the chmod command sets the permissions of files or directories.
Syntax
chmod [OPTION]... MODE[,MODE]... FILE...
chmod [OPTION]... OCTAL-MODE FILE...
chmod [OPTION]... --reference=RFILE FILE...
| Options | Description |
|---|---|
| -c, --changes | Like --verbose, but gives verbose output only when a change is actually made. |
| -f, --silent, --quiet | Quiet mode; suppress most error messages. |
| -v, --verbose | Verbose mode; output a diagnostic message for every file processed. |
| --no-preserve-root | Do not treat '/' (the root directory) in any special way, which is the default setting. |
| --preserve-root | Do not operate recursively on '/'. |
| --reference=RFILE | Set permissions to match those of file RFILE, ignoring any specified MODE. |
| -R, --recursive | Change files and directories recursively. |
| --help | Display a help message and exit. |
| --version | Output version information and exit. |
Examples
- chmod 644 file.htm
Set the permissions of file.htm to "owner can read and write; group can read only; others can read only".
- chmod -R 755 myfiles
Recursively (-R) Change the permissions of the directory myfiles, and all folders and files it contains, to mode 755: User can read, write, and execute; group members and other users can read and execute, but cannot write.
- chmod u=rw example.jpg
Change the permissions for the owner of example.jpg so that the owner may read and write the file. Do not change the permissions for the group, or for others.