diff --git a/docs/release_notes.rst b/docs/release_notes.rst
index 45fe8ec9..799767b2 100644
--- a/docs/release_notes.rst
+++ b/docs/release_notes.rst
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ Upcoming Release
   
 ..   The features listed below are not released yet, but will be part of the next release! 
 ..   To use the features already you have to use the ``master`` branch.
+* Added the specific process emissions for clinker production that are unavoidable.
 
 * Adding `Enhanced Weathering` (or Rocks) as CDR technology. (https://github.com/PyPSA/technology-data/pull/256)
 
diff --git a/inputs/manual_input.csv b/inputs/manual_input.csv
index 78a3622a..862846f4 100644
--- a/inputs/manual_input.csv
+++ b/inputs/manual_input.csv
@@ -544,6 +544,7 @@ cement dry clinker,lifetime,2006,30,years,2015,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model,
 cement dry clinker,gas-input,2006,0.00016,MWh_NG/t_clinker,2015,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 0.0058 PJ per Mt clinker
 cement dry clinker,electricity-input,2006,0.0694,MWh_el/t_clinker,2015,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 0.25 PJ per Mt clinker
 cement dry clinker,heat-input,2006,0.9444,MWh_th/t_CO2,2015,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 3.4 PJ per Mt clinker
+cement dry clinker,carbondioxide-output,2006,0.52,t_CO2/t_clinker,2015,"https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/efdb/ef_detail.php", Basic Search Description 'Emission factor for clinker production' EF ID 213926 Original value 0.52 per Mt clinker
 cement finishing,investment,2006,87600,EUR/t_cement/h,2015,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original value 10 EUR/t/year
 cement finishing,FOM,2006,30,%/year,2015,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",
 cement finishing,VOM,2006,3,EUR/t_cement,2015,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",
diff --git a/outputs/US/costs_2020.csv b/outputs/US/costs_2020.csv
index 85987f8a..319dddcb 100644
--- a/outputs/US/costs_2020.csv
+++ b/outputs/US/costs_2020.csv
@@ -3677,7 +3677,8 @@ cement carbon capture retrofit,gas-input,0.76,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Counc
 cement carbon capture retrofit,investment,3253638.9129,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 247 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 842000  t/year",2025.0,,
 cement carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0,,
 cement dry clinker,FOM,4.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0,,
-cement dry clinker,VOM,6.679,EUR/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2025.0,,
+cement dry clinker,VOM,6.679,EUR/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0,,
+cement dry clinker,carbondioxide-output,0.52,t_CO2/t_clinker,https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/efdb/ef_detail.php, Basic Search Description 'Emission factor for clinker production' EF ID 213926 Original value 0.52 per Mt clinker,2015.0,,
 cement dry clinker,electricity-input,0.0694,MWh_el/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 0.25 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0,,
 cement dry clinker,gas-input,0.0002,MWh_NG/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 0.0058 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0,,
 cement dry clinker,heat-input,0.9444,MWh_th/t_CO2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 3.4 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0,,
diff --git a/outputs/US/costs_2025.csv b/outputs/US/costs_2025.csv
index 96f33842..eddee8c3 100644
--- a/outputs/US/costs_2025.csv
+++ b/outputs/US/costs_2025.csv
@@ -3757,7 +3757,8 @@ cement carbon capture retrofit,gas-input,0.76,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Counc
 cement carbon capture retrofit,investment,3253638.9129,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 247 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 842000  t/year",2025.0,,
 cement carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0,,
 cement dry clinker,FOM,4.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0,,
-cement dry clinker,VOM,6.679,EUR/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2025.0,,
+cement dry clinker,VOM,6.679,EUR/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0,,
+cement dry clinker,carbondioxide-output,0.52,t_CO2/t_clinker,https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/efdb/ef_detail.php, Basic Search Description 'Emission factor for clinker production' EF ID 213926 Original value 0.52 per Mt clinker,2015.0,,
 cement dry clinker,electricity-input,0.0694,MWh_el/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 0.25 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0,,
 cement dry clinker,gas-input,0.0002,MWh_NG/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 0.0058 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0,,
 cement dry clinker,heat-input,0.9444,MWh_th/t_CO2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 3.4 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0,,
diff --git a/outputs/US/costs_2030.csv b/outputs/US/costs_2030.csv
index 0b94595e..34fceeea 100644
--- a/outputs/US/costs_2030.csv
+++ b/outputs/US/costs_2030.csv
@@ -3913,7 +3913,8 @@ cement carbon capture retrofit,gas-input,0.76,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Counc
 cement carbon capture retrofit,investment,3253638.9129,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 247 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 842000  t/year",2025.0,,
 cement carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0,,
 cement dry clinker,FOM,4.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0,,
-cement dry clinker,VOM,6.679,EUR/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2025.0,,
+cement dry clinker,VOM,6.679,EUR/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0,,
