diff --git a/common/changes/@visactor/vtable/fix-issue-5137-filter-column-order_2026-05-20-02-27.json b/common/changes/@visactor/vtable/fix-issue-5137-filter-column-order_2026-05-20-02-27.json
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2ebebd87e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/common/changes/@visactor/vtable/fix-issue-5137-filter-column-order_2026-05-20-02-27.json
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+{
+  "changes": [
+    {
+      "comment": "fix: preserve hidden column order after filter update\n\n",
+      "type": "none",
+      "packageName": "@visactor/vtable"
+    }
+  ],
+  "packageName": "@visactor/vtable",
+  "email": "892739385@qq.com"
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/packages/vtable-plugins/__tests__/filter/filter-plugin.test.ts b/packages/vtable-plugins/__tests__/filter/filter-plugin.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..71cb30bf8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/vtable-plugins/__tests__/filter/filter-plugin.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,163 @@
+// @ts-nocheck
+let subscribeCallback: ((state: any, action?: any) => void) | undefined;
+
+jest.mock('@visactor/vtable', () => ({
+  TABLE_EVENT_TYPE: {
+    BEFORE_INIT: 'before_init',
+    BEFORE_UPDATE_OPTION: 'before_update_option',
+    ICON_CLICK: 'icon_click',
+    SCROLL: 'scroll',
+    CHANGE_CELL_VALUE: 'change_cell_value',
+    UPDATE_RECORD: 'update_record',
+    ADD_RECORD: 'add_record',
+    DELETE_RECORD: 'delete_record',
+    ADD_COLUMN: 'add_column',
+    DELETE_COLUMN: 'delete_column'
+  },
+  TYPES: {
+    IconPosition: {
+      right: 'right'
+    }
+  }
+}));
+
+jest.mock('../../src/filter/filter-engine', () => ({
+  FilterEngine: jest.fn().mockImplementation(() => ({}))
+}));
+
+jest.mock('../../src/filter/filter-state-manager', () => ({
+  FilterStateManager: jest.fn().mockImplementation(() => ({
+    subscribe: (cb: (state: any, action?: any) => void) => {
+      subscribeCallback = cb;
+    },
+    getFilterState: () => undefined,
+    getActiveFilterFields: () => [],
+    reapplyCurrentFilters: jest.fn(),
+    dispatch: jest.fn()
+  }))
+}));
+
+jest.mock('../../src/filter/filter-toolbar', () => ({
+  FilterToolbar: jest.fn().mockImplementation(() => ({
+    render: jest.fn(),
+    updateStyles: jest.fn(),
+    isVisible: false,
+    hide: jest.fn(),
+    show: jest.fn(),
+    adjustMenuPosition: jest.fn(),
+    valueFilter: {
+      syncSingleStateFromTableData: jest.fn()
+    }
+  }))
+}));
+
+const { FilterPlugin } = require('../../src/filter/filter');
+
+describe('FilterPlugin', () => {
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    subscribeCallback = undefined;
+  });
+
+  test('falls back to option columns before list table layout is ready', () => {
+    const optionColumns = [
+      { field: 'a', title: 'A' },
+      { field: 'b', title: 'B' }
+    ];
+    const table = {
+      isListTable: () => true,
+      updateColumns: jest.fn(),
+      get columns() {
+        throw new TypeError("Cannot read properties of undefined (reading 'layoutMap')");
+      }
+    };
+
+    const plugin = new FilterPlugin({});
+    plugin.table = table;
+
+    expect(() =>
+      plugin.initFilterPlugin({
+        options: {
+          columns: optionColumns
+        }
+      })
+    ).not.toThrow();
+
+    expect(table.updateColumns).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+
+  test('uses current table column order when filter state updates', () => {
+    const staleColumns = [
+      { field: 'a', title: 'A' },
+      { field: 'b', title: 'B' },
+      { field: 'c', title: 'C' }
+    ];
+    const currentColumns = [
+      { field: 'a', title: 'A' },
+      { field: 'c', title: 'C' },
+      { field: 'b', title: 'B' }
+    ];
+    const table = {
+      isListTable: () => true,
+      updateColumns: jest.fn(),
+      get columns() {
+        return currentColumns;
+      }
+    };
+
+    const plugin = new FilterPlugin({});
+    plugin.table = table;
+    plugin.initFilterPlugin({
+      options: {
+        columns: staleColumns
