<MutableList<String>>
     ){
         val baseLocation = when {
+            outputFormat.isPlaywright() -> BlackBoxUtils.baseLocationForPlaywright
             outputFormat.isJavaScript() -> BlackBoxUtils.baseLocationForJavaScript
             outputFormat.isPython() -> BlackBoxUtils.baseLocationForPython
             outputFormat.isJava() -> BlackBoxUtils.baseLocationForJava
@@ -137,6 +137,7 @@ abstract class SpringTestBase : RestTestBase() {
     fun runGeneratedTests(outputFormat: OutputFormat, outputFolderName: String){
 
         when{
+            outputFormat.isPlaywright() -> BlackBoxUtils.runPlaywrightTests(BlackBoxUtils.relativePathPlaywright(outputFolderName))
             outputFormat.isJavaScript() -> BlackBoxUtils.runNpmTests(BlackBoxUtils.relativePath(outputFolderName))
             outputFormat.isPython() -> BlackBoxUtils.runPythonTests(BlackBoxUtils.relativePath(outputFolderName))
             outputFormat.isJava() -> BlackBoxUtils.runJavaTests(outputFolderName)
@@ -189,4 +190,4 @@ abstract class SpringTestBase : RestTestBase() {
         }
     }
 
-}
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt b/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt
index 6cc6a2acf6..ec1dc91ab4 100644
--- a/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt
+++ b/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
 
         when {
             format.isJavaOrKotlin() -> lines.append("given()")
-            format.isPlaywright() -> lines.append("await request")
+            format.isPlaywright() -> {} // already handled in handleVerbEndpoint in RestTestCaseWriter
             format.isJavaScript() -> lines.append("await superagent")
             format.isCsharp() -> lines.append("await Client")
             format.isPython() -> lines.append("requests \\")
@@ -881,7 +881,7 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
         if(!allow.isNullOrBlank()){
             val instruction = when {
                 format.isJavaOrKotlin() -> ".header(\"Allow\", \"$allow\")"
-                format.isPlaywright() -> "expect(await $responseVariableName.headerValue(\"allow\")).toContain(\"$allow\")"
+                format.isPlaywright() -> "expect($responseVariableName.headers()[\"allow\"]).toContain(\"$allow\")"
                 format.isJavaScript() -> "expect($responseVariableName.header[\"allow\"].startsWith(\"$allow\")).toBe(true);"
                 format.isPython() -> "assert \"$allow\" in $responseVariableName.headers[\"allow\"]"
                 else -> throw IllegalStateException("Unsupported format $format")
@@ -913,7 +913,7 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
 
             val instruction = when {
                 format.isJavaOrKotlin() -> ".contentType(\"$bodyTypeSimplified\")"
-                format.isPlaywright() -> "expect(await $responseVariableName.headerValue(\"content-type\")).toContain(\"$bodyTypeSimplified\")"
+                format.isPlaywright() -> "expect($responseVariableName.headers()[\"content-type\"]).toContain(\"$bodyTypeSimplified\")"
                 format.isJavaScript() ->
                     "expect($responseVariableName.header[\"content-type\"].startsWith(\"$bodyTypeSimplified\")).toBe(true);"
 
diff --git a/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/RestTestCaseWriter.kt b/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/RestTestCaseWriter.kt
index 1a592aa985..3bd63c272c 100644
--- a/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/RestTestCaseWriter.kt
+++ b/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/RestTestCaseWriter.kt
@@ -219,7 +219,7 @@ class RestTestCaseWriter : HttpWsTestCaseWriter {
 
         when {
             format.isPlaywright() -> {
-                lines.add("request.$verb(")
+                lines.add("await request.$verb(")
             }
             format.isCsharp() -> lines.append(".${StringUtils.capitalization(verb)}Async(")
             else -> {

From ce127974d0901d683387c18540fc52e06971ac8d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: May Kristin Ugelstad <“may.kristin.ugelstad@aize.io”>
Date: Tue, 12 May 2026 14:30:40 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 16/16] All changes only made to playwright code. Will
 hopefully fix BB test errors for generating playwright output:
 ApiTestCaseWriter.kt: update json response size assertions, CookieWriter.kt:
 update assignment of cookie value, httpWsTestCaseWriter.kt: update header and
 add verb handling, RestTestCaseWriter.kt: update verb handling incl. fetch
 method, TokenWriter.kt: update token handling