+cement dry clinker,carbondioxide-output,0.52,t_CO2/t_clinker,https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/efdb/ef_detail.php, Basic Search Description 'Emission factor for clinker production' EF ID 213926 Original value 0.52 per Mt clinker,2015.0,,
 cement dry clinker,electricity-input,0.0694,MWh_el/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 0.25 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0,,
 cement dry clinker,gas-input,0.0002,MWh_NG/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 0.0058 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0,,
 cement dry clinker,heat-input,0.9444,MWh_th/t_CO2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 3.4 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0,,
diff --git a/outputs/US/costs_2035.csv b/outputs/US/costs_2035.csv
index f5b78a24..c069f24e 100644
--- a/outputs/US/costs_2035.csv
+++ b/outputs/US/costs_2035.csv
@@ -3937,7 +3937,8 @@ cement carbon capture retrofit,gas-input,0.76,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Counc
 cement carbon capture retrofit,investment,3253638.9129,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 247 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 842000  t/year",2025.0,,
 cement carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0,,
 cement dry clinker,FOM,4.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0,,
-cement dry clinker,VOM,6.679,EUR/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2025.0,,
+cement dry clinker,VOM,6.679,EUR/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0,,
+cement dry clinker,carbondioxide-output,0.52,t_CO2/t_clinker,https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/efdb/ef_detail.php, Basic Search Description 'Emission factor for clinker production' EF ID 213926 Original value 0.52 per Mt clinker,2015.0,,
 cement dry clinker,electricity-input,0.0694,MWh_el/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 0.25 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0,,
 cement dry clinker,gas-input,0.0002,MWh_NG/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 0.0058 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0,,
 cement dry clinker,heat-input,0.9444,MWh_th/t_CO2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 3.4 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0,,
diff --git a/outputs/US/costs_2040.csv b/outputs/US/costs_2040.csv
index ad0da76b..c9988a7d 100644
--- a/outputs/US/costs_2040.csv
+++ b/outputs/US/costs_2040.csv
@@ -3937,7 +3937,8 @@ cement carbon capture retrofit,gas-input,0.76,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Counc
 cement carbon capture retrofit,investment,3253638.9129,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 247 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 842000  t/year",2025.0,,
 cement carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0,,
 cement dry clinker,FOM,4.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0,,
-cement dry clinker,VOM,6.679,EUR/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2025.0,,
+cement dry clinker,VOM,6.679,EUR/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0,,
+cement dry clinker,carbondioxide-output,0.52,t_CO2/t_clinker,https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/efdb/ef_detail.php, Basic Search Description 'Emission factor for clinker production' EF ID 213926 Original value 0.52 per Mt clinker,2015.0,,
 cement dry clinker,electricity-input,0.0694,MWh_el/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 0.25 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0,,
 cement dry clinker,gas-input,0.0002,MWh_NG/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 0.0058 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0,,
 cement dry clinker,heat-input,0.9444,MWh_th/t_CO2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 3.4 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0,,
diff --git a/outputs/US/costs_2045.csv b/outputs/US/costs_2045.csv
index ae33221b..d5692b4f 100644
--- a/outputs/US/costs_2045.csv
+++ b/outputs/US/costs_2045.csv
@@ -3937,7 +3937,8 @@ cement carbon capture retrofit,gas-input,0.76,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Counc
 cement carbon capture retrofit,investment,3253638.9129,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 247 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 842000  t/year",2025.0,,
 cement carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0,,
 cement dry clinker,FOM,4.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0,,
-cement dry clinker,VOM,6.679,EUR/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2025.0,,
+cement dry clinker,VOM,6.679,EUR/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0,,
+cement dry clinker,carbondioxide-output,0.52,t_CO2/t_clinker,https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/efdb/ef_detail.php, Basic Search Description 'Emission factor for clinker production' EF ID 213926 Original value 0.52 per Mt clinker,2015.0,,
 cement dry clinker,electricity-input,0.0694,MWh_el/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 0.25 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0,,
 cement dry clinker,gas-input,0.0002,MWh_NG/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 0.0058 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0,,
 cement dry clinker,heat-input,0.9444,MWh_th/t_CO2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 3.4 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0,,
diff --git a/outputs/US/costs_2050.csv b/outputs/US/costs_2050.csv
index 07d83451..60b61588 100644
--- a/outputs/US/costs_2050.csv
+++ b/outputs/US/costs_2050.csv
@@ -3937,7 +3937,8 @@ cement carbon capture retrofit,gas-input,0.76,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Counc
 cement carbon capture retrofit,investment,3253638.9129,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 247 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 842000  t/year",2025.0,,