+      }
+    });
+
+    subscribeCallback?.({}, { type: 'apply_filters' });
+
+    expect(table.updateColumns).toHaveBeenCalledWith(currentColumns, {
+      clearRowHeightCache: false
+    });
+  });
+
+  test('uses synced options.columns when hidden columns exist', () => {
+    const syncedOptionColumns = [
+      { field: 'id', title: 'ID' },
+      { field: 'name', title: 'Name' },
+      { field: 'gender', title: 'Gender', hide: true },
+      { field: 'department', title: 'Department' },
+      { field: 'city', title: 'City' },
+      { field: 'status', title: 'Status' }
+    ];
+    const table = {
+      isListTable: () => true,
+      options: {
+        columns: syncedOptionColumns
+      },
+      updateColumns: jest.fn(),
+      get columns() {
+        return [
+          { field: 'id', title: 'ID' },
+          { field: 'name', title: 'Name' },
+          { field: 'city', title: 'City' },
+          { field: 'gender', title: 'Gender', hide: true },
+          { field: 'department', title: 'Department' },
+          { field: 'status', title: 'Status' }
+        ];
+      }
+    };
+
+    const plugin = new FilterPlugin({});
+    plugin.table = table;
+    plugin.initFilterPlugin({
+      options: {
+        columns: syncedOptionColumns
+      }
+    });
+
+    subscribeCallback?.({}, { type: 'apply_filters' });
+
+    expect(table.updateColumns).toHaveBeenCalledWith(syncedOptionColumns, {
+      clearRowHeightCache: false
+    });
+  });
+});
diff --git a/packages/vtable-plugins/demo/filter/issue-5137.ts b/packages/vtable-plugins/demo/filter/issue-5137.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..aa5161fc7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/vtable-plugins/demo/filter/issue-5137.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,221 @@
+import * as VTable from '@visactor/vtable';
+import { FilterPlugin } from '../../src/filter';
+
+const CONTAINER_ID = 'vTable';
+
+type RecordItem = {
+  id: number;
+  name: string;
+  gender: '男' | '女';
+  city: string;
+  department: string;
+  status: '在职' | '请假' | '离职';
+};
+
+function createRecords(): RecordItem[] {
+  return [
+    { id: 1, name: '张三', gender: '男', city: '北京', department: '研发', status: '在职' },
+    { id: 2, name: '李四', gender: '女', city: '上海', department: '销售', status: '请假' },
+    { id: 3, name: '王五', gender: '男', city: '深圳', department: '研发', status: '在职' },
+    { id: 4, name: '赵六', gender: '女', city: '杭州', department: '设计', status: '离职' },
+    { id: 5, name: '钱七', gender: '男', city: '广州', department: '运营', status: '在职' },
+    { id: 6, name: '孙八', gender: '女', city: '苏州', department: '销售', status: '请假' }
+  ];
+}
+
+function createColumns(): VTable.ColumnsDefine {
+  return [
+    { field: 'id', title: 'ID', width: 80, sort: true },
+    { field: 'name', title: '姓名', width: 120, sort: true },
+    { field: 'gender', title: '性别', width: 100 },
+    { field: 'city', title: '城市', width: 120 },
+    { field: 'department', title: '部门', width: 120 },
+    { field: 'status', title: '状态', width: 120 }
+  ];
+}
+
+function getOrderText(table: VTable.ListTable) {
+  const visibleFields: string[] = [];
+  for (let col = 0; col < table.colCount; col++) {
+    visibleFields.push(String(table.getHeaderField(col, 0)));
+  }
+  return visibleFields.join(' | ');
+}
+
+function getOptionOrderText(table: VTable.ListTable) {
+  return (table.options.columns ?? []).map(col => `${String(col.field)}${col.hide ? '(hide)' : ''}`).join(' | ');
+}
+
+function getVisibleHeaderColByField(table: VTable.ListTable, field: string) {
+  for (let col = 0; col < table.colCount; col++) {
+    if (table.getHeaderField(col, 0) === field) {
+      return col;
+    }
+  }
+  return -1;
+}
+
+export function createTable() {
+  const container = document.getElementById(CONTAINER_ID);
+  if (!container) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  const panel = document.createElement('div');
+  panel.style.position = 'fixed';
+  panel.style.top = '12px';
+  panel.style.right = '12px';
+  panel.style.zIndex = '9999';
+  panel.style.display = 'flex';
+  panel.style.flexDirection = 'column';
