nob.h

/* nob - v1.23.0 - Public Domain - https://github.com/tsoding/nob.h

   This library is the next generation of the [NoBuild](https://github.com/tsoding/nobuild) idea.

   # Quick Example

      ```c
      // nob.c
      #define NOB_IMPLEMENTATION
      #include "nob.h"

      int main(int argc, char **argv)
      {
          NOB_GO_REBUILD_URSELF(argc, argv);
          Nob_Cmd cmd = {0};
          nob_cmd_append(&cmd, "cc", "-Wall", "-Wextra", "-o", "main", "main.c");
          if (!nob_cmd_run(&cmd)) return 1;
          return 0;
      }
      ```

      ```console
      $ cc -o nob nob.c
      $ ./nob
      ```

      The `nob` automatically rebuilds itself if `nob.c` is modified thanks to
      the `NOB_GO_REBUILD_URSELF` macro (don't forget to check out how it works below)

   # Stripping off `nob_` Prefixes

      Since Pure C does not have any namespaces we prefix each name of the API with the `nob_` to avoid any
      potential conflicts with any other names in your code. But sometimes it is very annoying and makes
      the code noisy. If you know that none of the names from nob.h conflict with anything in your code
      you can enable NOB_STRIP_PREFIX macro and just drop all the prefixes:

      ```c
      // nob.c
      #define NOB_IMPLEMENTATION
      #define NOB_STRIP_PREFIX
      #include "nob.h"

      int main(int argc, char **argv)
      {
          NOB_GO_REBUILD_URSELF(argc, argv);
          Cmd cmd = {0};
          cmd_append(&cmd, "cc", "-Wall", "-Wextra", "-o", "main", "main.c");
          if (!cmd_run(&cmd)) return 1;
          return 0;
      }
      ```

      Not all the names have strippable prefixes. All the redefinable names like `NOB_GO_REBUILD_URSELF`
      for instance will retain their prefix even if NOB_STRIP_PREFIX is enabled. Notable exception is the
      nob_log() function. Stripping away the prefix results in log() which was historically always referring
      to the natural logarithmic function that is already defined in math.h. So there is no reason to strip
      off the prefix for nob_log(). Another exception is nob_rename() which collides with the widely known
      POSIX function rename(2) if you strip the prefix off.

      The prefixes are stripped off only on the level of preprocessor. The names of the functions in the
      compiled object file will still retain the `nob_` prefix. Keep that in mind when you FFI with nob.h
      from other languages (for whatever reason).

      If only few specific names create conflicts for you, you can just #undef those names after the
      `#include <nob.h>` since they are macros anyway.

   # Macro Interface

      All these macros are `#define`d by the user before including nob.h

   ## Flags

      Enable or disable certain aspects of nob.h

      - NOB_IMPLEMENTATION - Enable definitions of the functions. By default only declarations are included.
        See https://github.com/nothings/stb/blob/f58f558c120e9b32c217290b80bad1a0729fbb2c/docs/stb_howto.txt
        for more info.
      - NOB_WARN_DEPRECATED - Warn about the usage of deprecated function. We rarely actually remove deprecated functions,
        but if you want to know what is discourage you may want to enable this flag.
      - NOB_EXPERIMENTAL_DELETE_OLD - Experimental feature that automatically removes `nob.old` files. It's unclear how well
        it works on Windows, so it's experimental for now.
      - NOB_STRIP_PREFIX - string the `nob_` prefixes from non-redefinable names.

   ## Redefinable Macros

      Redefine default behaviors of nob.h.

      - NOBDEF - Appends additional things to function declarations. You can do something like `#define NOBDEF static inline`.
      - NOB_ASSERT(condition) - Redefine which assert() nob.h shall use.
      - NOB_REALLOC(oldptr, size) - Redefine which realloc() nob.h shall use.
      - NOB_FREE(ptr) - Redefine which free() nob.h shall use.
      - NOB_DEPRECATED(message) - Redefine how nob.h shall mark functions as deprecated.
      - NOB_DA_INIT_CAP - Redefine initial capacity of Dynamic Arrays.
      - NOB_TEMP_CAPACITY - Redefine the capacity of the temporary storate.
      - NOB_REBUILD_URSELF(binary_path, source_path) - redefine how nob.h shall rebuild itself.
      - NOB_WIN32_ERR_MSG_SIZE - Redefine the capacity of the buffer for error message on Windows.
*/

#ifndef NOB_H_
#define NOB_H_
#ifdef _WIN32
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS (1)
#endif

#ifndef NOBDEF
/*
   Goes before declarations and definitions of the nob functions. Useful to `#define NOBDEF static inline`
   if your source code is a single file and you want the compiler to remove unused functions.
*/
#define NOBDEF
#endif /* NOBDEF */

#ifndef NOB_ASSERT
#include <assert.h>
#define NOB_ASSERT assert
#endif /* NOB_ASSERT */

#ifndef NOB_REALLOC
#include <stdlib.h>
#define NOB_REALLOC realloc
#endif /* NOB_REALLOC */

#ifndef NOB_FREE
#include <stdlib.h>
#define NOB_FREE free
#endif /* NOB_FREE */

#ifdef NOB_WARN_DEPRECATED
#    ifndef NOB_DEPRECATED
#        if defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__clang__)
#            define NOB_DEPRECATED(message) __attribute__((deprecated(message)))
#        elif defined(_MSC_VER)
#            define NOB_DEPRECATED(message) __declspec(deprecated(message))
#        else
#            define NOB_DEPRECATED(...)
#        endif
#    endif /* NOB_DEPRECATED */
#else
#    define NOB_DEPRECATED(...)
#endif /* NOB_WARN_DEPRECATED */

#include <stdbool.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <limits.h>
#include <time.h>

#ifdef _WIN32
#    define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
#    define _WINUSER_
#    define _WINGDI_
#    define _IMM_
#    define _WINCON_
#    include <windows.h>
#    include <direct.h>
#    include <shellapi.h>
#else
#    include <sys/types.h>
#    include <sys/wait.h>
#    include <sys/stat.h>
#    include <unistd.h>
#    include <fcntl.h>
#endif

#ifdef _WIN32
#    define NOB_LINE_END "\r\n"
#else
#    define NOB_LINE_END "\n"
#endif

#if defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__clang__)
//   https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc-4.7.2/gcc/Function-Attributes.html
#    ifdef __MINGW_PRINTF_FORMAT
#        define NOB_PRINTF_FORMAT(STRING_INDEX, FIRST_TO_CHECK) __attribute__ ((format (__MINGW_PRINTF_FORMAT, STRING_INDEX, FIRST_TO_CHECK)))
#    else
#        define NOB_PRINTF_FORMAT(STRING_INDEX, FIRST_TO_CHECK) __attribute__ ((format (printf, STRING_INDEX, FIRST_TO_CHECK)))
#    endif // __MINGW_PRINTF_FORMAT
#else
//   TODO: implement NOB_PRINTF_FORMAT for MSVC
#    define NOB_PRINTF_FORMAT(STRING_INDEX, FIRST_TO_CHECK)
#endif

#define NOB_UNUSED(value) (void)(value)
#define NOB_TODO(message) do { fprintf(stderr, "%s:%d: TODO: %s\n", __FILE__, __LINE__, message); abort(); } while(0)
#define NOB_UNREACHABLE(message) do { fprintf(stderr, "%s:%d: UNREACHABLE: %s\n", __FILE__, __LINE__, message); abort(); } while(0)

#define NOB_ARRAY_LEN(array) (sizeof(array)/sizeof(array[0]))
#define NOB_ARRAY_GET(array, index) \
    (NOB_ASSERT((size_t)index < NOB_ARRAY_LEN(array)), array[(size_t)index])

typedef enum {
    NOB_INFO,
    NOB_WARNING,
    NOB_ERROR,
    NOB_NO_LOGS,
} Nob_Log_Level;

// Any messages with the level below nob_minimal_log_level are going to be suppressed.
extern Nob_Log_Level nob_minimal_log_level;

NOBDEF void nob_log(Nob_Log_Level level, const char *fmt, ...) NOB_PRINTF_FORMAT(2, 3);

// It is an equivalent of shift command from bash (do `help shift` in bash). It basically
// pops an element from the beginning of a sized array.
#define nob_shift(xs, xs_sz) (NOB_ASSERT((xs_sz) > 0), (xs_sz)--, *(xs)++)
// NOTE: nob_shift_args() is an alias for an old variant of nob_shift that only worked with
// the command line arguments passed to the main() function. nob_shift() is more generic.
// So nob_shift_args() is semi-deprecated, but I don't see much reason to urgently
// remove it. This alias does not hurt anybody.
#define nob_shift_args(argc, argv) nob_shift(*argv, *argc)

typedef struct {
    const char **items;
    size_t count;
    size_t capacity;
} Nob_File_Paths;

typedef enum {
    NOB_FILE_REGULAR = 0,
    NOB_FILE_DIRECTORY,
    NOB_FILE_SYMLINK,
    NOB_FILE_OTHER,
} Nob_File_Type;

NOBDEF bool nob_mkdir_if_not_exists(const char *path);
NOBDEF bool nob_copy_file(const char *src_path, const char *dst_path);
NOBDEF bool nob_copy_directory_recursively(const char *src_path, const char *dst_path);
NOBDEF bool nob_read_entire_dir(const char *parent, Nob_File_Paths *children);
NOBDEF bool nob_write_entire_file(const char *path, const void *data, size_t size);
NOBDEF Nob_File_Type nob_get_file_type(const char *path);
NOBDEF bool nob_delete_file(const char *path);

#define nob_return_defer(value) do { result = (value); goto defer; } while(0)

// Initial capacity of a dynamic array
#ifndef NOB_DA_INIT_CAP
#define NOB_DA_INIT_CAP 256
#endif

#ifdef __cplusplus
#define NOB_DECLTYPE_CAST(T) (decltype(T))
#else
#define NOB_DECLTYPE_CAST(T)
#endif // __cplusplus

#define nob_da_reserve(da, expected_capacity)                                              \
    do {                                                                                   \
        if ((expected_capacity) > (da)->capacity) {                                        \
            if ((da)->capacity == 0) {                                                     \
                (da)->capacity = NOB_DA_INIT_CAP;                                          \
            }                                                                              \
            while ((expected_capacity) > (da)->capacity) {                                 \
                (da)->capacity *= 2;                                                       \
            }                                                                              \
            (da)->items = NOB_DECLTYPE_CAST((da)->items)NOB_REALLOC((da)->items, (da)->capacity * sizeof(*(da)->items)); \
            NOB_ASSERT((da)->items != NULL && "Buy more RAM lol");                         \
        }                                                                                  \
    } while (0)

// Append an item to a dynamic array
#define nob_da_append(da, item)                \
    do {                                       \
        nob_da_reserve((da), (da)->count + 1); \
        (da)->items[(da)->count++] = (item);   \
    } while (0)

#define nob_da_free(da) NOB_FREE((da).items)

// Append several items to a dynamic array
#define nob_da_append_many(da, new_items, new_items_count)                                      \
    do {                                                                                        \
        nob_da_reserve((da), (da)->count + (new_items_count));                                  \
        memcpy((da)->items + (da)->count, (new_items), (new_items_count)*sizeof(*(da)->items)); \
        (da)->count += (new_items_count);                                                       \
    } while (0)

#define nob_da_resize(da, new_size)     \
    do {                                \
        nob_da_reserve((da), new_size); \
        (da)->count = (new_size);       \
    } while (0)

#define nob_da_last(da) (da)->items[(NOB_ASSERT((da)->count > 0), (da)->count-1)]
#define nob_da_remove_unordered(da, i)               \
    do {                                             \
        size_t j = (i);                              \
        NOB_ASSERT(j < (da)->count);                 \
        (da)->items[j] = (da)->items[--(da)->count]; \
    } while(0)