 cement carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0,,
 cement dry clinker,FOM,4.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0,,
-cement dry clinker,VOM,6.679,EUR/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2025.0,,
+cement dry clinker,VOM,6.679,EUR/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0,,
+cement dry clinker,carbondioxide-output,0.52,t_CO2/t_clinker,https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/efdb/ef_detail.php, Basic Search Description 'Emission factor for clinker production' EF ID 213926 Original value 0.52 per Mt clinker,2015.0,,
 cement dry clinker,electricity-input,0.0694,MWh_el/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 0.25 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0,,
 cement dry clinker,gas-input,0.0002,MWh_NG/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 0.0058 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0,,
 cement dry clinker,heat-input,0.9444,MWh_th/t_CO2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 3.4 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0,,
diff --git a/outputs/costs_2020.csv b/outputs/costs_2020.csv
index c8481ade..72f3fc55 100644
--- a/outputs/costs_2020.csv
+++ b/outputs/costs_2020.csv
@@ -753,7 +753,8 @@ cement carbon capture retrofit,gas-input,0.76,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Counc
 cement carbon capture retrofit,investment,3253638.9129,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 247 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 842000  t/year",2025.0
 cement carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0
 cement dry clinker,FOM,4.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0
-cement dry clinker,VOM,6.679,EUR/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2025.0
+cement dry clinker,VOM,6.679,EUR/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0
+cement dry clinker,carbondioxide-output,0.52,t_CO2/t_clinker,https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/efdb/ef_detail.php, Basic Search Description 'Emission factor for clinker production' EF ID 213926 Original value 0.52 per Mt clinker,2015.0
 cement dry clinker,electricity-input,0.0694,MWh_el/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 0.25 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0
 cement dry clinker,gas-input,0.0002,MWh_NG/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 0.0058 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0
 cement dry clinker,heat-input,0.9444,MWh_th/t_CO2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 3.4 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0
diff --git a/outputs/costs_2025.csv b/outputs/costs_2025.csv
index bea2e34d..048eb74c 100644
--- a/outputs/costs_2025.csv
+++ b/outputs/costs_2025.csv
@@ -753,7 +753,8 @@ cement carbon capture retrofit,gas-input,0.76,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Counc
 cement carbon capture retrofit,investment,3253638.9129,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 247 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 842000  t/year",2025.0
 cement carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0
 cement dry clinker,FOM,4.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0
-cement dry clinker,VOM,6.679,EUR/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2025.0
+cement dry clinker,VOM,6.679,EUR/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0
+cement dry clinker,carbondioxide-output,0.52,t_CO2/t_clinker,https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/efdb/ef_detail.php, Basic Search Description 'Emission factor for clinker production' EF ID 213926 Original value 0.52 per Mt clinker,2015.0
 cement dry clinker,electricity-input,0.0694,MWh_el/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 0.25 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0
 cement dry clinker,gas-input,0.0002,MWh_NG/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 0.0058 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0
 cement dry clinker,heat-input,0.9444,MWh_th/t_CO2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 3.4 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0
diff --git a/outputs/costs_2030.csv b/outputs/costs_2030.csv
index 331c7656..a3115cb4 100644
--- a/outputs/costs_2030.csv
+++ b/outputs/costs_2030.csv
@@ -753,7 +753,8 @@ cement carbon capture retrofit,gas-input,0.76,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Counc
 cement carbon capture retrofit,investment,3253638.9129,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 247 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 842000  t/year",2025.0
 cement carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0
 cement dry clinker,FOM,4.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0
-cement dry clinker,VOM,6.679,EUR/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2025.0
+cement dry clinker,VOM,6.679,EUR/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0
+cement dry clinker,carbondioxide-output,0.52,t_CO2/t_clinker,https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/efdb/ef_detail.php, Basic Search Description 'Emission factor for clinker production' EF ID 213926 Original value 0.52 per Mt clinker,2015.0
 cement dry clinker,electricity-input,0.0694,MWh_el/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 0.25 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0
 cement dry clinker,gas-input,0.0002,MWh_NG/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 0.0058 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0
 cement dry clinker,heat-input,0.9444,MWh_th/t_CO2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 3.4 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0
diff --git a/outputs/costs_2035.csv b/outputs/costs_2035.csv
index 5a041847..6c456cb6 100644
--- a/outputs/costs_2035.csv
+++ b/outputs/costs_2035.csv
@@ -753,7 +753,8 @@ cement carbon capture retrofit,gas-input,0.76,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Counc