---
 .../core/output/auth/CookieWriter.kt          | 17 +++++++++++------
 .../evomaster/core/output/auth/TokenWriter.kt |  6 ++++--
 .../core/output/service/ApiTestCaseWriter.kt  | 19 ++++++++++---------
 .../output/service/HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt    |  5 +++++
 .../core/output/service/RestTestCaseWriter.kt |  7 ++++++-
 5 files changed, 36 insertions(+), 18 deletions(-)

diff --git a/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/auth/CookieWriter.kt b/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/auth/CookieWriter.kt
index 844bda8cf0..378d6790a4 100644
--- a/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/auth/CookieWriter.kt
+++ b/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/auth/CookieWriter.kt
@@ -50,12 +50,15 @@ object CookieWriter {
             when {
                 format.isJava() -> lines.add("final Map<String,String> ${cookiesName(k)} = ")
                 format.isKotlin() -> lines.add("val ${cookiesName(k)} : Map<String,String> = ")
+                format.isPlaywright() -> lines.add("let ${cookiesName(k)};")
                 format.isJavaScript() -> lines.add("const ${cookiesName(k)} = ")
             }
 
             if (!format.isPython()) {
                 // TODO: should we use DTO for cookie related requests?
-                testCaseWriter.startRequest(lines)
+                if (!format.isPlaywright()) {
+                    testCaseWriter.startRequest(lines)
+                }
                 lines.indent()
             }
 
@@ -83,7 +86,7 @@ object CookieWriter {
             }
 
             if (format.isPlaywright()) {
-                lines.add(".then(async (res) => (await res.headerValue('set-cookie'))?.split(';')[0])")
+                lines.add(".then(async (res) => { ${cookiesName(k)} = res.headers()['set-cookie']?.split('\\n')?.find(c => c.trim().length > 0)?.split(';')[0]; })")
                 lines.appendSemicolon()
             }
 
@@ -115,6 +118,11 @@ object CookieWriter {
         targetVariable: String
     ) {
 
+        if (format.isPlaywright()) {
+            callEndpoint(lines, k, format, baseUrlOfSut)
+            return
+        }
+
         if(format.isJavaScript() && !format.isPlaywright()) {
             callEndpoint(lines, k, format, baseUrlOfSut)
         }
@@ -182,9 +190,6 @@ object CookieWriter {
             callEndpoint(lines, k, format, baseUrlOfSut)
         }
 
-        if (format.isPlaywright()) {
-            callEndpoint(lines, k, format, baseUrlOfSut)
-        }
 
         if (format.isPython()) {
             lines.add("$targetVariable = requests \\")
@@ -207,7 +212,7 @@ object CookieWriter {
         val verb = k.verb.name.lowercase()
 
         if (format.isPlaywright()) {
-            lines.add("request.$verb(")
+            lines.add("await request.$verb(")
         } else {
             lines.add(".$verb(")
         }
diff --git a/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/auth/TokenWriter.kt b/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/auth/TokenWriter.kt
index 5c58b2c74d..81f92ef44f 100644
--- a/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/auth/TokenWriter.kt
+++ b/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/auth/TokenWriter.kt
@@ -52,13 +52,15 @@ object TokenWriter {
             when {
                 format.isJava() -> lines.add("final String ${tokenName(k)} = ")
                 format.isKotlin() -> lines.add("val ${tokenName(k)} : String = ")
+                format.isPlaywright() -> {
+                    lines.add("let ${tokenName(k)};")
+                }
                 format.isJavaScript() -> lines.add("let ${tokenName(k)} = ")
             }
 
             when{
                 format.isJavaOrKotlin() -> lines.append("given()")
                 format.isPlaywright() -> {
-                    lines.append("await ")
                 }
                 format.isJavaScript() -> {
                     lines.append("\"\"")
@@ -107,7 +109,7 @@ object TokenWriter {
                 TokenHandling.ExtractFrom.HEADER -> {
                     val header = token.extractSelector
                     if (format.isPlaywright()) {
-                        lines.add(".then(async res => {${tokenName(k)} = await res.headerValue(\"$header\");},")
+                        lines.add(".then(async res => {${tokenName(k)} = res.headers()[\"${header.lowercase()}\"];},")
                         lines.indented { lines.add("async error => {console.log(await error.response.text()); throw Error(\"Auth failed.\")})") }
                     } else if (format.isJavaScript()) {
                         lines.add(".then(res => {${tokenName(k)} = res.get(\"$header\");},")
diff --git a/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/ApiTestCaseWriter.kt b/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/ApiTestCaseWriter.kt
index 2eca7989b0..61de4bd224 100644
--- a/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/ApiTestCaseWriter.kt
+++ b/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/ApiTestCaseWriter.kt
@@ -345,13 +345,14 @@ abstract class ApiTestCaseWriter : TestCaseWriter() {
 
