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<!-- navigation toc: --><li><ahref="#ex6-one-qubit-basis-and-pauli-matrices" style="font-size: 80%;">Ex6: One-qubit basis and Pauli matrices</a></li>
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<!-- navigation toc: --><li><ahref="#ex7-hadamard-and-phase-gates" style="font-size: 80%;">Ex7: Hadamard and Phase gates</a></li>
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</p>
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<h2id="exercise-1-bell-states" class="anchor">Exercise 1: Bell states </h2>
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<h2id="ex1-bell-states" class="anchor">Ex1: Bell states </h2>
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<p>Show that the so-called Bell states listed here (and to be encountered many times in this course) form an orthogonal basis</p>
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$$
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<h2id="exercise-2-entangled-state" class="anchor">Exercise 2: Entangled state </h2>
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<h2id="ex2-entangled-state" class="anchor">Ex2: Entangled state </h2>
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<p>Show that the state \( \alpha \vert 00\rangle+\beta\vert 11\rangle \) cannot be written as the product of the tensor product of two states and is thus entangle. The constants \( \alpha \) and \( \beta \) are both nonzero.</p>
<li> \( [\hat{A},[\hat{B}\hat{C}]]= [\hat{B},[\hat{C},\hat{A}]]+[\hat{C},[\hat{A},\hat{B}]]=0 \) (the so-called Jacobi identity).</li>
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</ol>
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<!-- !split -->
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<h2id="exercise-4-pauli-matrices" class="anchor">Exercise 4: Pauli matrices </h2>
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<h2id="ex4-pauli-matrices" class="anchor">Ex4: Pauli matrices </h2>
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<ol>
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<li> Set up the commutation rules for Pauli matrices, that is find \( [\sigma_i,\sigma_j] \) where \( i,j=x,y,z \).</li>
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<li> We define \( \boldsymbol{X}=\sigma_x \), \( \boldsymbol{Y}=\sigma_y \) and \( \boldsymbol{Z}=\sigma_z \). Show that \( \boldsymbol{XX}=\boldsymbol{YY}=\boldsymbol{ZZ}=\boldsymbol{I} \).</li>
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<li> Which one of the Pauli matrices has the qubit basis \( \vert 0\rangle \) and \( \vert 1\rangle \) as eigenbasis? What are the eigenvalues?</li>
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</section>
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<section>
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<h2id="exercise-1-bell-states">Exercise 1: Bell states </h2>
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<h2id="ex1-bell-states">Ex1: Bell states </h2>
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<p>Show that the so-called Bell states listed here (and to be encountered many times in this course) form an orthogonal basis</p>
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<p> <br>
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</section>
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<section>
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<h2id="exercise-2-entangled-state">Exercise 2: Entangled state </h2>
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<h2id="ex2-entangled-state">Ex2: Entangled state </h2>
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<p>Show that the state \( \alpha \vert 00\rangle+\beta\vert 11\rangle \) cannot be written as the product of the tensor product of two states and is thus entangle. The constants \( \alpha \) and \( \beta \) are both nonzero.</p>
<h2id="exercise-4-pauli-matrices">Exercise 4: Pauli matrices </h2>
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<h2id="ex4-pauli-matrices">Ex4: Pauli matrices </h2>
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<ol>
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<p><li> Set up the commutation rules for Pauli matrices, that is find \( [\sigma_i,\sigma_j] \) where \( i,j=x,y,z \).</li>
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<p><li> We define \( \boldsymbol{X}=\sigma_x \), \( \boldsymbol{Y}=\sigma_y \) and \( \boldsymbol{Z}=\sigma_z \). Show that \( \boldsymbol{XX}=\boldsymbol{YY}=\boldsymbol{ZZ}=\boldsymbol{I} \).</li>
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<h2id="exercise-2-entangled-state">Exercise 2: Entangled state </h2>
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<h2id="ex2-entangled-state">Ex2: Entangled state </h2>
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<p>Show that the state \( \alpha \vert 00\rangle+\beta\vert 11\rangle \) cannot be written as the product of the tensor product of two states and is thus entangle. The constants \( \alpha \) and \( \beta \) are both nonzero.</p>
<h2id="exercise-4-pauli-matrices">Exercise 4: Pauli matrices </h2>
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<h2id="ex4-pauli-matrices">Ex4: Pauli matrices </h2>
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<ol>
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<li> Set up the commutation rules for Pauli matrices, that is find \( [\sigma_i,\sigma_j] \) where \( i,j=x,y,z \).</li>
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<li> We define \( \boldsymbol{X}=\sigma_x \), \( \boldsymbol{Y}=\sigma_y \) and \( \boldsymbol{Z}=\sigma_z \). Show that \( \boldsymbol{XX}=\boldsymbol{YY}=\boldsymbol{ZZ}=\boldsymbol{I} \).</li>
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<li> Which one of the Pauli matrices has the qubit basis \( \vert 0\rangle \) and \( \vert 1\rangle \) as eigenbasis? What are the eigenvalues?</li>
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