Linux-File-Security/Week2 commands.txt at main · Purefekt/Linux-File-Security · GitHub

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Week2 commands [Veer Singh]

>>> username: root
>>> password: INBMA0634L

Make a duplicate sesson on putty and login with root

>>> username: root
>>> password: INBMA0634L

Everything is a file in Linux operating system

>> cd ..
go one level up in the file system heirarchy

>>> cd ~
go to the home folder or root for root user

>>> cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/
go to the network-scripts directory inside sysconfig directory inside etc

>>> ls
list files in a directory

>>> ls -a
lists all files including hidden files. "." file is the current directory ".." is the previous directiry.

>>> cd ~
>>> ls -a
blue ones are directories and normal ones are files, navigate to the same in midnight commander putty and see the files.

>>> ls -l
shows some more information about the files inside the pwd, like permissions, owner, time modified

>>> ls -al
mixes -a and -l into one

>>ls -al /etc
lets us view the contents of /etc without changing directories

>>> cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/
>>> ls -la
>>> file ifcfg-enp0s3
>>> file /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts
file command shows us the type of file, is it a ASCII text file or a directory or something else

>>> ls -ali
show the inode number for all files

>>> ls -ali -d
shows the inode and other info for directories in the pwd

>>> lsblk
>>> lsblk -f
shows a list of block devices. block devices can be hard drives, CD-ROMSs , RAMs, etc
We can see we have 2 block devices. sda has 3 partitions
-f shows more information like file system type

>>> ps
lists current processes

>>> cat >/root/hello.txt
>>> hello
>>> control+c
add data to a text file

Creating a new regular user
>>> useradd user1
>>> passwd user1
>>> 1234
>>> 1234

Open a new duplicate putty session and log in as user1
>>> user: user1
>>> password: 1234

>>>user1>>> id
shows user and group IDs
Currenty user name is user1, group is also user1 and currently user1 is member of user1 group

>>>user1>>> cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/
>>>user1>>> ls -ld
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 26 Feb  7 08:41 .
First 3 are the rights of root user
Second 3 are the rights of members of root group
Last 3 are the rights of other users
r - read
w - write
x - execute

>>>user1>>> ls -la /home/
drwxr-xr-x.  3 root  root   19 Apr 12 07:00 .
dr-xr-xr-x. 17 root  root  224 Feb  7 08:27 ..
drwx------.  2 user1 user1  62 Apr 12 07:00 user1
Here we can see that only user1(and root) have access to /home/user1