// Foreach over Dynamic Arrays. Example:
// ```c
// typedef struct {
//     int *items;
//     size_t count;
//     size_t capacity;
// } Numbers;
//
// Numbers xs = {0};
//
// nob_da_append(&xs, 69);
// nob_da_append(&xs, 420);
// nob_da_append(&xs, 1337);
//
// nob_da_foreach(int, x, &xs) {
//     // `x` here is a pointer to the current element. You can get its index by taking a difference
//     // between `x` and the start of the array which is `x.items`.
//     size_t index = x - xs.items;
//     nob_log(INFO, "%zu: %d", index, *x);
// }
// ```
#define nob_da_foreach(Type, it, da) for (Type *it = (da)->items; it < (da)->items + (da)->count; ++it)

typedef struct {
    char *items;
    size_t count;
    size_t capacity;
} Nob_String_Builder;

NOBDEF bool nob_read_entire_file(const char *path, Nob_String_Builder *sb);
NOBDEF int nob_sb_appendf(Nob_String_Builder *sb, const char *fmt, ...) NOB_PRINTF_FORMAT(2, 3);

// Append a sized buffer to a string builder
#define nob_sb_append_buf(sb, buf, size) nob_da_append_many(sb, buf, size)

// Append a NULL-terminated string to a string builder
#define nob_sb_append_cstr(sb, cstr)  \
    do {                              \
        const char *s = (cstr);       \
        size_t n = strlen(s);         \
        nob_da_append_many(sb, s, n); \
    } while (0)

// Append a single NULL character at the end of a string builder. So then you can
// use it a NULL-terminated C string
#define nob_sb_append_null(sb) nob_da_append_many(sb, "", 1)

// Free the memory allocated by a string builder
#define nob_sb_free(sb) NOB_FREE((sb).items)

// Process handle
#ifdef _WIN32
typedef HANDLE Nob_Proc;
#define NOB_INVALID_PROC INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE
typedef HANDLE Nob_Fd;
#define NOB_INVALID_FD INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE
#else
typedef int Nob_Proc;
#define NOB_INVALID_PROC (-1)
typedef int Nob_Fd;
#define NOB_INVALID_FD (-1)
#endif // _WIN32

NOBDEF Nob_Fd nob_fd_open_for_read(const char *path);
NOBDEF Nob_Fd nob_fd_open_for_write(const char *path);
NOBDEF void nob_fd_close(Nob_Fd fd);

typedef struct {
    Nob_Proc *items;
    size_t count;
    size_t capacity;
} Nob_Procs;

// Wait until the process has finished
NOBDEF bool nob_proc_wait(Nob_Proc proc);

// Wait until all the processes have finished
NOBDEF bool nob_procs_wait(Nob_Procs procs);

// Wait until all the processes have finished and empty the procs array.
NOBDEF bool nob_procs_flush(Nob_Procs *procs);

// Alias to nob_procs_flush
NOB_DEPRECATED("Use `nob_procs_flush(&procs)` instead.")
NOBDEF bool nob_procs_wait_and_reset(Nob_Procs *procs);

// Append a new process to procs array and if procs.count reaches max_procs_count call nob_procs_wait_and_reset() on it
NOB_DEPRECATED("Use `nob_cmd_run(&cmd, .async = &procs, .max_procs = <integer>)` instead")
NOBDEF bool nob_procs_append_with_flush(Nob_Procs *procs, Nob_Proc proc, size_t max_procs_count);

// A command - the main workhorse of Nob. Nob is all about building commands and running them
typedef struct {
    const char **items;
    size_t count;
    size_t capacity;
} Nob_Cmd;

// Options for nob_cmd_run_opt() function.
typedef struct {
    // Run the command asynchronously appending its Nob_Proc to the provided Nob_Procs array
    Nob_Procs *async;
    // Maximum processes allowed in the .async list. Zero implies nob_nprocs().
    size_t max_procs;
    // Redirect stdin to file
    const char *stdin_path;
    // Redirect stdout to file
    const char *stdout_path;
    // Redirect stderr to file
    const char *stderr_path;
} Nob_Cmd_Opt;

// Run the command with options.
NOBDEF bool nob_cmd_run_opt(Nob_Cmd *cmd, Nob_Cmd_Opt opt);

// Get amount of processors on the machine.
NOBDEF int nob_nprocs(void);

#define NOB_NANOS_PER_SEC (1000*1000*1000)

// The maximum time span representable is 584 years.
NOBDEF uint64_t nob_nanos_since_unspecified_epoch(void);

// Same as nob_cmd_run_opt but using cool variadic macro to set the default options.
// See https://x.com/vkrajacic/status/1749816169736073295 for more info on how to use such macros.
#define nob_cmd_run(cmd, ...) nob_cmd_run_opt((cmd), (Nob_Cmd_Opt){__VA_ARGS__})

// DEPRECATED:
//
// You were suppose to use this structure like this:
//
// ```c
// Nob_Fd fdin = nob_fd_open_for_read("input.txt");
// if (fdin == NOB_INVALID_FD) fail();
// Nob_Fd fdout = nob_fd_open_for_write("output.txt");
// if (fdout == NOB_INVALID_FD) fail();
// Nob_Cmd cmd = {0};
// nob_cmd_append(&cmd, "cat");
// if (!nob_cmd_run_sync_redirect_and_reset(&cmd, (Nob_Cmd_Redirect) {
//     .fdin = &fdin,
//     .fdout = &fdout
// })) fail();
// ```
//
// But these days you should do:
//
// ```c
// Nob_Cmd cmd = {0};
// nob_cmd_append(&cmd, "cat");
// if (!nob_cmd_run(&cmd, .stdin_path = "input.txt", .stdout_path = "output.txt")) fail();
// ```
typedef struct {
    Nob_Fd *fdin;
    Nob_Fd *fdout;
    Nob_Fd *fderr;
} Nob_Cmd_Redirect;

// Render a string representation of a command into a string builder. Keep in mind the the
// string builder is not NULL-terminated by default. Use nob_sb_append_null if you plan to
// use it as a C string.
NOBDEF void nob_cmd_render(Nob_Cmd cmd, Nob_String_Builder *render);

#define nob_cmd_append(cmd, ...) \
    nob_da_append_many(cmd, \
                       ((const char*[]){__VA_ARGS__}), \
                       (sizeof((const char*[]){__VA_ARGS__})/sizeof(const char*)))

// TODO: nob_cmd_extend() evaluates other_cmd twice
#define nob_cmd_extend(cmd, other_cmd) \
    nob_da_append_many(cmd, (other_cmd)->items, (other_cmd)->count)

// Free all the memory allocated by command arguments
#define nob_cmd_free(cmd) NOB_FREE(cmd.items)

// Run command asynchronously
NOB_DEPRECATED("Use `nob_cmd_run(&cmd, .async = &procs)` instead, but keep in mind that it always resets the cmd array.")
NOBDEF Nob_Proc nob_cmd_run_async(Nob_Cmd cmd);

// nob_cmd_run_async_and_reset() is just like nob_cmd_run_async() except it also resets cmd.count to 0
// so the Nob_Cmd instance can be seamlessly used several times in a row
NOB_DEPRECATED("Use `nob_cmd_run(&cmd, .async = &procs)` intead.")
NOBDEF Nob_Proc nob_cmd_run_async_and_reset(Nob_Cmd *cmd);

// Run redirected command asynchronously
NOB_DEPRECATED("Use `nob_cmd_run(&cmd, "
               ".async = &procs, "
               ".stdin_path = \"path/to/stdin\", "
               ".stdout_path = \"path/to/stdout\", "
               ".stderr_path = \"path/to/stderr\")` instead, "
               "but keep in mind that it always resets the cmd array.")
NOBDEF Nob_Proc nob_cmd_run_async_redirect(Nob_Cmd cmd, Nob_Cmd_Redirect redirect);

// Run redirected command asynchronously and set cmd.count to 0 and close all the opened files
NOB_DEPRECATED("Use `nob_cmd_run(&cmd, "
               ".async = &procs, "
               ".stdin_path = \"path/to/stdin\", "
               ".stdout_path = \"path/to/stdout\", "
               ".stderr_path = \"path/to/stderr\")` instead.")
NOBDEF Nob_Proc nob_cmd_run_async_redirect_and_reset(Nob_Cmd *cmd, Nob_Cmd_Redirect redirect);

// Run command synchronously
NOB_DEPRECATED("Use `nob_cmd_run(&cmd)` instead, "
               "but keep in mind that it always resets the cmd array.")
NOBDEF bool nob_cmd_run_sync(Nob_Cmd cmd);

// NOTE: nob_cmd_run_sync_and_reset() is just like nob_cmd_run_sync() except it also resets cmd.count to 0
// so the Nob_Cmd instance can be seamlessly used several times in a row
NOB_DEPRECATED("Use `nob_cmd_run(&cmd)` instead.")
NOBDEF bool nob_cmd_run_sync_and_reset(Nob_Cmd *cmd);

// Run redirected command synchronously
NOB_DEPRECATED("Use `nob_cmd_run(&cmd, "
               ".stdin_path  = \"path/to/stdin\", "
               ".stdout_path = \"path/to/stdout\", "
               ".stderr_path = \"path/to/stderr\")` instead, "
               "but keep in mind that it always resets the cmd array.")
NOBDEF bool nob_cmd_run_sync_redirect(Nob_Cmd cmd, Nob_Cmd_Redirect redirect);

// Run redirected command synchronously and set cmd.count to 0 and close all the opened files
NOB_DEPRECATED("Use `nob_cmd_run(&cmd, "
               ".stdin_path = \"path/to/stdin\", "
               ".stdout_path = \"path/to/stdout\", "
               ".stderr_path = \"path/to/stderr\")` instead.")
NOBDEF bool nob_cmd_run_sync_redirect_and_reset(Nob_Cmd *cmd, Nob_Cmd_Redirect redirect);

#ifndef NOB_TEMP_CAPACITY
#define NOB_TEMP_CAPACITY (8*1024*1024)
#endif // NOB_TEMP_CAPACITY
NOBDEF char *nob_temp_strdup(const char *cstr);
NOBDEF void *nob_temp_alloc(size_t size);
NOBDEF char *nob_temp_sprintf(const char *format, ...) NOB_PRINTF_FORMAT(1, 2);
// nob_temp_reset() - Resets the entire temporary storage to 0.
//
// It is generally not recommended to call this function ever. What you usually want to do is let's say you have a loop,
// that allocates some temporary objects and cleans them up at the end of each iteration. You should use
// nob_temp_save() and nob_temp_rewind() to organize such loop like this:
//
// ```c
// char *message = nob_temp_sprintf("This message is still valid after the loop below");
// while (!quit) {
//     size_t mark = nob_temp_save();
//     nob_temp_alloc(69);
//     nob_temp_alloc(420);
//     nob_temp_alloc(1337);
//     nob_temp_rewind(mark);
// }
// printf("%s\n", message);
// ```
//
// That way all the temporary allocations created before the loop are still valid even after the loop.
// Such save/rewind blocks define lifetime boundaries of the temporary objects which also could be nested.
// This turns the temporary storage into kind of a second stack with a more manual management.
NOBDEF void nob_temp_reset(void);
NOBDEF size_t nob_temp_save(void);
NOBDEF void nob_temp_rewind(size_t checkpoint);

// Given any path returns the last part of that path.
// "/path/to/a/file.c" -> "file.c"; "/path/to/a/directory" -> "directory"
NOBDEF const char *nob_path_name(const char *path);
NOBDEF bool nob_rename(const char *old_path, const char *new_path);
NOBDEF int nob_needs_rebuild(const char *output_path, const char **input_paths, size_t input_paths_count);
NOBDEF int nob_needs_rebuild1(const char *output_path, const char *input_path);
NOBDEF int nob_file_exists(const char *file_path);
NOBDEF const char *nob_get_current_dir_temp(void);
NOBDEF bool nob_set_current_dir(const char *path);

// TODO: we should probably document somewhere all the compiler we support

// The nob_cc_* macros try to abstract away the specific compiler.
// They are verify basic and not particularly flexible, but you can redefine them if you need to
// or not use them at all and create your own abstraction on top of Nob_Cmd.

