diff --git a/ngclearn/components/input_encoders/ganglionCell.py b/ngclearn/components/input_encoders/ganglionCell.py
index 5f707280..b1b223ed 100644
--- a/ngclearn/components/input_encoders/ganglionCell.py
+++ b/ngclearn/components/input_encoders/ganglionCell.py
@@ -131,7 +131,6 @@ def __init__(self, name: str,
         self.n_cells = n_cells
         self.sigma = sigma
 
-        self.batch_size = batch_size
         self.area_shape = area_shape
         self.patch_shape = patch_shape
         self.step_shape = step_shape
@@ -144,10 +143,10 @@ def __init__(self, name: str,
             filter = create_dog_filter(patch_shape=self.patch_shape, sigma=sigma)
 
         # ═════════════════ compartments initial values ════════════════════
-        in_restVals = jnp.zeros((self.batch_size,
+        in_restVals = jnp.zeros((batch_size,
                                  *self.area_shape))    ## input: (B | ix | iy)
 
-        out_restVals = jnp.zeros((self.batch_size,     ## output.shape: (B | n_cells * px * py)
+        out_restVals = jnp.zeros((batch_size,     ## output.shape: (B | n_cells * px * py)
                                   self.n_cells * self.patch_shape[0] * self.patch_shape[1]))
 
         # ═══════════════════ set compartments ══════════════════════
@@ -176,11 +175,11 @@ def advance_state(self, t):
         self.outputs.set(outputs)
 
     @compilable
-    def reset(self):
-        in_restVals = jnp.zeros((self.batch_size,
+    def reset(self, batch_size):
+        in_restVals = jnp.zeros((batch_size,
                                  *self.area_shape))      ## input: (B | ix | iy)
 
-        out_restVals = jnp.zeros((self.batch_size,      ## output.shape: (B | n_cells * px * py)
+        out_restVals = jnp.zeros((batch_size,      ## output.shape: (B | n_cells * px * py)
                                   self.n_cells * self.patch_shape[0] * self.patch_shape[1]))
 
         self.inputs.set(in_restVals)
diff --git a/ngclearn/components/neurons/graded/gaussianErrorCell.py b/ngclearn/components/neurons/graded/gaussianErrorCell.py
index 776dad46..a3d0a1eb 100755
--- a/ngclearn/components/neurons/graded/gaussianErrorCell.py
+++ b/ngclearn/components/neurons/graded/gaussianErrorCell.py
@@ -48,7 +48,6 @@ def __init__(self, name, n_units, batch_size=1, sigma=1., shape=None, **kwargs):
         self.sigma_shape = sigma_shape
         self.shape = shape
         self.n_units = n_units
-        self.batch_size = batch_size
 
         ## Convolution shape setup
         self.width = self.height = n_units
@@ -108,10 +107,10 @@ def advance_state(self, dt): ## compute Gaussian error cell output
     # @transition(output_compartments=["dmu", "dtarget", "dSigma", "target", "mu", "modulator", "L", "mask"])
     # @staticmethod
     @compilable
-    def reset(self): ## reset core components/statistics
-        _shape = (self.batch_size, self.shape[0])
+    def reset(self, batch_size): ## reset core components/statistics
+        _shape = (batch_size, self.shape[0])
         if len(self.shape) > 1:
-            _shape = (self.batch_size, self.shape[0], self.shape[1], self.shape[2])
+            _shape = (batch_size, self.shape[0], self.shape[1], self.shape[2])
         restVals = jnp.zeros(_shape)
         dmu = restVals
         dtarget = restVals
diff --git a/ngclearn/components/neurons/graded/rateCell.py b/ngclearn/components/neurons/graded/rateCell.py
index 3cf50a22..c2628a1e 100755
--- a/ngclearn/components/neurons/graded/rateCell.py
+++ b/ngclearn/components/neurons/graded/rateCell.py
@@ -252,10 +252,10 @@ def advance_state(self, dt):
         self.zF.set(zF)
 
     @compilable
-    def reset(self): #, batch_size, shape): #n_units
-        _shape = (self.batch_size, self.shape[0])
+    def reset(self, batch_size):
+        _shape = (batch_size, self.shape[0])
         if len(self.shape) > 1:
-            _shape = (self.batch_size, self.shape[0], self.shape[1], self.shape[2])
+            _shape = (batch_size, self.shape[0], self.shape[1], self.shape[2])
         restVals = jnp.zeros(_shape)
         self.j.set(restVals)
         self.j_td.set(restVals)
diff --git a/ngclearn/components/synapses/patched/hebbianPatchedSynapse.py b/ngclearn/components/synapses/patched/hebbianPatchedSynapse.py
index a82ccf6a..a67a4c1d 100644
--- a/ngclearn/components/synapses/patched/hebbianPatchedSynapse.py
+++ b/ngclearn/components/synapses/patched/hebbianPatchedSynapse.py
@@ -281,9 +281,9 @@ def evolve(self):
         self.dBiases.set(dBiases)
 
     @compilable
-    def reset(self):
-        preVals = jnp.zeros((self.batch_size, self.shape[0]))
-        postVals = jnp.zeros((self.batch_size, self.shape[1]))
+    def reset(self, batch_size):
+        preVals = jnp.zeros((batch_size, self.shape[0]))
+        postVals = jnp.zeros((batch_size, self.shape[1]))
         # BUG: the self.inputs here does not have the targeted field
         # NOTE: Quick workaround is to check if targeted is in the input or not
         hasattr(self.inputs, "targeted") and not self.inputs.targeted and self.inputs.set(preVals) # inputs
diff --git a/ngclearn/components/synapses/patched/patchedSynapse.py b/ngclearn/components/synapses/patched/patchedSynapse.py
index 215cc278..1d98cf29 100644
--- a/ngclearn/components/synapses/patched/patchedSynapse.py
+++ b/ngclearn/components/synapses/patched/patchedSynapse.py
@@ -167,9 +167,9 @@ def advance_state(self):
         self.pre_out.set(pre_out)
 
     @compilable
-    def reset(self):
-        preVals = jnp.zeros((self.batch_size, self.shape[0]))
-        postVals = jnp.zeros((self.batch_size, self.shape[1]))
+    def reset(self, batch_size):
+        preVals = jnp.zeros((batch_size, self.shape[0]))
+        postVals = jnp.zeros((batch_size, self.shape[1]))
         
         # BUG: the self.inputs here does not have the targeted field
         # NOTE: Quick workaround is to check if targeted is in the input or not