+  panel.style.gap = '8px';
+  panel.style.width = '420px';
+  panel.style.padding = '12px';
+  panel.style.background = 'rgba(17,24,39,0.88)';
+  panel.style.color = '#fff';
+  panel.style.fontSize = '12px';
+  panel.style.borderRadius = '8px';
+
+  const title = document.createElement('div');
+  title.textContent = 'issue-5137 repro: 隐藏列 -> 拖拽排序 -> Filter 确认';
+  title.style.fontWeight = 'bold';
+
+  const desc = document.createElement('div');
+  desc.textContent =
+    '手动复现：1. 点击“隐藏性别列” 2. 直接拖拽“城市”列到“姓名”后面 3. 点击“状态”列的筛选图标并确认。也可用下面的一键脚本。';
+  desc.style.lineHeight = '1.5';
+
+  const buttonRow = document.createElement('div');
+  buttonRow.style.display = 'flex';
+  buttonRow.style.flexWrap = 'wrap';
+  buttonRow.style.gap = '8px';
+
+  const status = document.createElement('pre');
+  status.style.margin = '0';
+  status.style.whiteSpace = 'pre-wrap';
+  status.style.lineHeight = '1.5';
+
+  const records = createRecords();
+  const columns = createColumns();
+  const filterPlugin = new FilterPlugin({
+    defaultEnabled: true
+  });
+
+  const table = new VTable.ListTable({
+    container,
+    records,
+    columns,
+    widthMode: 'standard',
+    dragHeaderMode: 'all',
+    plugins: [filterPlugin]
+  });
+
+  function updateStatus(label: string) {
+    status.textContent = `${label}\n` + `current: ${getOrderText(table)}\n` + `options: ${getOptionOrderText(table)}`;
+  }
+
+  function hideGenderColumn() {
+    const nextColumns = table.columns.map(col => {
+      if (col.field === 'gender') {
+        return {
+          ...col,
+          hide: true
+        };
+      }
+      return { ...col };
+    });
+    table.updateColumns(nextColumns, { clearRowHeightCache: false });
+    updateStatus('已隐藏 `gender` 列');
+  }
+
+  function dragCityAfterDepartment() {
+    const cityIndex = getVisibleHeaderColByField(table, 'city');
+    const departmentIndex = getVisibleHeaderColByField(table, 'department');
+    if (cityIndex < 0 || departmentIndex < 0) {
+      updateStatus('未找到 `city` 或 `department` 列');
+      return;
+    }
+    table.changeHeaderPosition({
+      source: { col: cityIndex, row: 0 },
+      target: { col: departmentIndex, row: 0 },
+      movingColumnOrRow: 'column'
+    });
+    updateStatus('已把 `city` 拖到 `department` 后面');
+  }
+
+  function applyStatusFilter() {
+    filterPlugin.applyFilterSnapshot({
+      filters: [
+        {
+          field: 'status',
+          type: 'byValue',
+          values: ['在职', '请假'],
+          enable: true
+        }
+      ]
+    });
+    updateStatus('已执行一次 Filter 确认（status in 在职/请假）');
+  }
+
+  function runAllSteps() {
+    hideGenderColumn();
+    dragCityAfterDepartment();
+    applyStatusFilter();
+    updateStatus('已完成完整复现链路');
+  }
+
+  function resetTable() {
+    table.updateOption({
+      ...table.options,
+      records: createRecords(),
+      columns: createColumns(),
+      plugins: [filterPlugin]
+    });
+    filterPlugin.applyFilterSnapshot({ filters: [] });
+    updateStatus('已重置为初始状态');
+  }
+
+  function createButton(text: string, onClick: () => void) {
+    const button = document.createElement('button');
+    button.textContent = text;
+    button.style.padding = '6px 10px';
+    button.style.cursor = 'pointer';
+    button.style.borderRadius = '4px';
+    button.style.border = '1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.2)';
+    button.style.background = 'rgba(255,255,255,0.12)';
+    button.style.color = '#fff';
+    button.addEventListener('click', onClick);
+    return button;
+  }
+
+  buttonRow.appendChild(createButton('隐藏性别列', hideGenderColumn));
+  buttonRow.appendChild(createButton('拖拽 city 到 department 后', dragCityAfterDepartment));
+  buttonRow.appendChild(createButton('一键复现', runAllSteps));
+  buttonRow.appendChild(createButton('重置', resetTable));
+
+  panel.appendChild(title);
+  panel.appendChild(desc);
+  panel.appendChild(buttonRow);
+  panel.appendChild(status);
+  document.body.appendChild(panel);
+
+  const demoWindow = window as Window &
+    typeof globalThis & {
+      tableInstance?: VTable.ListTable;
+      filterPlugin?: FilterPlugin;