#ifndef nob_cc
#  if _WIN32
#    if defined(__GNUC__)
#       define nob_cc(cmd) nob_cmd_append(cmd, "cc")
#    elif defined(__clang__)
#       define nob_cc(cmd) nob_cmd_append(cmd, "clang")
#    elif defined(_MSC_VER)
#       define nob_cc(cmd) nob_cmd_append(cmd, "cl.exe")
#    endif
#  else
#    define nob_cc(cmd) nob_cmd_append(cmd, "cc")
#  endif
#endif // nob_cc

#ifndef nob_cc_flags
#  if defined(_MSC_VER) && !defined(__clang__)
#    define nob_cc_flags(cmd) nob_cmd_append(cmd, "/W4", "/nologo", "/D_CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS")
#  else
#    define nob_cc_flags(cmd) nob_cmd_append(cmd, "-Wall", "-Wextra")
#  endif
#endif // nob_cc_output

#ifndef nob_cc_output
#  if defined(_MSC_VER) && !defined(__clang__)
#    define nob_cc_output(cmd, output_path) nob_cmd_append(cmd, nob_temp_sprintf("/Fe:%s", (output_path)))
#  else
#    define nob_cc_output(cmd, output_path) nob_cmd_append(cmd, "-o", (output_path))
#  endif
#endif // nob_cc_output

#ifndef nob_cc_inputs
#  define nob_cc_inputs(cmd, ...) nob_cmd_append(cmd, __VA_ARGS__)
#endif // nob_cc_inputs

// TODO: add MinGW support for Go Rebuild Urself™ Technology and all the nob_cc_* macros above
//   Musializer contributors came up with a pretty interesting idea of an optional prefix macro which could be useful for
//   MinGW support:
//   https://github.com/tsoding/musializer/blob/b7578cc76b9ecb573d239acc9ccf5a04d3aba2c9/src_build/nob_win64_mingw.c#L3-L9
// TODO: Maybe instead NOB_REBUILD_URSELF macro, the Go Rebuild Urself™ Technology should use the
//   user defined nob_cc_* macros instead?
#ifndef NOB_REBUILD_URSELF
#  if defined(_WIN32)
#    if defined(__GNUC__)
#       define NOB_REBUILD_URSELF(binary_path, source_path) "gcc", "-o", binary_path, source_path
#    elif defined(__clang__)
#       define NOB_REBUILD_URSELF(binary_path, source_path) "clang", "-o", binary_path, source_path
#    elif defined(_MSC_VER)
#       define NOB_REBUILD_URSELF(binary_path, source_path) "cl.exe", nob_temp_sprintf("/Fe:%s", (binary_path)), source_path
#    endif
#  else
#    define NOB_REBUILD_URSELF(binary_path, source_path) "cc", "-o", binary_path, source_path
#  endif
#endif

// Go Rebuild Urself™ Technology
//
//   How to use it:
//     int main(int argc, char** argv) {
//         NOB_GO_REBUILD_URSELF(argc, argv);
//         // actual work
//         return 0;
//     }
//
//   After you added this macro every time you run ./nob it will detect
//   that you modified its original source code and will try to rebuild itself
//   before doing any actual work. So you only need to bootstrap your build system
//   once.
//
//   The modification is detected by comparing the last modified times of the executable
//   and its source code. The same way the make utility usually does it.
//
//   The rebuilding is done by using the NOB_REBUILD_URSELF macro which you can redefine
//   if you need a special way of bootstraping your build system. (which I personally
//   do not recommend since the whole idea of NoBuild is to keep the process of bootstrapping
//   as simple as possible and doing all of the actual work inside of ./nob)
//
NOBDEF void nob__go_rebuild_urself(int argc, char **argv, const char *source_path, ...);
#define NOB_GO_REBUILD_URSELF(argc, argv) nob__go_rebuild_urself(argc, argv, __FILE__, NULL)
// Sometimes your nob.c includes additional files, so you want the Go Rebuild Urself™ Technology to check
// if they also were modified and rebuild nob.c accordingly. For that we have NOB_GO_REBUILD_URSELF_PLUS():
// ```c
// #define NOB_IMPLEMENTATION
// #include "nob.h"
//
// #include "foo.c"
// #include "bar.c"
//
// int main(int argc, char **argv)
// {
//     NOB_GO_REBUILD_URSELF_PLUS(argc, argv, "foo.c", "bar.c");
//     // ...
//     return 0;
// }
#define NOB_GO_REBUILD_URSELF_PLUS(argc, argv, ...) nob__go_rebuild_urself(argc, argv, __FILE__, __VA_ARGS__, NULL);

typedef struct {
    size_t count;
    const char *data;
} Nob_String_View;

NOBDEF const char *nob_temp_sv_to_cstr(Nob_String_View sv);

NOBDEF Nob_String_View nob_sv_chop_by_delim(Nob_String_View *sv, char delim);
NOBDEF Nob_String_View nob_sv_chop_left(Nob_String_View *sv, size_t n);
NOBDEF Nob_String_View nob_sv_trim(Nob_String_View sv);
NOBDEF Nob_String_View nob_sv_trim_left(Nob_String_View sv);
NOBDEF Nob_String_View nob_sv_trim_right(Nob_String_View sv);
NOBDEF bool nob_sv_eq(Nob_String_View a, Nob_String_View b);
NOBDEF bool nob_sv_end_with(Nob_String_View sv, const char *cstr);
NOBDEF bool nob_sv_starts_with(Nob_String_View sv, Nob_String_View expected_prefix);
NOBDEF Nob_String_View nob_sv_from_cstr(const char *cstr);
NOBDEF Nob_String_View nob_sv_from_parts(const char *data, size_t count);
// nob_sb_to_sv() enables you to just view Nob_String_Builder as Nob_String_View
#define nob_sb_to_sv(sb) nob_sv_from_parts((sb).items, (sb).count)

// printf macros for String_View
#ifndef SV_Fmt
#define SV_Fmt "%.*s"
#endif // SV_Fmt
#ifndef SV_Arg
#define SV_Arg(sv) (int) (sv).count, (sv).data
#endif // SV_Arg
// USAGE:
//   String_View name = ...;
//   printf("Name: "SV_Fmt"\n", SV_Arg(name));

// DEPRECATED: Usage of the bundled minirent.h below is deprecated, because it introduces more
// problems than it solves. It will be removed in the next major release of nob.h. In the meantime,
// it is recommended to `#define NOB_NO_MINIRENT` if it causes problems for you.
// TODO: Use NOB_DEPRECATED for minirent.h declarations

// minirent.h HEADER BEGIN ////////////////////////////////////////
// Copyright 2021 Alexey Kutepov <reximkut@gmail.com>
//
// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
// a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
// "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
// without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
// distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
// permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
// the following conditions:
//
// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
// included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
//
// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
// EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
// MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
// NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE
// LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION
// OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
// WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
//
// ============================================================
//
// minirent — 0.0.1 — A subset of dirent interface for Windows.
//
// https://github.com/tsoding/minirent
//
// ============================================================
//
// ChangeLog (https://semver.org/ is implied)
//
//    0.0.2 Automatically include dirent.h on non-Windows
//          platforms
//    0.0.1 First Official Release

#if !defined(_WIN32) || defined(NOB_NO_MINIRENT)
#include <dirent.h>
#else // _WIN32

#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
#include "windows.h"

struct dirent
{
    char d_name[MAX_PATH+1];
};

typedef struct DIR DIR;

static DIR *opendir(const char *dirpath);
static struct dirent *readdir(DIR *dirp);
static int closedir(DIR *dirp);

#endif // _WIN32
// minirent.h HEADER END ////////////////////////////////////////

#ifdef _WIN32

NOBDEF char *nob_win32_error_message(DWORD err);

#endif // _WIN32

#endif // NOB_H_

#ifdef NOB_IMPLEMENTATION

// This is like nob_proc_wait() but waits asynchronously. Depending on the platform ms means different thing.
// On Windows it means timeout. On POSIX it means for how long to sleep after checking if the process exited,
// so to not peg the core too much. Since this API is kinda of weird, the function is private for now.
static int nob__proc_wait_async(Nob_Proc proc, int ms);

// Starts the process for the command. Its main purpose is to be the base for nob_cmd_run() and nob_cmd_run_opt().
static Nob_Proc nob__cmd_start_process(Nob_Cmd cmd, Nob_Fd *fdin, Nob_Fd *fdout, Nob_Fd *fderr);

// Any messages with the level below nob_minimal_log_level are going to be suppressed.
Nob_Log_Level nob_minimal_log_level = NOB_INFO;

#ifdef _WIN32

// Base on https://stackoverflow.com/a/75644008
// > .NET Core uses 4096 * sizeof(WCHAR) buffer on stack for FormatMessageW call. And...thats it.
// >
// > https://github.com/dotnet/runtime/blob/3b63eb1346f1ddbc921374a5108d025662fb5ffd/src/coreclr/utilcode/posterror.cpp#L264-L265
#ifndef NOB_WIN32_ERR_MSG_SIZE
#define NOB_WIN32_ERR_MSG_SIZE (4 * 1024)
#endif // NOB_WIN32_ERR_MSG_SIZE

NOBDEF char *nob_win32_error_message(DWORD err) {
    static char win32ErrMsg[NOB_WIN32_ERR_MSG_SIZE] = {0};
    DWORD errMsgSize = FormatMessageA(FORMAT_MESSAGE_FROM_SYSTEM | FORMAT_MESSAGE_IGNORE_INSERTS, NULL, err, LANG_USER_DEFAULT, win32ErrMsg,
                                      NOB_WIN32_ERR_MSG_SIZE, NULL);

    if (errMsgSize == 0) {
        if (GetLastError() != ERROR_MR_MID_NOT_FOUND) {
            if (sprintf(win32ErrMsg, "Could not get error message for 0x%lX", err) > 0) {
                return (char *)&win32ErrMsg;
            } else {
                return NULL;
            }
        } else {
            if (sprintf(win32ErrMsg, "Invalid Windows Error code (0x%lX)", err) > 0) {
                return (char *)&win32ErrMsg;
            } else {
                return NULL;
            }
        }
    }

    while (errMsgSize > 1 && isspace(win32ErrMsg[errMsgSize - 1])) {
        win32ErrMsg[--errMsgSize] = '\0';
    }

    return win32ErrMsg;
}

#endif // _WIN32

// The implementation idea is stolen from https://github.com/zhiayang/nabs
NOBDEF void nob__go_rebuild_urself(int argc, char **argv, const char *source_path, ...)
{
    const char *binary_path = nob_shift(argv, argc);
#ifdef _WIN32
    // On Windows executables almost always invoked without extension, so
    // it's ./nob, not ./nob.exe. For renaming the extension is a must.
    if (!nob_sv_end_with(nob_sv_from_cstr(binary_path), ".exe")) {
        binary_path = nob_temp_sprintf("%s.exe", binary_path);
    }
#endif

    Nob_File_Paths source_paths = {0};
    nob_da_append(&source_paths, source_path);
    va_list args;
    va_start(args, source_path);
    for (;;) {
        const char *path = va_arg(args, const char*);
        if (path == NULL) break;
        nob_da_append(&source_paths, path);
    }
    va_end(args);

    int rebuild_is_needed = nob_needs_rebuild(binary_path, source_paths.items, source_paths.count);
    if (rebuild_is_needed < 0) exit(1); // error
    if (!rebuild_is_needed) {           // no rebuild is needed
        NOB_FREE(source_paths.items);
        return;
    }