 cement carbon capture retrofit,investment,3253638.9129,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 247 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 842000  t/year",2025.0
 cement carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0
 cement dry clinker,FOM,4.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0
-cement dry clinker,VOM,6.679,EUR/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2025.0
+cement dry clinker,VOM,6.679,EUR/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0
+cement dry clinker,carbondioxide-output,0.52,t_CO2/t_clinker,https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/efdb/ef_detail.php, Basic Search Description 'Emission factor for clinker production' EF ID 213926 Original value 0.52 per Mt clinker,2015.0
 cement dry clinker,electricity-input,0.0694,MWh_el/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 0.25 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0
 cement dry clinker,gas-input,0.0002,MWh_NG/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 0.0058 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0
 cement dry clinker,heat-input,0.9444,MWh_th/t_CO2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 3.4 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0
diff --git a/outputs/costs_2040.csv b/outputs/costs_2040.csv
index 0c2ddfe1..443454bc 100644
--- a/outputs/costs_2040.csv
+++ b/outputs/costs_2040.csv
@@ -753,7 +753,8 @@ cement carbon capture retrofit,gas-input,0.76,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Counc
 cement carbon capture retrofit,investment,3253638.9129,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 247 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 842000  t/year",2025.0
 cement carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0
 cement dry clinker,FOM,4.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0
-cement dry clinker,VOM,6.679,EUR/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2025.0
+cement dry clinker,VOM,6.679,EUR/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0
+cement dry clinker,carbondioxide-output,0.52,t_CO2/t_clinker,https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/efdb/ef_detail.php, Basic Search Description 'Emission factor for clinker production' EF ID 213926 Original value 0.52 per Mt clinker,2015.0
 cement dry clinker,electricity-input,0.0694,MWh_el/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 0.25 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0
 cement dry clinker,gas-input,0.0002,MWh_NG/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 0.0058 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0
 cement dry clinker,heat-input,0.9444,MWh_th/t_CO2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 3.4 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0
diff --git a/outputs/costs_2045.csv b/outputs/costs_2045.csv
index 85ced9f3..68c62a47 100644
--- a/outputs/costs_2045.csv
+++ b/outputs/costs_2045.csv
@@ -753,7 +753,8 @@ cement carbon capture retrofit,gas-input,0.76,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Counc
 cement carbon capture retrofit,investment,3253638.9129,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 247 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 842000  t/year",2025.0
 cement carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0
 cement dry clinker,FOM,4.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0
-cement dry clinker,VOM,6.679,EUR/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2025.0
+cement dry clinker,VOM,6.679,EUR/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0
+cement dry clinker,carbondioxide-output,0.52,t_CO2/t_clinker,https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/efdb/ef_detail.php, Basic Search Description 'Emission factor for clinker production' EF ID 213926 Original value 0.52 per Mt clinker,2015.0
 cement dry clinker,electricity-input,0.0694,MWh_el/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 0.25 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0
 cement dry clinker,gas-input,0.0002,MWh_NG/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 0.0058 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0
 cement dry clinker,heat-input,0.9444,MWh_th/t_CO2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 3.4 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0
diff --git a/outputs/costs_2050.csv b/outputs/costs_2050.csv
index ef177be0..f99734d8 100644
--- a/outputs/costs_2050.csv
+++ b/outputs/costs_2050.csv
@@ -753,7 +753,8 @@ cement carbon capture retrofit,gas-input,0.76,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Counc
 cement carbon capture retrofit,investment,3253638.9129,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 247 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 842000  t/year",2025.0
 cement carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0
 cement dry clinker,FOM,4.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0
-cement dry clinker,VOM,6.679,EUR/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2025.0
+cement dry clinker,VOM,6.679,EUR/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0
+cement dry clinker,carbondioxide-output,0.52,t_CO2/t_clinker,https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/efdb/ef_detail.php, Basic Search Description 'Emission factor for clinker production' EF ID 213926 Original value 0.52 per Mt clinker,2015.0
 cement dry clinker,electricity-input,0.0694,MWh_el/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 0.25 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0
 cement dry clinker,gas-input,0.0002,MWh_NG/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 0.0058 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0
 cement dry clinker,heat-input,0.9444,MWh_th/t_CO2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 3.4 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0