+      issue5137?: Record<string, unknown>;
+    };
+
+  demoWindow.tableInstance = table;
+  demoWindow.filterPlugin = filterPlugin;
+  demoWindow.issue5137 = {
+    hideGenderColumn,
+    dragCityAfterDepartment,
+    applyStatusFilter,
+    runAllSteps,
+    resetTable,
+    getOrderText: () => getOrderText(table)
+  };
+
+  updateStatus('初始化完成');
+}
diff --git a/packages/vtable-plugins/demo/menu.ts b/packages/vtable-plugins/demo/menu.ts
index a9718ec90..f5e19298c 100644
--- a/packages/vtable-plugins/demo/menu.ts
+++ b/packages/vtable-plugins/demo/menu.ts
@@ -19,6 +19,10 @@ export const menus = [
     path: 'filter',
     name: 'bug'
   },
+  {
+    path: 'filter',
+    name: 'issue-5137'
+  },
   {
     path: 'filter',
     name: 'value-filter'
diff --git a/packages/vtable-plugins/src/filter/filter.ts b/packages/vtable-plugins/src/filter/filter.ts
index 1c9ad2f53..788d4e0a3 100644
--- a/packages/vtable-plugins/src/filter/filter.ts
+++ b/packages/vtable-plugins/src/filter/filter.ts
@@ -78,17 +78,20 @@ export class FilterPlugin implements pluginsDefinition.IVTablePlugin {
     this.filterEngine = new FilterEngine(this.pluginOptions);
     this.filterStateManager = new FilterStateManager(this.table, this.filterEngine);
     this.filterToolbar = new FilterToolbar(this.table, this.filterStateManager, this.pluginOptions);
+    // BEFORE_INIT 阶段 table.columns 可能还不可用，先缓存本次 options.columns 作为 getCurrentColumns 的回退值。
     this.columns = eventArgs.options.columns;
 
     this.filterToolbar.render(document.body);
-    this.updateFilterIcons(this.columns);
+    this.updateFilterIcons(this.getCurrentColumns());
     this.filterStateManager.subscribe((_: FilterState, action?: FilterAction) => {
       // 新增筛选配置时，不需要更新筛选图标以及表格
       if (action?.type === FilterActionType.ADD_FILTER) {
         return;
       }
-      this.updateFilterIcons(this.columns);
-      (this.table as ListTable).updateColumns(this.columns, {
+      const currentColumns = this.getCurrentColumns();
+      this.columns = currentColumns;
+      this.updateFilterIcons(currentColumns);
+      (this.table as ListTable).updateColumns(currentColumns, {
         clearRowHeightCache: false
       });
     });
@@ -176,7 +179,9 @@ export class FilterPlugin implements pluginsDefinition.IVTablePlugin {
     // 更新筛选器UI样式
     this.filterToolbar.updateStyles(this.pluginOptions.styles);
     // 更新icon
-    (this.table as ListTable).updateColumns(this.columns, {
+    const currentColumns = this.getCurrentColumns();
+    this.columns = currentColumns;
+    (this.table as ListTable).updateColumns(currentColumns, {
       clearRowHeightCache: false
     });
   }
@@ -226,6 +231,21 @@ export class FilterPlugin implements pluginsDefinition.IVTablePlugin {
     this.updateFilterIcons(options.columns);
   }
 
+  private getCurrentColumns(): ColumnsDefine {
+    if (this.table?.isListTable?.()) {
+      const optionColumns = (this.table as ListTable).options?.columns;
+      if (optionColumns?.length) {
+        return optionColumns;
+      }
+      try {
+        return (this.table as ListTable).columns;
+      } catch (error) {
+        // BEFORE_INIT 阶段 ListTable 的 layoutMap 可能尚未建立，回退到最近一次缓存的 columns。
+      }
+    }
+    return this.columns ?? [];
+  }
+
   /**
    * 重新应用所有激活的筛选状态
    * 在 updateOption 后调用，因为 updateOption 会全量更新表格
diff --git a/packages/vtable/__tests__/columns/listTable-dragHeader.test.ts b/packages/vtable/__tests__/columns/listTable-dragHeader.test.ts
index b366f9045..5d3bed929 100644
--- a/packages/vtable/__tests__/columns/listTable-dragHeader.test.ts
+++ b/packages/vtable/__tests__/columns/listTable-dragHeader.test.ts
@@ -125,6 +125,84 @@ describe('listTable-cellType-function init test', () => {
     ]);
     listTable2.release();
   });
+  test('listTable changeHeaderPosition keeps options.columns in sync for follow-up updates', () => {
+    const containerDom2: HTMLElement = createDiv();
+    containerDom2.style.position = 'relative';
+    containerDom2.style.width = '1000px';
+    containerDom2.style.height = '800px';
+    const records2 = [
+      { a: 1, b: 2, c: 3 },