    Nob_Cmd cmd = {0};

    const char *old_binary_path = nob_temp_sprintf("%s.old", binary_path);

    if (!nob_rename(binary_path, old_binary_path)) exit(1);
    nob_cmd_append(&cmd, NOB_REBUILD_URSELF(binary_path, source_path));
    Nob_Cmd_Opt opt = {0};
    if (!nob_cmd_run_opt(&cmd, opt)) {
        nob_rename(old_binary_path, binary_path);
        exit(1);
    }
#ifdef NOB_EXPERIMENTAL_DELETE_OLD
    // TODO: this is an experimental behavior behind a compilation flag.
    // Once it is confirmed that it does not cause much problems on both POSIX and Windows
    // we may turn it on by default.
    nob_delete_file(old_binary_path);
#endif // NOB_EXPERIMENTAL_DELETE_OLD

    nob_cmd_append(&cmd, binary_path);
    nob_da_append_many(&cmd, argv, argc);
    if (!nob_cmd_run_opt(&cmd, opt)) exit(1);
    exit(0);
}

static size_t nob_temp_size = 0;
static char nob_temp[NOB_TEMP_CAPACITY] = {0};

NOBDEF bool nob_mkdir_if_not_exists(const char *path)
{
#ifdef _WIN32
    int result = _mkdir(path);
#else
    int result = mkdir(path, 0755);
#endif
    if (result < 0) {
        if (errno == EEXIST) {
            nob_log(NOB_INFO, "directory `%s` already exists", path);
            return true;
        }
        nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "could not create directory `%s`: %s", path, strerror(errno));
        return false;
    }

    nob_log(NOB_INFO, "created directory `%s`", path);
    return true;
}

NOBDEF bool nob_copy_file(const char *src_path, const char *dst_path)
{
    nob_log(NOB_INFO, "copying %s -> %s", src_path, dst_path);
#ifdef _WIN32
    if (!CopyFile(src_path, dst_path, FALSE)) {
        nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "Could not copy file: %s", nob_win32_error_message(GetLastError()));
        return false;
    }
    return true;
#else
    int src_fd = -1;
    int dst_fd = -1;
    size_t buf_size = 32*1024;
    char *buf = (char*)NOB_REALLOC(NULL, buf_size);
    NOB_ASSERT(buf != NULL && "Buy more RAM lol!!");
    bool result = true;

    src_fd = open(src_path, O_RDONLY);
    if (src_fd < 0) {
        nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "Could not open file %s: %s", src_path, strerror(errno));
        nob_return_defer(false);
    }

    struct stat src_stat;
    if (fstat(src_fd, &src_stat) < 0) {
        nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "Could not get mode of file %s: %s", src_path, strerror(errno));
        nob_return_defer(false);
    }

    dst_fd = open(dst_path, O_CREAT | O_TRUNC | O_WRONLY, src_stat.st_mode);
    if (dst_fd < 0) {
        nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "Could not create file %s: %s", dst_path, strerror(errno));
        nob_return_defer(false);
    }

    for (;;) {
        ssize_t n = read(src_fd, buf, buf_size);
        if (n == 0) break;
        if (n < 0) {
            nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "Could not read from file %s: %s", src_path, strerror(errno));
            nob_return_defer(false);
        }
        char *buf2 = buf;
        while (n > 0) {
            ssize_t m = write(dst_fd, buf2, n);
            if (m < 0) {
                nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "Could not write to file %s: %s", dst_path, strerror(errno));
                nob_return_defer(false);
            }
            n    -= m;
            buf2 += m;
        }
    }

defer:
    NOB_FREE(buf);
    close(src_fd);
    close(dst_fd);
    return result;
#endif
}

NOBDEF void nob_cmd_render(Nob_Cmd cmd, Nob_String_Builder *render)
{
    for (size_t i = 0; i < cmd.count; ++i) {
        const char *arg = cmd.items[i];
        if (arg == NULL) break;
        if (i > 0) nob_sb_append_cstr(render, " ");
        if (!strchr(arg, ' ')) {
            nob_sb_append_cstr(render, arg);
        } else {
            nob_da_append(render, '\'');
            nob_sb_append_cstr(render, arg);
            nob_da_append(render, '\'');
        }
    }
}

#ifdef _WIN32
// https://learn.microsoft.com/en-gb/archive/blogs/twistylittlepassagesallalike/everyone-quotes-command-line-arguments-the-wrong-way
static void nob__win32_cmd_quote(Nob_Cmd cmd, Nob_String_Builder *quoted)
{
    for (size_t i = 0; i < cmd.count; ++i) {
        const char *arg = cmd.items[i];
        if (arg == NULL) break;
        size_t len = strlen(arg);
        if (i > 0) nob_da_append(quoted, ' ');
        if (len != 0 && NULL == strpbrk(arg, " \t\n\v\"")) {
            // no need to quote
            nob_da_append_many(quoted, arg, len);
        } else {
            // we need to escape:
            // 1. double quotes in the original arg
            // 2. consequent backslashes before a double quote
            size_t backslashes = 0;
            nob_da_append(quoted, '\"');
            for (size_t j = 0; j < len; ++j) {
                char x = arg[j];
                if (x == '\\') {
                    backslashes += 1;
                } else {
                    if (x == '\"') {
                        // escape backslashes (if any) and the double quote
                        for (size_t k = 0; k < 1+backslashes; ++k) {
                            nob_da_append(quoted, '\\');
                        }
                    }
                    backslashes = 0;
                }
                nob_da_append(quoted, x);
            }
            // escape backslashes (if any)
            for (size_t k = 0; k < backslashes; ++k) {
                nob_da_append(quoted, '\\');
            }
            nob_da_append(quoted, '\"');
        }
    }
}
#endif

NOBDEF int nob_nprocs(void)
{
#ifdef _WIN32
    SYSTEM_INFO siSysInfo;
    GetSystemInfo(&siSysInfo);
    return siSysInfo.dwNumberOfProcessors;
#else
    return sysconf(_SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN);
#endif
}

NOBDEF bool nob_cmd_run_opt(Nob_Cmd *cmd, Nob_Cmd_Opt opt)
{
    bool result = true;
    Nob_Fd fdin  = NOB_INVALID_FD;
    Nob_Fd fdout = NOB_INVALID_FD;
    Nob_Fd fderr = NOB_INVALID_FD;
    Nob_Fd *opt_fdin  = NULL;
    Nob_Fd *opt_fdout = NULL;
    Nob_Fd *opt_fderr = NULL;

    size_t max_procs = opt.max_procs > 0 ? opt.max_procs : (size_t) nob_nprocs() + 1;

    if (opt.async && max_procs > 0) {
        while (opt.async->count >= max_procs) {
            for (size_t i = 0; i < opt.async->count; ++i) {
                int ret = nob__proc_wait_async(opt.async->items[i], 1);
                if (ret < 0) nob_return_defer(false);
                if (ret) {
                    nob_da_remove_unordered(opt.async, i);
                    break;
                }
            }
        }
    }

    if (opt.stdin_path) {
        fdin = nob_fd_open_for_read(opt.stdin_path);
        if (fdin == NOB_INVALID_FD) nob_return_defer(false);
        opt_fdin = &fdin;
    }
    if (opt.stdout_path) {
        fdout = nob_fd_open_for_write(opt.stdout_path);
        if (fdout == NOB_INVALID_FD) nob_return_defer(false);
        opt_fdout = &fdout;
    }
    if (opt.stderr_path) {
        fderr = nob_fd_open_for_write(opt.stderr_path);
        if (fderr == NOB_INVALID_FD) nob_return_defer(false);
        opt_fderr = &fderr;
    }
    Nob_Proc proc = nob__cmd_start_process(*cmd, opt_fdin, opt_fdout, opt_fderr);

    if (opt.async) {
        if (proc == NOB_INVALID_PROC) nob_return_defer(false);
        nob_da_append(opt.async, proc);
    } else {
        if (!nob_proc_wait(proc)) nob_return_defer(false);
    }

defer:
    if (opt_fdin)  nob_fd_close(*opt_fdin);
    if (opt_fdout) nob_fd_close(*opt_fdout);
    if (opt_fderr) nob_fd_close(*opt_fderr);
    cmd->count = 0;
    return result;
}

// The maximum time span representable is 584 years.
NOBDEF uint64_t nob_nanos_since_unspecified_epoch(void)
{
#ifdef _WIN32
    LARGE_INTEGER Time;
    QueryPerformanceCounter(&Time);

    static LARGE_INTEGER Frequency = {0};
    if (Frequency.QuadPart == 0) {
        QueryPerformanceFrequency(&Frequency);
    }

    uint64_t Secs  = Time.QuadPart / Frequency.QuadPart;
    uint64_t Nanos = Time.QuadPart % Frequency.QuadPart * NOB_NANOS_PER_SEC / Frequency.QuadPart;
    return NOB_NANOS_PER_SEC * Secs + Nanos;
#else
    struct timespec ts;
    clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &ts);

    return NOB_NANOS_PER_SEC * ts.tv_sec + ts.tv_nsec;
#endif // _WIN32
}

NOBDEF Nob_Proc nob_cmd_run_async_redirect(Nob_Cmd cmd, Nob_Cmd_Redirect redirect)
{
    return nob__cmd_start_process(cmd, redirect.fdin, redirect.fdout, redirect.fderr);
}

static Nob_Proc nob__cmd_start_process(Nob_Cmd cmd, Nob_Fd *fdin, Nob_Fd *fdout, Nob_Fd *fderr)
{
    if (cmd.count < 1) {
        nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "Could not run empty command");
        return NOB_INVALID_PROC;
    }

    Nob_String_Builder sb = {0};
    nob_cmd_render(cmd, &sb);
    nob_sb_append_null(&sb);
    nob_log(NOB_INFO, "CMD: %s", sb.items);
    nob_sb_free(sb);
    memset(&sb, 0, sizeof(sb));

#ifdef _WIN32
    // https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/procthread/creating-a-child-process-with-redirected-input-and-output

    STARTUPINFO siStartInfo;
    ZeroMemory(&siStartInfo, sizeof(siStartInfo));
    siStartInfo.cb = sizeof(STARTUPINFO);
    // NOTE: theoretically setting NULL to std handles should not be a problem
    // https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/console/getstdhandle?redirectedfrom=MSDN#attachdetach-behavior
    // TODO: check for errors in GetStdHandle
    siStartInfo.hStdError = fderr ? *fderr : GetStdHandle(STD_ERROR_HANDLE);
    siStartInfo.hStdOutput = fdout ? *fdout : GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
    siStartInfo.hStdInput = fdin ? *fdin : GetStdHandle(STD_INPUT_HANDLE);
    siStartInfo.dwFlags |= STARTF_USESTDHANDLES;

    PROCESS_INFORMATION piProcInfo;
    ZeroMemory(&piProcInfo, sizeof(PROCESS_INFORMATION));

    nob__win32_cmd_quote(cmd, &sb);
    nob_sb_append_null(&sb);
    BOOL bSuccess = CreateProcessA(NULL, sb.items, NULL, NULL, TRUE, 0, NULL, NULL, &siStartInfo, &piProcInfo);
    nob_sb_free(sb);

    if (!bSuccess) {
        nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "Could not create child process for %s: %s", cmd.items[0], nob_win32_error_message(GetLastError()));
        return NOB_INVALID_PROC;
    }