         if (value == null) {
             val field = when {
-                format.isPlaywright() -> "await $responseVariableName.json()"
+                format.isPlaywright() -> "(await $responseVariableName.json())"
                 format.isJavaScript() -> "$responseVariableName.body"
                 else -> ""
             }
+            val fieldWithDot = if (fieldPath.isEmpty() || fieldPath.startsWith("[")) fieldPath else if (fieldPath.startsWith(".")) fieldPath else ".$fieldPath"
             val instruction = when {
                 format.isJavaOrKotlin() -> ".body(\"${fieldPath}\", nullValue())"
-                format.isPlaywright() -> "expect(($field)${if (fieldPath.isEmpty()) "" else if (fieldPath.startsWith("[")) fieldPath else ".$fieldPath"}).toBe(null);"
+                format.isPlaywright() -> "expect(($field)$fieldWithDot).toBe(null);"
                 format.isJavaScript() -> "expect($field$fieldPath).toBe(null);" // ($field$)fieldPath
                 format.isCsharp() -> "Assert.True($responseVariableName$fieldPath == null);"
                 format.isPython() -> "assert $responseVariableName.json()$fieldPath is None"
@@ -403,12 +404,15 @@ abstract class ApiTestCaseWriter : TestCaseWriter() {
             if (isSuitableToPrint(toPrint)) {
                 if (format.isJavaScript() || format.isPython()) {
                     val field = when {
-                        format.isPlaywright() -> "await $responseVariableName.json()"
+                        format.isPlaywright() -> "(await $responseVariableName.json())"
                         format.isJavaScript() -> "$responseVariableName.body"
                         else -> ""
                     }
+                    val fieldWithDot = if (fieldPath.isEmpty() || fieldPath.startsWith("[")) fieldPath else if (fieldPath.startsWith(".")) fieldPath else ".$fieldPath"
                     val assertionContent = if (format.isPython()) {
                         "assert $responseVariableName.json()$fieldPath == $toPrint"
+                    }else if (format.isPlaywright()){ // playwright
+                        "expect($field$fieldWithDot).toBe($toPrint);"
                     }else { // javascript
                         "expect($field$fieldPath).toBe($toPrint);" // ($field$)fieldPath
                     }
@@ -594,14 +598,11 @@ abstract class ApiTestCaseWriter : TestCaseWriter() {
                 ".body(\"${path}size()\", equalTo($expectedSize))"
             }
             format.isJavaScript() -> {
-                val field = when {
-                    format.isPlaywright() -> "await $responseVariableName.json()"
-                    format.isJavaScript() -> "$responseVariableName.body"
-                    else -> ""
-                }
                 if (format.isPlaywright()) {
-                    "expect(await $responseVariableName.json()).toHaveLength($expectedSize);"
+                    val field = if (fieldPath.isEmpty()) "" else if (fieldPath.startsWith("[")) fieldPath else if (fieldPath.startsWith(".")) fieldPath else ".$fieldPath"
+                    "expect((await $responseVariableName.json())$field).toHaveLength($expectedSize);"
                 } else {
+                    val field = "$responseVariableName.body"
                     "expect($field$fieldPath.length).toBe($expectedSize);" // ($field$)fieldPath
                 }
             }
diff --git a/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt b/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt
index 12194309bc..da04e9393b 100644
--- a/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt
+++ b/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/HttpWsTestCaseWriter.kt
@@ -274,6 +274,8 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
                 val escapedHeader = GeneUtils.applyEscapes(x, GeneUtils.EscapeMode.BODY, format)
                 if (format.isPython()) {
                     lines.add("headers[\"${it.name}\"] = \"${escapedHeader}\"")
+                } else if (format.isPlaywright()) {
+                    lines.add("'${it.name}': '${escapedHeader}',")
                 } else {
 
                     lines.add(".$set(\"${it.name}\", \"${escapedHeader}\")")
@@ -552,6 +554,9 @@ abstract class HttpWsTestCaseWriter : ApiTestCaseWriter() {
                     lines.append(", {")
                     lines.addEmpty()
                     lines.indented {
+                        if (call is org.evomaster.core.problem.rest.data.RestCallAction) {
+                            lines.add("method: \"${call.verb.name.uppercase()}\",")
+                        }
                         lines.add("headers: {")
                         lines.indented {
                             lines.add(getAcceptHeader(call, res))
diff --git a/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/RestTestCaseWriter.kt b/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/RestTestCaseWriter.kt
index 3bd63c272c..0aaf8ecb9b 100644
--- a/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/RestTestCaseWriter.kt
+++ b/core/src/main/kotlin/org/evomaster/core/output/service/RestTestCaseWriter.kt
@@ -219,7 +219,12 @@ class RestTestCaseWriter : HttpWsTestCaseWriter {
 
         when {
             format.isPlaywright() -> {
-                lines.add("await request.$verb(")
+                val verbToUse = call.verb.name.lowercase()
+                if (verbToUse.uppercase() == "OPTIONS") {
+                    lines.add("await request.fetch(")
+                } else {
+                    lines.add("await request.$verbToUse(")
+                }
             }
             format.isCsharp() -> lines.append(".${StringUtils.capitalization(verb)}Async(")
             else -> {