+      { a: 4, b: 5, c: 6 }
+    ];
+    const columns2 = [
+      { field: 'a', title: 'A' },
+      { field: 'b', title: 'B' },
+      { field: 'c', title: 'C' }
+    ];
+    const listTable2 = new ListTable(containerDom2, { records: records2, columns: columns2, dragHeaderMode: 'all' });
+    listTable2.changeHeaderPosition({
+      source: { col: 1, row: 0 },
+      target: { col: 2, row: 0 },
+      movingColumnOrRow: 'column'
+    });
+    expect(listTable2.options.columns).toEqual([
+      { field: 'a', title: 'A' },
+      { field: 'c', title: 'C' },
+      { field: 'b', title: 'B' }
+    ]);
+    listTable2.updateOption({
+      ...listTable2.options,
+      widthMode: 'standard'
+    });
+    expect(listTable2.columns).toEqual([
+      { field: 'a', title: 'A' },
+      { field: 'c', title: 'C' },
+      { field: 'b', title: 'B' }
+    ]);
+    listTable2.release();
+  });
+  test('listTable changeHeaderPosition keeps hidden-column order in sync for follow-up updates', () => {
+    const containerDom2: HTMLElement = createDiv();
+    containerDom2.style.position = 'relative';
+    containerDom2.style.width = '1000px';
+    containerDom2.style.height = '800px';
+    const records2 = [
+      { id: 1, name: 'A', gender: 'M', city: 'BJ', department: 'RD', status: 'on' },
+      { id: 2, name: 'B', gender: 'F', city: 'SH', department: 'Sales', status: 'off' }
+    ];
+    const columns2 = [
+      { field: 'id', title: 'ID' },
+      { field: 'name', title: 'Name' },
+      { field: 'gender', title: 'Gender', hide: true },
+      { field: 'city', title: 'City' },
+      { field: 'department', title: 'Department' },
+      { field: 'status', title: 'Status' }
+    ];
+    const listTable2 = new ListTable(containerDom2, { records: records2, columns: columns2, dragHeaderMode: 'all' });
+    listTable2.changeHeaderPosition({
+      source: { col: 2, row: 0 },
+      target: { col: 3, row: 0 },
+      movingColumnOrRow: 'column'
+    });
+    expect(listTable2.options.columns).toEqual([
+      { field: 'id', title: 'ID' },
+      { field: 'name', title: 'Name' },
+      { field: 'gender', title: 'Gender', hide: true },
+      { field: 'department', title: 'Department' },
+      { field: 'city', title: 'City' },
+      { field: 'status', title: 'Status' }
+    ]);
+    listTable2.updateOption({
+      ...listTable2.options,
+      widthMode: 'standard'
+    });
+    expect(listTable2.getHeaderField(0, 0)).toBe('id');
+    expect(listTable2.getHeaderField(1, 0)).toBe('name');
+    expect(listTable2.getHeaderField(2, 0)).toBe('department');
+    expect(listTable2.getHeaderField(3, 0)).toBe('city');
+    expect(listTable2.getHeaderField(4, 0)).toBe('status');
+    listTable2.release();
+  });
   test('listTable dragHeader interaction', () => {
     option.transpose = true;
     listTable.updateOption(option);
diff --git a/packages/vtable/src/ListTable.ts b/packages/vtable/src/ListTable.ts
index 1a79253a3..47e7c0d69 100644
--- a/packages/vtable/src/ListTable.ts
+++ b/packages/vtable/src/ListTable.ts
@@ -1056,10 +1056,28 @@ export class ListTable extends BaseTable implements ListTableAPI {
         }
         adjustHeightResizedRowMap(moveContext, this);
       }
+      this.syncColumnsStateFromLayoutMap();
       return moveContext;
     }
     return null;
   }
+  private syncColumnsStateFromLayoutMap() {
+    const visibleColumns = this.internalProps.layoutMap.columnObjects.map(column => column.define);
+    let visibleIndex = 0;
+    const nextColumns = this.internalProps.columns.map(column => {
+      if (column.hide === true) {
+        return column;
+      }
+      const nextVisibleColumn = visibleColumns[visibleIndex];
+      visibleIndex += 1;
+      return nextVisibleColumn ?? column;
+    });
+    this.internalProps.columns = cloneDeepSpec(nextColumns, ['children']);
+    this.options.columns = nextColumns;
+    if (this.options.header) {
+      this.options.header = nextColumns;
+    }
+  }
   changeRecordOrder(sourceIndex: number, targetIndex: number) {
     if (this.transpose) {
       sourceIndex = this.getRecordShowIndexByCell(sourceIndex, 0);