    CloseHandle(piProcInfo.hThread);

    return piProcInfo.hProcess;
#else
    pid_t cpid = fork();
    if (cpid < 0) {
        nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "Could not fork child process: %s", strerror(errno));
        return NOB_INVALID_PROC;
    }

    if (cpid == 0) {
        if (fdin) {
            if (dup2(*fdin, STDIN_FILENO) < 0) {
                nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "Could not setup stdin for child process: %s", strerror(errno));
                exit(1);
            }
        }

        if (fdout) {
            if (dup2(*fdout, STDOUT_FILENO) < 0) {
                nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "Could not setup stdout for child process: %s", strerror(errno));
                exit(1);
            }
        }

        if (fderr) {
            if (dup2(*fderr, STDERR_FILENO) < 0) {
                nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "Could not setup stderr for child process: %s", strerror(errno));
                exit(1);
            }
        }

        // NOTE: This leaks a bit of memory in the child process.
        // But do we actually care? It's a one off leak anyway...
        Nob_Cmd cmd_null = {0};
        nob_da_append_many(&cmd_null, cmd.items, cmd.count);
        nob_cmd_append(&cmd_null, NULL);

        if (execvp(cmd.items[0], (char * const*) cmd_null.items) < 0) {
            nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "Could not exec child process for %s: %s", cmd.items[0], strerror(errno));
            exit(1);
        }
        NOB_UNREACHABLE("nob_cmd_run_async_redirect");
    }

    return cpid;
#endif
}

NOBDEF Nob_Proc nob_cmd_run_async(Nob_Cmd cmd)
{
    return nob__cmd_start_process(cmd, NULL, NULL, NULL);
}

NOBDEF Nob_Proc nob_cmd_run_async_and_reset(Nob_Cmd *cmd)
{
    Nob_Proc proc = nob__cmd_start_process(*cmd, NULL, NULL, NULL);
    cmd->count = 0;
    return proc;
}

NOBDEF Nob_Proc nob_cmd_run_async_redirect_and_reset(Nob_Cmd *cmd, Nob_Cmd_Redirect redirect)
{
    Nob_Proc proc = nob__cmd_start_process(*cmd, redirect.fdin, redirect.fdout, redirect.fderr);
    cmd->count = 0;
    if (redirect.fdin) {
        nob_fd_close(*redirect.fdin);
        *redirect.fdin = NOB_INVALID_FD;
    }
    if (redirect.fdout) {
        nob_fd_close(*redirect.fdout);
        *redirect.fdout = NOB_INVALID_FD;
    }
    if (redirect.fderr) {
        nob_fd_close(*redirect.fderr);
        *redirect.fderr = NOB_INVALID_FD;
    }
    return proc;
}

NOBDEF Nob_Fd nob_fd_open_for_read(const char *path)
{
#ifndef _WIN32
    Nob_Fd result = open(path, O_RDONLY);
    if (result < 0) {
        nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "Could not open file %s: %s", path, strerror(errno));
        return NOB_INVALID_FD;
    }
    return result;
#else
    // https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/fileio/opening-a-file-for-reading-or-writing
    SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES saAttr = {0};
    saAttr.nLength = sizeof(SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES);
    saAttr.bInheritHandle = TRUE;

    Nob_Fd result = CreateFile(
                    path,
                    GENERIC_READ,
                    0,
                    &saAttr,
                    OPEN_EXISTING,
                    FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY,
                    NULL);

    if (result == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
        nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "Could not open file %s: %s", path, nob_win32_error_message(GetLastError()));
        return NOB_INVALID_FD;
    }

    return result;
#endif // _WIN32
}

NOBDEF Nob_Fd nob_fd_open_for_write(const char *path)
{
#ifndef _WIN32
    Nob_Fd result = open(path,
                     O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC,
                     S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR | S_IRGRP | S_IROTH);
    if (result < 0) {
        nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "could not open file %s: %s", path, strerror(errno));
        return NOB_INVALID_FD;
    }
    return result;
#else
    SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES saAttr = {0};
    saAttr.nLength = sizeof(SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES);
    saAttr.bInheritHandle = TRUE;

    Nob_Fd result = CreateFile(
                    path,                            // name of the write
                    GENERIC_WRITE,                   // open for writing
                    0,                               // do not share
                    &saAttr,                         // default security
                    CREATE_ALWAYS,                   // create always
                    FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL,           // normal file
                    NULL                             // no attr. template
                );

    if (result == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
        nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "Could not open file %s: %s", path, nob_win32_error_message(GetLastError()));
        return NOB_INVALID_FD;
    }

    return result;
#endif // _WIN32
}

NOBDEF void nob_fd_close(Nob_Fd fd)
{
#ifdef _WIN32
    CloseHandle(fd);
#else
    close(fd);
#endif // _WIN32
}

NOBDEF bool nob_procs_wait(Nob_Procs procs)
{
    bool success = true;
    for (size_t i = 0; i < procs.count; ++i) {
        success = nob_proc_wait(procs.items[i]) && success;
    }
    return success;
}

NOBDEF bool nob_procs_flush(Nob_Procs *procs)
{
    bool success = nob_procs_wait(*procs);
    procs->count = 0;
    return success;
}

NOBDEF bool nob_procs_wait_and_reset(Nob_Procs *procs)
{
    return nob_procs_flush(procs);
}

NOBDEF bool nob_proc_wait(Nob_Proc proc)
{
    if (proc == NOB_INVALID_PROC) return false;

#ifdef _WIN32
    DWORD result = WaitForSingleObject(
                       proc,    // HANDLE hHandle,
                       INFINITE // DWORD  dwMilliseconds
                   );

    if (result == WAIT_FAILED) {
        nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "could not wait on child process: %s", nob_win32_error_message(GetLastError()));
        return false;
    }

    DWORD exit_status;
    if (!GetExitCodeProcess(proc, &exit_status)) {
        nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "could not get process exit code: %s", nob_win32_error_message(GetLastError()));
        return false;
    }

    if (exit_status != 0) {
        nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "command exited with exit code %lu", exit_status);
        return false;
    }

    CloseHandle(proc);

    return true;
#else
    for (;;) {
        int wstatus = 0;
        if (waitpid(proc, &wstatus, 0) < 0) {
            nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "could not wait on command (pid %d): %s", proc, strerror(errno));
            return false;
        }

        if (WIFEXITED(wstatus)) {
            int exit_status = WEXITSTATUS(wstatus);
            if (exit_status != 0) {
                nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "command exited with exit code %d", exit_status);
                return false;
            }

            break;
        }

        if (WIFSIGNALED(wstatus)) {
            nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "command process was terminated by signal %d", WTERMSIG(wstatus));
            return false;
        }
    }

    return true;
#endif
}

static int nob__proc_wait_async(Nob_Proc proc, int ms)
{
    if (proc == NOB_INVALID_PROC) return false;

#ifdef _WIN32
    DWORD result = WaitForSingleObject(
                       proc,    // HANDLE hHandle,
                       ms       // DWORD  dwMilliseconds
                   );

    if (result == WAIT_TIMEOUT) {
        return 0;
    }

    if (result == WAIT_FAILED) {
        nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "could not wait on child process: %s", nob_win32_error_message(GetLastError()));
        return -1;
    }

    DWORD exit_status;
    if (!GetExitCodeProcess(proc, &exit_status)) {
        nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "could not get process exit code: %s", nob_win32_error_message(GetLastError()));
        return -1;
    }

    if (exit_status != 0) {
        nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "command exited with exit code %lu", exit_status);
        return -1;
    }

    CloseHandle(proc);

    return 1;
#else
    long ns = ms*1000*1000;
    struct timespec duration = {
        .tv_sec = ns/(1000*1000*1000),
        .tv_nsec = ns%(1000*1000*1000),
    };

    int wstatus = 0;
    pid_t pid = waitpid(proc, &wstatus, WNOHANG);
    if (pid < 0) {
        nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "could not wait on command (pid %d): %s", proc, strerror(errno));
        return -1;
    }

    if (pid == 0) {
        nanosleep(&duration, NULL);
        return 0;
    }

    if (WIFEXITED(wstatus)) {
        int exit_status = WEXITSTATUS(wstatus);
        if (exit_status != 0) {
            nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "command exited with exit code %d", exit_status);
            return -1;
        }

        return 1;
    }

    if (WIFSIGNALED(wstatus)) {
        nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "command process was terminated by signal %d", WTERMSIG(wstatus));
        return -1;
    }

    nanosleep(&duration, NULL);
    return 0;
#endif
}

NOBDEF bool nob_procs_append_with_flush(Nob_Procs *procs, Nob_Proc proc, size_t max_procs_count)
{
    nob_da_append(procs, proc);

    if (procs->count >= max_procs_count) {
        if (!nob_procs_flush(procs)) return false;
    }

    return true;
}

NOBDEF bool nob_cmd_run_sync_redirect(Nob_Cmd cmd, Nob_Cmd_Redirect redirect)
{
    Nob_Proc p = nob__cmd_start_process(cmd, redirect.fdin, redirect.fdout, redirect.fderr);
    return nob_proc_wait(p);
}

NOBDEF bool nob_cmd_run_sync(Nob_Cmd cmd)
{
    Nob_Proc p = nob__cmd_start_process(cmd, NULL, NULL, NULL);
    return nob_proc_wait(p);
}

NOBDEF bool nob_cmd_run_sync_and_reset(Nob_Cmd *cmd)
{
    Nob_Proc p = nob__cmd_start_process(*cmd, NULL, NULL, NULL);
    cmd->count = 0;
    return nob_proc_wait(p);
}

NOBDEF bool nob_cmd_run_sync_redirect_and_reset(Nob_Cmd *cmd, Nob_Cmd_Redirect redirect)
{
    Nob_Proc p = nob__cmd_start_process(*cmd, redirect.fdin, redirect.fdout, redirect.fderr);
    cmd->count = 0;
    if (redirect.fdin) {
        nob_fd_close(*redirect.fdin);
        *redirect.fdin = NOB_INVALID_FD;
    }
    if (redirect.fdout) {
        nob_fd_close(*redirect.fdout);
        *redirect.fdout = NOB_INVALID_FD;
    }
    if (redirect.fderr) {
        nob_fd_close(*redirect.fderr);
        *redirect.fderr = NOB_INVALID_FD;
    }
    return nob_proc_wait(p);
}

NOBDEF void nob_log(Nob_Log_Level level, const char *fmt, ...)
{
    if (level < nob_minimal_log_level) return;

    switch (level) {
    case NOB_INFO:
        fprintf(stderr, "[INFO] ");
        break;
    case NOB_WARNING:
        fprintf(stderr, "[WARNING] ");
        break;
    case NOB_ERROR:
        fprintf(stderr, "[ERROR] ");
        break;
    case NOB_NO_LOGS: return;
    default:
        NOB_UNREACHABLE("nob_log");
    }

    va_list args;
    va_start(args, fmt);
    vfprintf(stderr, fmt, args);
    va_end(args);
    fprintf(stderr, "\n");
}

NOBDEF bool nob_read_entire_dir(const char *parent, Nob_File_Paths *children)
{
    bool result = true;
    DIR *dir = NULL;
    struct dirent *ent = NULL;

    dir = opendir(parent);
    if (dir == NULL) {
        #ifdef _WIN32
        nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "Could not open directory %s: %s", parent, nob_win32_error_message(GetLastError()));
        #else
        nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "Could not open directory %s: %s", parent, strerror(errno));
        #endif // _WIN32
        nob_return_defer(false);
    }

    errno = 0;
    ent = readdir(dir);
    while (ent != NULL) {
        nob_da_append(children, nob_temp_strdup(ent->d_name));
        ent = readdir(dir);
    }

    if (errno != 0) {
        #ifdef _WIN32
        nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "Could not read directory %s: %s", parent, nob_win32_error_message(GetLastError()));
        #else
        nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "Could not read directory %s: %s", parent, strerror(errno));
        #endif // _WIN32
        nob_return_defer(false);
    }

defer:
    if (dir) closedir(dir);
    return result;
}

NOBDEF bool nob_write_entire_file(const char *path, const void *data, size_t size)
{
    bool result = true;

    const char *buf = NULL;
    FILE *f = fopen(path, "wb");
    if (f == NULL) {
        nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "Could not open file %s for writing: %s\n", path, strerror(errno));
        nob_return_defer(false);
    }

    //           len
    //           v
    // aaaaaaaaaa
    //     ^
    //     data

    buf = (const char*)data;
    while (size > 0) {
        size_t n = fwrite(buf, 1, size, f);
        if (ferror(f)) {
            nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "Could not write into file %s: %s\n", path, strerror(errno));
            nob_return_defer(false);
        }
        size -= n;
        buf  += n;
    }

defer:
    if (f) fclose(f);
    return result;
}

NOBDEF Nob_File_Type nob_get_file_type(const char *path)
{
#ifdef _WIN32
    DWORD attr = GetFileAttributesA(path);
    if (attr == INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES) {
        nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "Could not get file attributes of %s: %s", path, nob_win32_error_message(GetLastError()));
        return -1;
    }

    if (attr & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY) return NOB_FILE_DIRECTORY;
    // TODO: detect symlinks on Windows (whatever that means on Windows anyway)
    return NOB_FILE_REGULAR;
#else // _WIN32
    struct stat statbuf;
    if (lstat(path, &statbuf) < 0) {
        nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "Could not get stat of %s: %s", path, strerror(errno));
        return (Nob_File_Type)(-1);
    }

    if (S_ISREG(statbuf.st_mode)) return NOB_FILE_REGULAR;
    if (S_ISDIR(statbuf.st_mode)) return NOB_FILE_DIRECTORY;
    if (S_ISLNK(statbuf.st_mode)) return NOB_FILE_SYMLINK;
    return NOB_FILE_OTHER;
#endif // _WIN32
}

NOBDEF bool nob_delete_file(const char *path)
{
    nob_log(NOB_INFO, "deleting %s", path);
#ifdef _WIN32
    if (!DeleteFileA(path)) {
        nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "Could not delete file %s: %s", path, nob_win32_error_message(GetLastError()));
        return false;
    }
    return true;
#else
    if (remove(path) < 0) {
        nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "Could not delete file %s: %s", path, strerror(errno));
        return false;
    }
    return true;
#endif // _WIN32
}

NOBDEF bool nob_copy_directory_recursively(const char *src_path, const char *dst_path)
{
    bool result = true;
    Nob_File_Paths children = {0};
    Nob_String_Builder src_sb = {0};
    Nob_String_Builder dst_sb = {0};
    size_t temp_checkpoint = nob_temp_save();

    Nob_File_Type type = nob_get_file_type(src_path);
    if (type < 0) return false;

    switch (type) {
        case NOB_FILE_DIRECTORY: {
            if (!nob_mkdir_if_not_exists(dst_path)) nob_return_defer(false);
            if (!nob_read_entire_dir(src_path, &children)) nob_return_defer(false);

            for (size_t i = 0; i < children.count; ++i) {
                if (strcmp(children.items[i], ".") == 0) continue;
                if (strcmp(children.items[i], "..") == 0) continue;

                src_sb.count = 0;
                nob_sb_append_cstr(&src_sb, src_path);
                nob_sb_append_cstr(&src_sb, "/");
                nob_sb_append_cstr(&src_sb, children.items[i]);
                nob_sb_append_null(&src_sb);

                dst_sb.count = 0;
                nob_sb_append_cstr(&dst_sb, dst_path);
                nob_sb_append_cstr(&dst_sb, "/");
                nob_sb_append_cstr(&dst_sb, children.items[i]);
                nob_sb_append_null(&dst_sb);

                if (!nob_copy_directory_recursively(src_sb.items, dst_sb.items)) {
                    nob_return_defer(false);
                }
            }
        } break;

        case NOB_FILE_REGULAR: {
            if (!nob_copy_file(src_path, dst_path)) {
                nob_return_defer(false);
            }
        } break;

        case NOB_FILE_SYMLINK: {
            nob_log(NOB_WARNING, "TODO: Copying symlinks is not supported yet");
        } break;

        case NOB_FILE_OTHER: {
            nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "Unsupported type of file %s", src_path);
            nob_return_defer(false);
        } break;

        default: NOB_UNREACHABLE("nob_copy_directory_recursively");
    }

defer:
    nob_temp_rewind(temp_checkpoint);
    nob_da_free(src_sb);
    nob_da_free(dst_sb);
    nob_da_free(children);
    return result;
}

NOBDEF char *nob_temp_strdup(const char *cstr)
{
    size_t n = strlen(cstr);
    char *result = (char*)nob_temp_alloc(n + 1);
    NOB_ASSERT(result != NULL && "Increase NOB_TEMP_CAPACITY");
    memcpy(result, cstr, n);
    result[n] = '\0';
    return result;
}

NOBDEF void *nob_temp_alloc(size_t requested_size)
{
    size_t word_size = sizeof(uintptr_t);
    size_t size = (requested_size + word_size - 1)/word_size*word_size;
    if (nob_temp_size + size > NOB_TEMP_CAPACITY) return NULL;
    void *result = &nob_temp[nob_temp_size];
    nob_temp_size += size;
    return result;
}

NOBDEF char *nob_temp_sprintf(const char *format, ...)
{
    va_list args;
    va_start(args, format);
    int n = vsnprintf(NULL, 0, format, args);
    va_end(args);

    NOB_ASSERT(n >= 0);
    char *result = (char*)nob_temp_alloc(n + 1);
    NOB_ASSERT(result != NULL && "Extend the size of the temporary allocator");
    // TODO: use proper arenas for the temporary allocator;
    va_start(args, format);
    vsnprintf(result, n + 1, format, args);
    va_end(args);

    return result;
}

NOBDEF void nob_temp_reset(void)
{
    nob_temp_size = 0;
}

NOBDEF size_t nob_temp_save(void)
{
    return nob_temp_size;
}

NOBDEF void nob_temp_rewind(size_t checkpoint)
{
    nob_temp_size = checkpoint;
}

NOBDEF const char *nob_temp_sv_to_cstr(Nob_String_View sv)
{
    char *result = (char*)nob_temp_alloc(sv.count + 1);
    NOB_ASSERT(result != NULL && "Extend the size of the temporary allocator");
    memcpy(result, sv.data, sv.count);
    result[sv.count] = '\0';
    return result;
}

NOBDEF int nob_needs_rebuild(const char *output_path, const char **input_paths, size_t input_paths_count)
{
#ifdef _WIN32
    BOOL bSuccess;

    HANDLE output_path_fd = CreateFile(output_path, GENERIC_READ, 0, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY, NULL);
    if (output_path_fd == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
        // NOTE: if output does not exist it 100% must be rebuilt
        if (GetLastError() == ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND) return 1;
        nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "Could not open file %s: %s", output_path, nob_win32_error_message(GetLastError()));
        return -1;
    }
    FILETIME output_path_time;
    bSuccess = GetFileTime(output_path_fd, NULL, NULL, &output_path_time);
    CloseHandle(output_path_fd);
    if (!bSuccess) {
        nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "Could not get time of %s: %s", output_path, nob_win32_error_message(GetLastError()));
        return -1;
    }

    for (size_t i = 0; i < input_paths_count; ++i) {
        const char *input_path = input_paths[i];
        HANDLE input_path_fd = CreateFile(input_path, GENERIC_READ, 0, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY, NULL);
        if (input_path_fd == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
            // NOTE: non-existing input is an error cause it is needed for building in the first place
            nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "Could not open file %s: %s", input_path, nob_win32_error_message(GetLastError()));
            return -1;
        }
        FILETIME input_path_time;
        bSuccess = GetFileTime(input_path_fd, NULL, NULL, &input_path_time);
        CloseHandle(input_path_fd);
        if (!bSuccess) {
            nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "Could not get time of %s: %s", input_path, nob_win32_error_message(GetLastError()));
            return -1;
        }

        // NOTE: if even a single input_path is fresher than output_path that's 100% rebuild
        if (CompareFileTime(&input_path_time, &output_path_time) == 1) return 1;
    }

    return 0;
#else
    struct stat statbuf = {0};

    if (stat(output_path, &statbuf) < 0) {
        // NOTE: if output does not exist it 100% must be rebuilt
        if (errno == ENOENT) return 1;
        nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "could not stat %s: %s", output_path, strerror(errno));
        return -1;
    }
    int output_path_time = statbuf.st_mtime;

    for (size_t i = 0; i < input_paths_count; ++i) {
        const char *input_path = input_paths[i];
        if (stat(input_path, &statbuf) < 0) {
            // NOTE: non-existing input is an error cause it is needed for building in the first place
            nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "could not stat %s: %s", input_path, strerror(errno));
            return -1;
        }
        int input_path_time = statbuf.st_mtime;
        // NOTE: if even a single input_path is fresher than output_path that's 100% rebuild
        if (input_path_time > output_path_time) return 1;
    }

    return 0;
#endif
}

NOBDEF int nob_needs_rebuild1(const char *output_path, const char *input_path)
{
    return nob_needs_rebuild(output_path, &input_path, 1);
}

NOBDEF const char *nob_path_name(const char *path)
{
#ifdef _WIN32
    const char *p1 = strrchr(path, '/');
    const char *p2 = strrchr(path, '\\');
    const char *p = (p1 > p2)? p1 : p2;  // NULL is ignored if the other search is successful
    return p ? p + 1 : path;
#else
    const char *p = strrchr(path, '/');
    return p ? p + 1 : path;
#endif // _WIN32
}

NOBDEF bool nob_rename(const char *old_path, const char *new_path)
{
    nob_log(NOB_INFO, "renaming %s -> %s", old_path, new_path);
#ifdef _WIN32
    if (!MoveFileEx(old_path, new_path, MOVEFILE_REPLACE_EXISTING)) {
        nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "could not rename %s to %s: %s", old_path, new_path, nob_win32_error_message(GetLastError()));
        return false;
    }
#else
    if (rename(old_path, new_path) < 0) {
        nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "could not rename %s to %s: %s", old_path, new_path, strerror(errno));
        return false;
    }
#endif // _WIN32
    return true;
}

NOBDEF bool nob_read_entire_file(const char *path, Nob_String_Builder *sb)
{
    bool result = true;

    FILE *f = fopen(path, "rb");
    size_t new_count = 0;
    long long m = 0;
    if (f == NULL)                 nob_return_defer(false);
    if (fseek(f, 0, SEEK_END) < 0) nob_return_defer(false);
#ifndef _WIN32
    m = ftell(f);
#else
    m = _ftelli64(f);
#endif
    if (m < 0)                     nob_return_defer(false);
    if (fseek(f, 0, SEEK_SET) < 0) nob_return_defer(false);

    new_count = sb->count + m;
    if (new_count > sb->capacity) {
        sb->items = NOB_DECLTYPE_CAST(sb->items)NOB_REALLOC(sb->items, new_count);
        NOB_ASSERT(sb->items != NULL && "Buy more RAM lool!!");
        sb->capacity = new_count;
    }

    fread(sb->items + sb->count, m, 1, f);
    if (ferror(f)) {
        // TODO: Afaik, ferror does not set errno. So the error reporting in defer is not correct in this case.
        nob_return_defer(false);
    }
    sb->count = new_count;

defer:
    if (!result) nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "Could not read file %s: %s", path, strerror(errno));
    if (f) fclose(f);
    return result;
}

NOBDEF int nob_sb_appendf(Nob_String_Builder *sb, const char *fmt, ...)
{
    va_list args;

    va_start(args, fmt);
    int n = vsnprintf(NULL, 0, fmt, args);
    va_end(args);

    // NOTE: the new_capacity needs to be +1 because of the null terminator.
    // However, further below we increase sb->count by n, not n + 1.
    // This is because we don't want the sb to include the null terminator. The user can always sb_append_null() if they want it
    nob_da_reserve(sb, sb->count + n + 1);
    char *dest = sb->items + sb->count;
    va_start(args, fmt);
    vsnprintf(dest, n+1, fmt, args);
    va_end(args);

    sb->count += n;

    return n;
}

NOBDEF Nob_String_View nob_sv_chop_by_delim(Nob_String_View *sv, char delim)
{
    size_t i = 0;
    while (i < sv->count && sv->data[i] != delim) {
        i += 1;
    }

    Nob_String_View result = nob_sv_from_parts(sv->data, i);

    if (i < sv->count) {
        sv->count -= i + 1;
        sv->data  += i + 1;
    } else {
        sv->count -= i;
        sv->data  += i;
    }

    return result;
}

NOBDEF Nob_String_View nob_sv_chop_left(Nob_String_View *sv, size_t n)
{
    if (n > sv->count) {
        n = sv->count;
    }

    Nob_String_View result = nob_sv_from_parts(sv->data, n);

    sv->data  += n;
    sv->count -= n;

    return result;
}

NOBDEF Nob_String_View nob_sv_from_parts(const char *data, size_t count)
{
    Nob_String_View sv;
    sv.count = count;
    sv.data = data;
    return sv;
}

NOBDEF Nob_String_View nob_sv_trim_left(Nob_String_View sv)
{
    size_t i = 0;
    while (i < sv.count && isspace(sv.data[i])) {
        i += 1;
    }

    return nob_sv_from_parts(sv.data + i, sv.count - i);
}

NOBDEF Nob_String_View nob_sv_trim_right(Nob_String_View sv)
{
    size_t i = 0;
    while (i < sv.count && isspace(sv.data[sv.count - 1 - i])) {
        i += 1;
    }

    return nob_sv_from_parts(sv.data, sv.count - i);
}

NOBDEF Nob_String_View nob_sv_trim(Nob_String_View sv)
{
    return nob_sv_trim_right(nob_sv_trim_left(sv));
}

NOBDEF Nob_String_View nob_sv_from_cstr(const char *cstr)
{
    return nob_sv_from_parts(cstr, strlen(cstr));
}

NOBDEF bool nob_sv_eq(Nob_String_View a, Nob_String_View b)
{
    if (a.count != b.count) {
        return false;
    } else {
        return memcmp(a.data, b.data, a.count) == 0;
    }
}

NOBDEF bool nob_sv_end_with(Nob_String_View sv, const char *cstr)
{
    size_t cstr_count = strlen(cstr);
    if (sv.count >= cstr_count) {
        size_t ending_start = sv.count - cstr_count;
        Nob_String_View sv_ending = nob_sv_from_parts(sv.data + ending_start, cstr_count);
        return nob_sv_eq(sv_ending, nob_sv_from_cstr(cstr));
    }
    return false;
}


NOBDEF bool nob_sv_starts_with(Nob_String_View sv, Nob_String_View expected_prefix)
{
    if (expected_prefix.count <= sv.count) {
        Nob_String_View actual_prefix = nob_sv_from_parts(sv.data, expected_prefix.count);
        return nob_sv_eq(expected_prefix, actual_prefix);
    }

    return false;
}

// RETURNS:
//  0 - file does not exists
//  1 - file exists
// -1 - error while checking if file exists. The error is logged
NOBDEF int nob_file_exists(const char *file_path)
{
#if _WIN32
    // TODO: distinguish between "does not exists" and other errors
    DWORD dwAttrib = GetFileAttributesA(file_path);
    return dwAttrib != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES;
#else
    struct stat statbuf;
    if (stat(file_path, &statbuf) < 0) {
        if (errno == ENOENT) return 0;
        nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "Could not check if file %s exists: %s", file_path, strerror(errno));
        return -1;
    }
    return 1;
#endif
}

NOBDEF const char *nob_get_current_dir_temp(void)
{
#ifdef _WIN32
    DWORD nBufferLength = GetCurrentDirectory(0, NULL);
    if (nBufferLength == 0) {
        nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "could not get current directory: %s", nob_win32_error_message(GetLastError()));
        return NULL;
    }

    char *buffer = (char*) nob_temp_alloc(nBufferLength);
    if (GetCurrentDirectory(nBufferLength, buffer) == 0) {
        nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "could not get current directory: %s", nob_win32_error_message(GetLastError()));
        return NULL;
    }

    return buffer;
#else
    char *buffer = (char*) nob_temp_alloc(PATH_MAX);
    if (getcwd(buffer, PATH_MAX) == NULL) {
        nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "could not get current directory: %s", strerror(errno));
        return NULL;
    }

    return buffer;
#endif // _WIN32
}

NOBDEF bool nob_set_current_dir(const char *path)
{
#ifdef _WIN32
    if (!SetCurrentDirectory(path)) {
        nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "could not set current directory to %s: %s", path, nob_win32_error_message(GetLastError()));
        return false;
    }
    return true;
#else
    if (chdir(path) < 0) {
        nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "could not set current directory to %s: %s", path, strerror(errno));
        return false;
    }
    return true;
#endif // _WIN32
}

// minirent.h SOURCE BEGIN ////////////////////////////////////////
#if defined(_WIN32) && !defined(NOB_NO_MINIRENT)
struct DIR
{
    HANDLE hFind;
    WIN32_FIND_DATA data;
    struct dirent *dirent;
};

NOBDEF DIR *opendir(const char *dirpath)
{
    NOB_ASSERT(dirpath);

    char buffer[MAX_PATH];
    snprintf(buffer, MAX_PATH, "%s\\*", dirpath);

    DIR *dir = (DIR*)NOB_REALLOC(NULL, sizeof(DIR));
    memset(dir, 0, sizeof(DIR));

    dir->hFind = FindFirstFile(buffer, &dir->data);
    if (dir->hFind == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
        // TODO: opendir should set errno accordingly on FindFirstFile fail
        // https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/errhandlingapi/nf-errhandlingapi-getlasterror
        errno = ENOSYS;
        goto fail;
    }

    return dir;

fail:
    if (dir) {
        NOB_FREE(dir);
    }

    return NULL;
}

NOBDEF struct dirent *readdir(DIR *dirp)
{
    NOB_ASSERT(dirp);

    if (dirp->dirent == NULL) {
        dirp->dirent = (struct dirent*)NOB_REALLOC(NULL, sizeof(struct dirent));
        memset(dirp->dirent, 0, sizeof(struct dirent));
    } else {
        if(!FindNextFile(dirp->hFind, &dirp->data)) {
            if (GetLastError() != ERROR_NO_MORE_FILES) {
                // TODO: readdir should set errno accordingly on FindNextFile fail
                // https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/errhandlingapi/nf-errhandlingapi-getlasterror
                errno = ENOSYS;
            }

            return NULL;
        }
    }

    memset(dirp->dirent->d_name, 0, sizeof(dirp->dirent->d_name));

    strncpy(
        dirp->dirent->d_name,
        dirp->data.cFileName,
        sizeof(dirp->dirent->d_name) - 1);

    return dirp->dirent;
}

NOBDEF int closedir(DIR *dirp)
{
    NOB_ASSERT(dirp);

    if(!FindClose(dirp->hFind)) {
        // TODO: closedir should set errno accordingly on FindClose fail
        // https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/errhandlingapi/nf-errhandlingapi-getlasterror
        errno = ENOSYS;
        return -1;
    }

    if (dirp->dirent) {
        NOB_FREE(dirp->dirent);
    }
    NOB_FREE(dirp);

    return 0;
}
#endif // _WIN32
// minirent.h SOURCE END ////////////////////////////////////////

#endif // NOB_IMPLEMENTATION

#ifndef NOB_STRIP_PREFIX_GUARD_
#define NOB_STRIP_PREFIX_GUARD_
    // NOTE: The name stripping should be part of the header so it's not accidentally included
    // several times. At the same time, it should be at the end of the file so to not create any
    // potential conflicts in the NOB_IMPLEMENTATION. The header obviously cannot be at the end
    // of the file because NOB_IMPLEMENTATION needs the forward declarations from there. So the
    // solution is to split the header into two parts where the name stripping part is at the
    // end of the file after the NOB_IMPLEMENTATION.
    #ifdef NOB_STRIP_PREFIX
        #define TODO NOB_TODO
        #define UNREACHABLE NOB_UNREACHABLE
        #define UNUSED NOB_UNUSED
        #define ARRAY_LEN NOB_ARRAY_LEN
        #define ARRAY_GET NOB_ARRAY_GET
        #define INFO NOB_INFO
        #define WARNING NOB_WARNING
        #define ERROR NOB_ERROR
        #define NO_LOGS NOB_NO_LOGS
        #define Log_Level Nob_Log_Level
        #define minimal_log_level nob_minimal_log_level
        // NOTE: Name log is already defined in math.h and historically always was the natural logarithmic function.
        // So there should be no reason to strip the `nob_` prefix in this specific case.
        // #define log nob_log
        #define shift nob_shift
        #define shift_args nob_shift_args
        #define File_Paths Nob_File_Paths
        #define FILE_REGULAR NOB_FILE_REGULAR
        #define FILE_DIRECTORY NOB_FILE_DIRECTORY
        #define FILE_SYMLINK NOB_FILE_SYMLINK
        #define FILE_OTHER NOB_FILE_OTHER
        #define File_Type Nob_File_Type
        #define mkdir_if_not_exists nob_mkdir_if_not_exists
        #define copy_file nob_copy_file
        #define copy_directory_recursively nob_copy_directory_recursively
        #define read_entire_dir nob_read_entire_dir
        #define write_entire_file nob_write_entire_file
        #define get_file_type nob_get_file_type
        #define delete_file nob_delete_file
        #define return_defer nob_return_defer
        #define da_append nob_da_append
        #define da_free nob_da_free
        #define da_append_many nob_da_append_many
        #define da_resize nob_da_resize
        #define da_reserve nob_da_reserve
        #define da_last nob_da_last
        #define da_remove_unordered nob_da_remove_unordered
        #define da_foreach nob_da_foreach
        #define String_Builder Nob_String_Builder
        #define read_entire_file nob_read_entire_file
        #define sb_appendf nob_sb_appendf
        #define sb_append_buf nob_sb_append_buf
        #define sb_append_cstr nob_sb_append_cstr
        #define sb_append_null nob_sb_append_null
        #define sb_free nob_sb_free
        #define Proc Nob_Proc
        #define INVALID_PROC NOB_INVALID_PROC
        #define Fd Nob_Fd
        #define INVALID_FD NOB_INVALID_FD
        #define fd_open_for_read nob_fd_open_for_read
        #define fd_open_for_write nob_fd_open_for_write
        #define fd_close nob_fd_close
        #define Procs Nob_Procs
        #define proc_wait nob_proc_wait
        #define procs_wait nob_procs_wait
        #define procs_wait_and_reset nob_procs_wait_and_reset
        #define procs_append_with_flush nob_procs_append_with_flush
        #define procs_flush nob_procs_flush
        #define Cmd Nob_Cmd
        #define Cmd_Redirect Nob_Cmd_Redirect
        #define Cmd_Opt Nob_Cmd_Opt
        #define cmd_run_opt nob_cmd_run_opt
        #define cmd_run nob_cmd_run
        #define cmd_render nob_cmd_render
        #define cmd_append nob_cmd_append
        #define cmd_extend nob_cmd_extend
        #define cmd_free nob_cmd_free
        #define cmd_run_async nob_cmd_run_async
        #define cmd_run_async_and_reset nob_cmd_run_async_and_reset
        #define cmd_run_async_redirect nob_cmd_run_async_redirect
        #define cmd_run_async_redirect_and_reset nob_cmd_run_async_redirect_and_reset
        #define cmd_run_sync nob_cmd_run_sync
        #define cmd_run_sync_and_reset nob_cmd_run_sync_and_reset
        #define cmd_run_sync_redirect nob_cmd_run_sync_redirect
        #define cmd_run_sync_redirect_and_reset nob_cmd_run_sync_redirect_and_reset
        #define temp_strdup nob_temp_strdup
        #define temp_alloc nob_temp_alloc
        #define temp_sprintf nob_temp_sprintf
        #define temp_reset nob_temp_reset
        #define temp_save nob_temp_save
        #define temp_rewind nob_temp_rewind
        #define path_name nob_path_name
        // NOTE: rename(2) is widely known POSIX function. We never wanna collide with it.
        // #define rename nob_rename
        #define needs_rebuild nob_needs_rebuild
        #define needs_rebuild1 nob_needs_rebuild1
        #define file_exists nob_file_exists
        #define get_current_dir_temp nob_get_current_dir_temp
        #define set_current_dir nob_set_current_dir
        #define String_View Nob_String_View
        #define temp_sv_to_cstr nob_temp_sv_to_cstr
        #define sv_chop_by_delim nob_sv_chop_by_delim
        #define sv_chop_left nob_sv_chop_left
        #define sv_trim nob_sv_trim
        #define sv_trim_left nob_sv_trim_left
        #define sv_trim_right nob_sv_trim_right
        #define sv_eq nob_sv_eq
        #define sv_starts_with nob_sv_starts_with
        #define sv_end_with nob_sv_end_with
        #define sv_from_cstr nob_sv_from_cstr
        #define sv_from_parts nob_sv_from_parts
        #define sb_to_sv nob_sb_to_sv
        #define win32_error_message nob_win32_error_message
        #define nprocs nob_nprocs
        #define nanos_since_unspecified_epoch nob_nanos_since_unspecified_epoch
        #define NANOS_PER_SEC NOB_NANOS_PER_SEC
    #endif // NOB_STRIP_PREFIX
#endif // NOB_STRIP_PREFIX_GUARD_

/*
   Revision history:

     1.23.0 (2025-08-22) Introduce new API for running commands (by @rexim, @programmerlexi, @0x152a)
                           - Add nob_cmd_run()
                           - Add nob_cmd_run_opt()
                           - Add struct Nob_Cmd_Opt
                           - Add nob_procs_flush()
                           - Add nob_nprocs()
                         Deprecate old API for running commands. (by @rexim)
                           We do not plan to delete this API any time, but we believe that the new one is more convenient.
                           - Deprecate struct Nob_Cmd_Redirect{} (it's not explicitly marked with NOB_DEPRECATED, but functions that use it are)
                           - Turn nob_cmd_run_async() into a function (otherwise it's not deprecatable with NOB_DEPRECATED)
                           - Deprecate nob_cmd_run_async()
                           - Deprecate nob_cmd_run_async_and_reset()
                           - Deprecate nob_cmd_run_async_redirect()
                           - Deprecate nob_cmd_run_async_redirect_and_reset()
                           - Deprecate nob_cmd_run_sync()
                           - Deprecate nob_cmd_run_sync_and_reset()
                           - Deprecate nob_cmd_run_sync_redirect()
                           - Deprecate nob_cmd_run_sync_redirect_and_reset()
                           - Deprecate nob_procs_append_with_flush()
                           - Deprecate nob_procs_wait_and_reset()
                         Introduce deprecation mechanism (by @yuI4140, @rexim)
                           By default, deprecation warnings are not reported. You have to #define NOB_WARN_DEPRECATED to enable them.
                           - Add NOB_DEPRECATED()
                           - Add NOB_WARN_DEPRECATED
                         Add NOB_DECLTYPE_CAST() for C++-compatible casting of allocation results (by @rexim)
                         Introduce basic performance measuring mechanism (By @mikmart)
                           - Add nob_nanos_since_unspecified_epoch()
                           - Add NOB_NANOS_PER_SEC
     1.22.0 (2025-08-12) Add NOBDEF macro to the beginning of function declarations (by @minefreak19)
                         Add more flags to MSVC nob_cc_flags() (by @PieVieRo)
     1.21.0 (2025-08-11) Add NOB_NO_MINIRENT guard for "minirent.h" (by @fietec)
     1.20.9 (2025-08-11) Fix warnings on Windows: Define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS, Rename mkdir to _mkdir (by @OetkenPurveyorOfCode)
     1.20.8 (2025-08-11) Fix the bug with nob_get_file_type() not identifying symlinks correctly on POSIX (By @samuellieberman)
     1.20.7 (2025-07-29) Align nob_temp_alloc() allocations by the word size (By @rexim)
     1.20.6 (2025-05-16) Never strip nob_* suffix from nob_rename (By @rexim)
     1.20.5 (2025-05-16) NOB_PRINTF_FORMAT() support for MinGW (By @KillerxDBr)
     1.20.4 (2025-05-16) More reliable rendering of the Windows command (By @vylsaz)
     1.20.3 (2025-05-16) Add check for __clang__ along with _MSC_VER checks (By @nashiora)
     1.20.2 (2025-04-24) Report the program name that failed to start up in nob_cmd_run_async_redirect() (By @rexim)
     1.20.1 (2025-04-16) Use vsnprintf() in nob_sb_appendf() instead of vsprintf() (By @LainLayer)
     1.20.0 (2025-04-16) Introduce nob_cc(), nob_cc_flags(), nob_cc_inputs(), nob_cc_output() macros (By @rexim)
     1.19.0 (2025-03-25) Add nob_procs_append_with_flush() (By @rexim and @anion155)
     1.18.0 (2025-03-24) Add nob_da_foreach() (By @rexim)
                         Allow file sizes greater than 2GB to be read on windows (By @satchelfrost and @KillerxDBr)
                         Fix nob_fd_open_for_write behaviour on windows so it truncates the opened files (By @twixuss)
     1.17.0 (2025-03-16) Factor out nob_da_reserve() (By @rexim)
                         Add nob_sb_appendf() (By @angelcaru)
     1.16.1 (2025-03-16) Make nob_da_resize() exponentially grow capacity similar to no_da_append_many()
     1.16.0 (2025-03-16) Introduce NOB_PRINTF_FORMAT
     1.15.1 (2025-03-16) Make nob.h compilable in gcc/clang with -std=c99 on POSIX. This includes:
                           not using strsignal()
                           using S_IS* stat macros instead of S_IF* flags
     1.15.0 (2025-03-03) Add nob_sv_chop_left()
     1.14.1 (2025-03-02) Add NOB_EXPERIMENTAL_DELETE_OLD flag that enables deletion of nob.old in Go Rebuild Urself™ Technology
     1.14.0 (2025-02-17) Add nob_da_last()
                         Add nob_da_remove_unordered()
     1.13.1 (2025-02-17) Fix segfault in nob_delete_file() (By @SileNce5k)
     1.13.0 (2025-02-11) Add nob_da_resize() (By @satchelfrost)
     1.12.0 (2025-02-04) Add nob_delete_file()
                         Add nob_sv_start_with()
     1.11.0 (2025-02-04) Add NOB_GO_REBUILD_URSELF_PLUS() (By @rexim)
     1.10.0 (2025-02-04) Make NOB_ASSERT, NOB_REALLOC, and NOB_FREE redefinable (By @OleksiiBulba)
      1.9.1 (2025-02-04) Fix signature of nob_get_current_dir_temp() (By @julianstoerig)
      1.9.0 (2024-11-06) Add Nob_Cmd_Redirect mechanism (By @rexim)
                         Add nob_path_name() (By @0dminnimda)
      1.8.0 (2024-11-03) Add nob_cmd_extend() (By @0dminnimda)
      1.7.0 (2024-11-03) Add nob_win32_error_message and NOB_WIN32_ERR_MSG_SIZE (By @KillerxDBr)
      1.6.0 (2024-10-27) Add nob_cmd_run_sync_and_reset()
                         Add nob_sb_to_sv()
                         Add nob_procs_wait_and_reset()
      1.5.1 (2024-10-25) Include limits.h for Linux musl libc (by @pgalkin)
      1.5.0 (2024-10-23) Add nob_get_current_dir_temp()
                         Add nob_set_current_dir()
      1.4.0 (2024-10-21) Fix UX issues with NOB_GO_REBUILD_URSELF on Windows when you call nob without the .exe extension (By @pgalkin)
                         Add nob_sv_end_with (By @pgalkin)
      1.3.2 (2024-10-21) Fix unreachable error in nob_log on passing NOB_NO_LOGS
      1.3.1 (2024-10-21) Fix redeclaration error for minimal_log_level (By @KillerxDBr)
      1.3.0 (2024-10-17) Add NOB_UNREACHABLE
      1.2.2 (2024-10-16) Fix compilation of nob_cmd_run_sync_and_reset on Windows (By @KillerxDBr)
      1.2.1 (2024-10-16) Add a separate include guard for NOB_STRIP_PREFIX.
      1.2.0 (2024-10-15) Make NOB_DA_INIT_CAP redefinable
                         Add NOB_STRIP_PREFIX which strips off nob_* prefix from all the user facing names
                         Add NOB_UNUSED macro
                         Add NOB_TODO macro
                         Add nob_sv_trim_left and nob_sv_trim_right declarations to the header part
      1.1.1 (2024-10-15) Remove forward declaration for is_path1_modified_after_path2
      1.1.0 (2024-10-15) nob_minimal_log_level
                         nob_cmd_run_sync_and_reset
      1.0.0 (2024-10-15) first release based on https://github.com/tsoding/musializer/blob/4ac7cce9874bc19e02d8c160c8c6229de8919401/nob.h
*/

/*
   Version Conventions:

      We are following https://semver.org/ so the version has a format MAJOR.MINOR.PATCH:
      - Modifying comments does not update the version.
      - PATCH is incremented in case of a bug fix or refactoring without touching the API.
      - MINOR is incremented when new functions and/or types are added in a way that does
        not break any existing user code. We want to do this in the majority of the situation.
        If we want to delete a certain function or type in favor of another one we should
        just add the new function/type and deprecate the old one in a backward compatible way
        and let them co-exist for a while.
      - MAJOR update should be just a periodic cleanup of the DEPRECATED functions and types
        without really modifying any existing functionality.
      - Breaking backward compatibility in a MINOR release should be considered a bug and
        should be promptly fixed in the next PATCH release.

   Naming Conventions:

      - All the user facing names should be prefixed with `nob_` or `NOB_` depending on the case.
      - The prefixes of non-redefinable names should be strippable with NOB_STRIP_PREFIX (unless
        explicitly stated otherwise like in case of nob_log).
      - Internal functions should be prefixed with `nob__` (double underscore).
*/

/*
   ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   This software is available under 2 licenses -- choose whichever you prefer.
   ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   ALTERNATIVE A - MIT License
   Copyright (c) 2024 Alexey Kutepov
   Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of
   this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in
   the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to
   use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies
   of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do
   so, subject to the following conditions:
   The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
   copies or substantial portions of the Software.
   THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
   IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
   FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
   AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
   LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
   OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
   SOFTWARE.
   ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   ALTERNATIVE B - Public Domain (www.unlicense.org)
   This is free and unencumbered software released into the public domain.
   Anyone is free to copy, modify, publish, use, compile, sell, or distribute this
   software, either in source code form or as a compiled binary, for any purpose,
   commercial or non-commercial, and by any means.
   In jurisdictions that recognize copyright laws, the author or authors of this
   software dedicate any and all copyright interest in the software to the public
   domain. We make this dedication for the benefit of the public at large and to
   the detriment of our heirs and successors. We intend this dedication to be an
   overt act of relinquishment in perpetuity of all present and future rights to
   this software under copyright law.
   THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
   IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
   FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
   AUTHORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN
   ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
   WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
   ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*/